Comparison of the energy and environmental performances of nine biomass/coal co-firing pathways
Tóm tắt
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Alberta Environment, 2007. Specified gas emitters regulation: technical guidance document for baseline emissions intensity applications. Environmental monitoring and evaluation division, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. URL: <http://environment.gov.ab.ca/info/library/7811.pdf>.
AMEC, 2006. Alberta 10 year generation outlook. Prepared for Alberta Electric System Operator (AESO). AMEC Americas Limited, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. URL: <www.aeso.ca/files/FINALAESOGeneration.pdf>.
Baxter, 2005, Biomass-coal co-combustion: opportunity for affordable renewable energy, Fuel, 84, 1295, 10.1016/j.fuel.2004.09.023
Bergman, P.C., 2005. Combined torrefaction and pelletisation: the TOP process. Energy research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN), Petten, Netherlands. URL: <www.agri-techproducers.com/upload/ATP-Torrefaction%20Scientific%20Article.pdf>.
Campbell, K., 2007. A feasibility study guide for an agricultural biomass pellet company. Campbell Consulting LLC: Agricultural Utilization Research Institute (AURI), St. Paul, Minnesota, USA. URL: <www.auri.org/research/FINAL%20FEASIBILITY%20STUDY%20GUIDE%2011-26-07.pdf>.
Carpentieri, 2005, Life cycle assessment (LCA) of an integrated biomass gasification combined cycle (IBGCC) with CO2 removal, Energy Conversion and Management, 46, 1790, 10.1016/j.enconman.2004.08.010
Corti, 2004, Biomass integrated gasification combined cycle with reduced CO2 emissions: performance analysis and life cycle assessment (LCA), Energy, 29, 2109, 10.1016/j.energy.2004.03.015
Environment Canada, 2009. National inventory report: greenhouse gas sources and sinks in Canada 1990–2007. Greenhouse Gas Division, Gatineau, Quebec, Canada. URL: <http://www.ec.gc.ca/Publications/B77E6264-D0E3-45B5-BE56-5A395C0B7653%5CNationalInventoryReport19902007GreenhouseGasSourcesAndSinksInCanada.pdf>.
Hartmann, 1999, Electricity generation from solid biomass via co-combustion with coal: energy and emission balances from a German case study, Biomass and Bioenergy, 16, 397, 10.1016/S0961-9534(99)00017-3
Heller, 2004, Life cycle energy and environmental benefits of generating electricity from willow biomass, Renewable Energy, 29, 1023, 10.1016/j.renene.2003.11.018
ISO 14040, 2006. Environmental management – life cycle assessment – principles and framework. Report No. ISO 14040:2006 (E). International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
Kabir, 2012, Comparative life cycle energy, emission, and economic analysis of 100kW nameplate wind power generation, Renewable Energy, 37, 133, 10.1016/j.renene.2011.06.003
Kabir, 2011, Development of net energy ratio and emission factor for biohydrogen production pathways, Bioresource Technology, 102, 8972, 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.06.093
Kim, 2004, Cumulative energy and global warming impact from the production of biomass for biobased products, Journal of Industrial Ecology, 7, 147
Kumar, 2003, Biomass power cost and optimum plant size in western Canada, Biomass and Bioenergy, 24, 445, 10.1016/S0961-9534(02)00149-6
Liu, 2010, Comprehensive evaluation of effects of straw-based electricity generation: a Chinese case, Energy Policy, 38, 6153, 10.1016/j.enpol.2010.06.001
Maciejewska, A., Veringa, H., Sanders, J., Peteves, S.D., 2006. Co-firing of biomass with coal: constraints and role of biomass pre-treatment. Directorate-General Joint Research Centre and Institute for Energy, Petten, Netherlands. URL: <ie.jrc.ec.europa.eu/publications/scientific_publications/2006/EUR22461EN.pdf>.
Mann, 2001, A life cycle assessment of biomass cofiring in a coal-fired power plant, Clean Products and Processes, 3, 81, 10.1007/s100980100109
Mann, M., Spath, P., 1997. Life cycle assessment of a biomass gasification combined-cycle power system. Report No. NREL/TP-430-23076. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, Colorado, USA. URL: <http://www.nrel.gov/docs/legosti/fy98/23076.pdf>.
