Comparing Conventional and New Policy Approaches for Carnivore Conservation: Theoretical Results and Application to Tiger Conservation

Albers H, Ferraro PJ (2006) Economics of biodiversity conservation in developing countries. In: Toman M, Lopez R (eds) Economic development and environmental sustainability: new policy options. Oxford University Press, New York Andrén H, Linnell JDC, Liberg O, Andersen R, Danell A, Karlsson J, Odden J, Moa PF, Ahlqvist P, Kvam T, Franzén R, Segerström P (2006) Survival rates and causes of mortality in Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) in multi-use landscapes. Biol Conserv 131: 23–32 Bagchi S, Goyal S, Sankar K (2002) Prey abundance and prey selection by tigers (Panthera tigris) in a semi-arid, dry deciduous forest in western India. J Zool 260: 285–290 Bostedt G (2001) Reindeer husbandry, the Swedish market for reindeer meat, and the chernobyl effects. Agri Econ 5: 213–222 Bostedt G (2005) Pastoralist economic behaviour: empirical results from reindeer herders in northern Sweden. J Agric Resour Econ 30: 381–396 Butler JRA (2000) The economic costs of wildlife predation on livestock in Gokwe Communal Land, Zimbabwe. East Afr Wildl Soc 38: 23–30 Bulte E, Rondeau D (2007) Compensation for wildlife damages: habitat conversion, species preservation and local welfare. J Environ Econ Manage 54: 311–322 Casey F, Vickerman S, Hummon C, Taylor B (2006) Incentives for biodiversity conservation: an ecological and economic assessment. Defenders of Wildlife, Washington DC Casey F, Boody G (2007) An assessment of performance-based indicators and payments for resource conservation on agricultural lands. Report for the multiple benefits of agriculture initiative. Conservation economics white paper 8, Defenders of wildlife, Washington DC Damania R, Stringer R, Karanth U, Stith B (2003) The economics of protecting tiger populations: linking household behaviour to poaching and prey depletion. Land Econ 79: 198–216 Damania R, Seidensticker J, Whitten T, Sethi G, Mackinnon K, Kiss A, Kushlin A (2008) A future for wild tigers. World Bank, Washington DC Damodaran A (2007) The project tiger crisis in India: moving away from the policy and economics of selectivity. Environ Values 16: 61–77 Danell A, Andrén H, Segerström P, Franzén R (2006) Space use by Eurasian lynx in relation to reindeer migration. Can J Zool 84: 546–555 Engel S, Pagiola S, Wunder S (2008) Designing payments for environmental services in theory and practice: an overview of the issues. Ecol Econ 65: 663–674 Ferraro PJ, Simpson RD (2002) The cost-effectiveness of conservation payments. Land Econ 78: 339–353 Ferraro PJ (2005) Corruption and conservation: the need for empirical analysis. A response to Smith & Walpole. Oryx 39: 3 Fischer C, Muchapondwa E, Sterner T (2005) Bioeconomic model of community incentives for wildlife management before and after CAMPFIRE. Discussion paper 05-06, Resources for the Future, Washington DC Fourli M (1999) Compensation for damage caused by bears and wolves in the European union: experiences from LIFE-Nature projects. European Commission, Brussels Gusset M, Swarner MJ, Mponwane L, Keletile K, McNutt JW (2009) Human-wildlife conflict in northern Botswana: livestock predation by endangered African wild dog Lycaon pictus and other carnivores. Oryx 43: 67–72 Hazzah L, Borgerhoff Mulder M, Frank L (2009) Lions and Warriors: social factors underlying declining African lion populations and the effect of incentive-based management in Kenya. Biol Conserv 142: 2428–2437 Hilton-Taylor C, Pollock CM, Chanson JS, Butchart SHM, Oldfield TEE, Katariya V (2009) State of the world’s species. In: Vié J-C, Hilton-Taylor C, Stuart SN (eds) Wildlife in a changing world: an analysis of the 2008 IUCN red list of threatened species. