Community composition and cold tolerance of soil Collembola in a collapse karst doline with strong microclimate inversion
Tóm tắt
The study compared communities of soil Collembola along the inversed microclimatic gradient of the collapse doline of the Silická ľadnica Ice Cave (Slovakia) in spring and autumn of 2005. Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA and the Mann- Whitney test revealed significant differences in abundance between sites and both seasons. Significantly higher abundance means and species richness were observed at most sites during the spring compared with the autumn. NMS ordination documented a clear delimitation of communities with remarkably different soil microclimates. The community pattern of the coldest section of the gradient, with low species richness and high mean abundance, was analogous to communities living in the harsh alpine and polar soils. The collapse doline with inversed microclimate hosted a high number of species (72) and a broad variety of montane forms (13), thus documenting that these karst landforms enhance local diversity of edaphic Collembola and serve as local refugia of specialized cold-tolerant species. The cold tolerance of the four abundant species at the doline cold sites, namely Ceratophysella sigillata, Tetrodontophora bielanensis, Protaphorura armata and Desoria tigrina, was tested in the laboratory using one-hour exposition survival tests. Within a temperature range from −2.4 to −7.8°C, T. bielanensis was the most cold-sensitive species, with a lethal dose LD50 of −4.4°C, while D. tigrina was the most cold-resistant, showing LD50 of–5.8°C.
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