Comparison of subjective and objective methods to determine the retinal arterio-venous ratio using fundus photography

Journal of Optometry - Tập 8 Số 4 - Trang 252-257 - 2015
Rebekka Heitmar1, Angelos Kalitzeos2, Peter W. Hellings3, Diana Prabhu-Das2, Robert P. Cubbidge2
1Aston University, School of Life and Health Sciences, Birmingham, UK. Electronic address: [email protected].
2Aston University, School of Life and Health Sciences, Birmingham, UK
3Topcon Corporation USA, NJ, USA; Toronto Western Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Toronto, Canada.

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Chew, 2013, The relationship of retinal vessel caliber with erectile dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes, Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 54, 7234, 10.1167/iovs.13-12622

Crosby-Nwaobi, 2012, Retinal vascular calibre, geometry and progression of diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus, Ophthalmologica, 228, 84, 10.1159/000337252

Klein, 2012, Changes in retinal vessel diameter and incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy, Arch Ophthalmol, 130, 749, 10.1001/archophthalmol.2011.2560

Torres, 2013, Association between carotid intima-media thickness and retinal arteriolar and venular diameter in patients with hypertension: a cross-sectional study, Atherosclerosis, 229, 134, 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.04.019

Shankar, 2013, Sleep-disordered breathing and retinal microvascular diameter, Atherosclerosis, 226, 124, 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.10.046

Wang, 2007, Retinal vessel diameter and cardiovascular mortality: pooled data analysis from two older populations, Eur Heart J, 28, 1984, 10.1093/eurheartj/ehm221

Witt, 2006, Abnormalities of retinal microvascular structure and risk of mortality from ischemic heart disease and stroke, Hypertension, 47, 975, 10.1161/01.HYP.0000216717.72048.6c

Cooper, 2006, Retinal microvascular abnormalities and MRI-defined subclinical cerebral infarction: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, Stroke, 37, 82, 10.1161/01.STR.0000195134.04355.e5

Leishman, 1957, The eye in general vascular disease (hypertension and arteriosclerosis), Br J Ophthalmol, 41, 641, 10.1136/bjo.41.11.641

Grosvenor, 1982, External and internal examination, 121

Llewellyn, 1988, Fundus examination, 321

Elliot, 1997, Ocular health assessment, 97

Knudtson, 2003, Revised formulas for summarizing retinal vessel diameters, Curr Eye Res, 27, 143, 10.1076/ceyr.27.3.143.16049

Parr, 1974, Mathematical relationships between the width of a retinal artery and the widths of its branches, Am J Ophthalmol, 77, 478, 10.1016/0002-9394(74)90458-9

Parr, 1974, General calibre of the retinal arteries expressed as the equivalent width of the central retinal artery, Am J Ophthalmol, 77, 472, 10.1016/0002-9394(74)90457-7

Hubbard, 1999, Methods for evaluation of retinal microvascular abnormalities associate with hypertension/sclerosis in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, Ophthalmology, 106, 2269, 10.1016/S0161-6420(99)90525-0

McGraw, 1996, Forming inferences about some intraclass correlation coefficients, Psychol Methods, 1, 30, 10.1037/1082-989X.1.1.30

Ikram, 2006, Retinal vessel diameters and risk of hypertension: the Rotterdam Study, Hypertension, 47, 189, 10.1161/01.HYP.0000199104.61945.33

Wong, 2005, Retinal arteriolar narrowing, hypertension, and subsequent risk of diabetes mellitus, Arch Intern Med, 165, 1060, 10.1001/archinte.165.9.1060

Liao, 2004, Relationship between carotid artery stiffness and retinal arteriolar narrowing in healthy middle-aged persons, Stroke, 35, 837, 10.1161/01.STR.0000120310.43457.AD

Chester, 1977

Liew, 2007, Measurement of retinal vascular caliber: issues and alternatives to using the arteriole to venule ratio, Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 48, 52, 10.1167/iovs.06-0672

Liew, 2008, Relative importance of systemic determinants of retinal arteriolar and venular calibre: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, Arch Ophthalmol, 126, 1404, 10.1001/archopht.126.10.1404

Daien, 2013, Retinal vascular calibre is associated with renal function in apparently healthy subjects, Acta Ophthalmol, 91, e283, 10.1111/aos.12094

Gudmundsdottir, 2010, Blood pressure development and hypertensive retinopathy: 20 year follow up of middle aged normotensive and hypertensive men, J Hum Hypertens, 24, 505, 10.1038/jhh.2009.94

Wang, 2008, The long term relation among retinal arteriolar narrowing, blood pressure, and incident severe Hypertension, Am J Epidemiol, 168, 80, 10.1093/aje/kwn100

Wong, 2003, The prevalence and risk factors of microvascular abnormalities in older people: the cardiovascular health study, Ophthalmology, 110, 658, 10.1016/S0161-6420(02)01931-0

Mitchell, 2005, Retinal microvascular sings and risk of stroke and stroke mortality, Neurology, 65, 1005, 10.1212/01.wnl.0000179177.15900.ca

Yang, 2012, Association of dilated retinal arteriolar calibre with early age-related macular degeneration: the Handan Eye Study, Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 250, 741, 10.1007/s00417-011-1824-4

Kawasaki, 2013, Retinal vessel calibre is associated with the 10-year incidence of glaucoma: the Blue Mountains Eye Study, Ophthalmology, 120, 84, 10.1016/j.ophtha.2012.07.007