Community-based tourism ventures, benefits and challenges: Khama Rhino Sanctuary Trust, Central District, Botswana
Tóm tắt
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Arntzen, 2007
Arntzen, 2007
Arntzen, 2003
Ashley, 2000
Ashley, 2000
Ashley, 2002, Making tourism work for the poor: strategies and challenges in Southern Africa, Development Southern Africa, 10.1080/03768350220123855
Ashley, 2001
Bah, 2003
Buanes, 2005, Stakeholder participation in Norwegian coastal zone planning, Ocean & Coastal Management, 48, 658, 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2005.05.005
Casley, 1981
Catley, 1999
Central Statistics Office, 2002
Centre for Applied Research (2003). Final Report of the Review of CBNRM in Botswana: a study carried out for the National CBNRM Forum, Volume 1: main findings, Gaborone.
Central Statistics Office, 2004, Vol. 1
Chief Warden's Project Proposal. (2004). Unpublished report.
Child, 1995, Origins and efficacy of modern community based natural resources management (CBNRM): practices in the Southern African Region, Botswana Notes and Records
Dikobe, L., & Thakadu, O.T. (1997). Community participation in wildlife conservation. In: Proceedings of the national conference on conservation and management of wildlife in Botswana: strategies for the 21st century, Gaborone, Botswana (pp. 275-283).
Fabricius, 2004
France, 1998, Local participation in tourism in the West Indian Islands, 223
Gibson, 1995, Transforming rural hunters into conservationists: an assessment of community-based wildlife management programs in Zambia, World Development, 23, 118, 10.1016/0305-750X(95)00025-8
Government of Botswana, 1990
Government of Botswana, 2000
Government of Botswana, 2007
Grossman, & Associates (n.d.). Management and development plan for the Khama Rhino Sanctuary Trust. Publisher Unknown.
Gujadhur, 2000
Hardy, 2002, Sustainable tourism: an overview of the concept and its position in relation to conceptualisations of tourism, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 10, 475, 10.1080/09669580208667183
HOORC (2007).GIS Laboratory.
Van der Jagt, 2000
Khama Rhino Sanctuary Trust (2004). Chief Warden's Project Proposal, Unpublished report.
Kitchin, 2000
Lea, 1988
Mahony, 2002, The impacts of tourism investment on rural communities: three case studies in South Africa, Development Southern Africa, 19, 83, 10.1080/03768350220123891
Mbaiwa, 2002
Mbaiwa, 2004, The socio-economic benefits and challenges of a community-based safari hunting tourism in the Okavango Delta, Botswana, The Journal of Tourism Studies, 15, 37
Mbaiwa, 2007, Local community attitudes towards Wildlife conservation and community based natural resources management in Ngamiland District, Botswana, 19
Mearns, 2003, Community-based tourism: the key to empowering the Sankuyo Community in Botswana, Africa Insight, 33, 29
Milne, 2004, Community participation in Caribbean tourism: problems and prospects
Mmopelwa, 2006, The Okavango Delta: the value of tourism, South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences, 9, 113, 10.4102/sajems.v9i1.1161
Murphree, 1999
Murphy, 1985
National CBNRM Forum. The way forward for CBNRM in Botswana. Gaborone, A discussion paper for the National CBNRM Forum, 11–12 April 2005.
Nielsen, J. (1997). The use and misuse of focus groups.http://www.useit.com/papers/focusgroups.html. Accessed 10.07.04.
Paul, 1987
Pretty, 1995, The many interpretations of participation, In Focus, 16, 4
Rabaloi, B. T. (2006). Potential of tourism for economic development in Botswana: an application for SAM multiplier analysis. Unpublished, MA Thesis, Department of Economics, University of Botswana.
Rihoy, 1995, The commons without tragedy? Strategies for community-based natural resources management in Southern Africa
Roseland, 2005
Rozemeijer, 2000
Scheyvens, 2002, Tourism for development
Sebele, L. S. (2005). The social impacts of community-based tourism: a case study of Khama Rhino Sanctuary Trust in the Central District of Botswana, Unpublished Master of Arts Dissertation, Johannesburg, University of the Witwatersrand.
Selebatso, 2005, The role of CBNRM in wildlife conservation in Southern Africa, Tropical Ecology and Management, 4
Shah, 2000
Sindinga, 1999, Alternative tourism and sustainable development in Kenya, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 7, 108, 10.1080/09669589908667330
Stone, 1989, Cultural cross-roads of community participation in development: a case from Nepal, Human Organisation, 48, 207
Stone, M. T. (2006). Community-based natural resource management and tourism: the Nata Bird Sanctuary Project, Central District, Botswana. Unpublished Master of Science Dissertation, Johannesburg, University of the Witwatersrand.
Swatuk, 2005, From project to context: community-based natural resources management in Botswana, Global Environmental Politics, 5, 95, 10.1162/1526380054794925
Telfer, 2002, The evolution of tourism and development theory, 35
Thakadu, 2005, Success factors in community-based natural resources management in northern Botswana: lessons from practice, Natural Resources Forum, 29, 199, 10.1111/j.1477-8947.2005.00130.x
Thurlow, 2007
Tosun, 2000, Limits to community participation in the tourism development process in developing countries, Tourism Management, 21, 613, 10.1016/S0261-5177(00)00009-1
Tosun, 2006, Expected nature of community participation in tourism development, Tourism Management, 27, 493, 10.1016/j.tourman.2004.12.004
Wahab, 1997, Sustainable tourism in the developing world, 129
Walpole, 2000, Local economic impacts of dragon tourism in Indonesia, Annals of Tourism Research, 27, 559, 10.1016/S0160-7383(99)00088-2
Woodley, 1993, Tourism and sustainable development: the community perspective, 135
World Commission on Environment and Development, 1987
World Tourism Organisation, 1997
World Travel and Tourism Council, 2007
AFDB/OECD. (2007). Botswana, http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/26/18/38561744.pdf. Accessed 02.03. 07.
Khama Rhino Sanctuary Trust: a community-based wildlife project near Serowe, Botswana. http://www.khamarhinosanctuary.com/. Accessed 02.03.07.
SVN/IUCN Support Centre. www.cbnrm.bw. Accessed 02.03.04.