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland Holmern T, Nyahongo J, Roskaft E (2006) Livestock loss caused by predators outside the Serengeti National Park, Tanzania. Biol conserv 135: 518–526 Inskip C, Zimmermann A (2009) Human-felid conflict: a review of patterns and priorities worldwide. Oryx 43: 18–34 Jhala, YV, Gopal, R, Qureshi, Q (eds) (2008) Status of tigers, co-predators and prey in India. National Tiger Conservation Authority and Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun Johansson P-O, Löfgren K-G (1985) The economics of forestry and natural resources. Blackwell, Oxford Karanth KU, Chellam R (2009) Carnivore conservation at the crossroads. Oryx 43: 1–2 Madhusudan MD (2003) Living amidst large wildlife: livestock and crop depredation by large mammals in the interior villages of Bhadra Tiger Reserve, South India. Environ Manage 31: 466–475 Mishra C (1997) Livestock depredation by large carnivores in the Indian trans-Himalaya: conflict perceptions and conservation prospects. Environ Conserv 24: 338–343 Mustelid Specialist Group (1996) Gulo gulo. In: 2004 IUCN red list of threatened species. Available at www.iucnredlist.org. Cited 06 Mar 2008 Nyhus PJ, Osofsky S, Ferraro P, Madden F, Fischer H (2005) Bearing the costs of human-wildlife conflict: the challenges of compensation schemes. In: Woodrooffe R, Thirgood S, Rabinowitz A (eds) People and wildlife: conflict or coexistence?. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Persson J (2005) Female wolverine (Gulo gulo) reproduction: reproductive costs and winter food availability. Can J Zool 83: 1453–1459 Persson J (2007) Järvens status och ekologi i Sverige. Report for the Governmental commission on the large carnivores (Utredningen om de stora rovdjuren). Department of Ecology, Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Grimsö Saberval V, Gibbs J, Chellam R, Johnsingh A (1994) Lion-human conflict in the Gir Forest, India. Conserv Biol 8: 501–507 Singh I, Squire L, Strauss J (1986) Agricultural household models: extensions, applications, and policy. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore Skonhoft A (1998) Resource utilization, property rights and welfare: wildlife and the local people. Ecol Econ 26: 67–80 Songorwa AN (1999) Community-based wildlife management (CWM) in Tanzania: are the communities interested?. World Dev 27: 2061–2079 Spence M, Zeckhauser R (1971) Insurance information, and individual action. Am Econ Rev 61: 380–387 Swedish Government Bill (2000) Sammanhållen rovdjurspolitik. Government Bill 2000/01:57, Stockholm Swedish National Council for Crime Prevention (2007) Poaching for large predators—conflict in a lawless land?. English summary of Brå report No 2007:22, Brå, Stockholm Swenson J, Andren H (2005) A tale of two countries: large carnivore depredation and compensation schemes in Sweden and Norway. In: Woodroffe R, Thirgood S, Rabinowitz A (eds) People and wildlife: conflict or coexistance?. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Thirgood S, Woodroffe R, Rabinowitz A (2005) The impact of human-wildlife conflict on human lives and livelihoods. In: Woodroffe R, Thirgood S, Rabinowitz A (eds) People and wildlife: conflict or coexistence?. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Wätzold F, Drechsler M (2005) Spatially uniform versus spatially heterogeneous compensation payments for biodiversity-enhancing land-use measures. Environ Resour Econ 31: 73–93 Western D, Waithaka J (2005) Policies for reducing human-wildlife conflict: a Kenya case study. In: Woodroffe R, Thirgood S, Rabinowitz A (eds) People and wildlife: conflict or coexistence?. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Woodroffe R, Lindsey P, Romanach S, Stein A, Ranah S (2005) Livestock predation by endangered African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) in Northern Kenya. Biol Conserv 124: 225–234 Wünscher T, Engel S, Wunder S (2008) Spatial targeting of payments for environmental services: a tool for boosting conservation benefits. Ecol Econ 65: 822–833 Wunder S, Engel S, Pagiola S (2008) Taking stock: lessons learnt for the design of payments for environmental services programs. Ecol Econ 65: 834–852 Zabel A, Holm-Müller K (2008) Conservation performance payments for carnivore conservation in Sweden. Conserv Biol 22: 247–251