McCulloch, M., Raynolds, M., Laurie, M., 2000. Life-cycle value assessment of a wind turbine. Pembina Institute, Alberta, Canada. URL: <pubs.pembina.org/reports/windlcva.pdf>.
Overend, 1982, The average haul distance and transportation work factors for biomass delivered to a central plant, Biomass, 2, 75, 10.1016/0144-4565(82)90008-7
Pa, 2011, A life cycle evaluation of wood pellet gasification for district heating in British Columbia, Bioresource Technology, 102, 6167, 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.02.009
Pastre, O., 2002. Analysis of the technical obstacles related to the production and utilisation of fuel pellets made from agricultural residues. Report No. ALTENER 2002-012-137-16051. European Biomass Industry Association (EUBIA), Brussels, Belgium. URL: <www.carborobot.hu/Download/Papers/Part%20IV%20from%20D18%20Report%20on%20critical%20factors-technical%20obsticles_1.pdf>.
Prairie Practitioners Group, 2008. Straw Procurement Business Case: Final Report. Manitoba BioProducts Working Group, Manitoba, Canada. URL: <http://www.gov.mb.ca/agriculture/ri/community/pdf/straw_procurement.pdf>.
Prins, 2006, More efficient biomass gasification via torrefaction, Energy, 31, 3458, 10.1016/j.energy.2006.03.008
Rafaschieri, 1999, Life Cycle Assessment of electricity production from poplar energy crops compared with conventional fossil fuels, Energy Conversion and Management, 40, 1477, 10.1016/S0196-8904(99)00076-X
Reichling, 2011, Comparative analysis of FischereTropsch and integrated gasification combined cycle biomass utilization, Energy, 36, 6529, 10.1016/j.energy.2011.09.012
Sebastián, F., Royo, J., Serra, L., Gómez, M., 2007. Life cycle assessment of greenhouse gas emissions from biomass electricity generation: co-firing and biomass monocombustion. In: Proceedings of the 4th Dubrovnik conference on sustainable development of energy water and environment systems, 4–8 June. Dubrovnik, Croatia. URL: <http://circe.cps.unizar.es/acvcoco/es/pdf/6art_1.pdf>.
Singh, D., Croiset, E., Douglas, P., Feng, X., Douglas, M., Kilpratrick, D.J., Thambimuthu, K., 2000. Simulation of CO2 capture for an existing pulverized coal power plant. In: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies (GHGT-5), Cairns, Australia. URL: <http://www.wise.uwaterloo.ca/pdf/co2_simulation.pdf>.
Sokhansanj, 2010, Techno-economic analysis of using corn stover to supply heat and power to a corn ethanol plant – Part 1: Cost of feedstock supply logistics, Biomass and Bioenergy, 34, 75, 10.1016/j.biombioe.2009.10.001
Spath, P.L., Mann, M.K., Kerr, D.R., 1999. Life cycle assessment of coal-fired power production. Report No. NREL/TP-570-25119. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, Colorado, USA. URL: <http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy99osti/25119.pdf>.
Stumborg, 1996, Sustainability and economic issues for cereal crop residue export, Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 76, 669, 10.4141/cjps96-117
Sultana, 2011, Development of energy and emission parameters for densified form of lignocellulosic biomass, Energy, 36, 2716, 10.1016/j.energy.2011.02.012
Sultana, 2011, Optimal configuration and combination of multiple lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks delivery to a biorefinery, Bioresource Technology, 102, 9947, 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.07.119
Sultana, 2010, Development of agri-pellet production cost and optimum size, Bioresource Technology, 101, 5609, 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.02.011
Thek, 2004, Wood pellet production costs under Austrian and in comparison to Swedish framework conditions, Biomass and Bioenergy, 27, 671, 10.1016/j.biombioe.2003.07.007
Uslu, 2008, Pre-treatment technologies, and their effect on international bioenergy supply chain logistics. Techno-economic evaluation of torrefaction, fast pyrolysis and pelletisation, Energy, 33, 1206, 10.1016/j.energy.2008.03.007