Common Mechanisms of Viral Injury to the Kidney

Kupin, 2017, Viral-associated GN: hepatitis B and other viral infections, Clin J Am Soc Nephrol, 12, 1529, 10.2215/CJN.09180816 Beachboard, 2016, Innate immune evasion strategies of DNA and RNA viruses, Curr Opin Microbiol, 32, 113, 10.1016/j.mib.2016.05.015 Picarda, 2018, Cytomegalovirus: Shape-shifting the immune system, J Immunol, 200, 3881, 10.4049/jimmunol.1800171 Mocarski, 2004, Immune escape and exploitation strategies of cytomegaloviruses: impact on and imitation of the major histocompatibility system, Cell Microbiol, 6, 707, 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2004.00425.x Cullen, 2013, MicroRNAs as mediators of viral evasion of the immune system, Nat Immunol, 14, 205, 10.1038/ni.2537 Skalsky, 2007, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus encodes an ortholog of miR-155, J Virol, 81, 12836, 10.1128/JVI.01804-07 Abend, 2012, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus microRNAs target IRAK1 and MYD88, two components of the toll-like receptor/interleukin-1R signaling cascade, to reduce inflammatory-cytokine expression, J Virol, 86, 11663, 10.1128/JVI.01147-12 Stark, 2012, High-resolution profiling and analysis of viral and host small RNAs during human cytomegalovirus infection, J Virol, 86, 226, 10.1128/JVI.05903-11 Lu, 2008, Epstein-Barr virus-induced miR-155 attenuates NF-kappaB signaling and stabilizes latent virus persistence, J Virol, 82, 10436, 10.1128/JVI.00752-08 Yin, 2008, MicroRNA-155 is an Epstein-Barr virus-induced gene that modulates Epstein-Barr virus-regulated gene expression pathways, J Virol, 82, 5295, 10.1128/JVI.02380-07 Pfeffer, 2004, Identification of virus-encoded microRNAs, Science, 304, 734, 10.1126/science.1096781 Barth, 2008, Epstein-Barr virus-encoded microRNA miR-BART2 down-regulates the viral DNA polymerase BALF5, Nucleic Acids Res, 36, 666, 10.1093/nar/gkm1080 Drury, 2017, The clinical application of MicroRNAs in infectious disease, Front Immunol, 8, 1182, 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01182 Zuo, 2006, HIV-1 genes vpr and nef synergistically damage podocytes, leading to glomerulosclerosis, J Am Soc Nephrol, 17, 2832, 10.1681/ASN.2005080878 Hanna, 1998, Nef harbors a major determinant of pathogenicity for an AIDS-like disease induced by HIV-1 in transgenic mice, Cell, 95, 163, 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81748-1 Hanna, 2006, HIV-1 Nef mutations abrogating downregulation of CD4 affect other Nef functions and show reduced pathogenicity in transgenic mice, Virology, 346, 40, 10.1016/j.virol.2005.10.010 Hanna, 2001, The pathogenicity of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 Nef in CD4C/HIV transgenic mice is abolished by mutation of its SH3-binding domain, and disease development is delayed in the absence of Hck, J Virol, 75, 9378, 10.1128/JVI.75.19.9378-9392.2001 He, 2004, Nef stimulates proliferation of glomerular podocytes through activation of Src-dependent Stat3 and MAPK1,2 pathways, J Clin Invest, 114, 643, 10.1172/JCI200421004 Husain, 2005, HIV-1 Nef induces dedifferentiation of podocytes in vivo: a characteristic feature of HIVAN, AIDS, 19, 1975, 10.1097/01.aids.0000191918.42110.27 Sunamoto, 2003, Critical role for Nef in HIV-1-induced podocyte dedifferentiation, Kid Int, 64, 1695, 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2003.00283.x Barisoni, 2000, HIV-1 induces renal epithelial dedifferentiation in a transgenic model of HIV-associated nephropathy, Kid Int, 58, 173, 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2000.00152.x Feng, 2009, Reduction of Stat3 activity attenuates HIV-induced kidney injury, J Am Soc Nephrol, 20, 2138, 10.1681/ASN.2008080879 Le Sage, 2016, Adapting the stress response: viral subversion of the mTOR signaling pathway, Viruses, 8, e152, 10.3390/v8060152 Clippinger, 2011, Human cytomegalovirus infection maintains mTOR activity and its perinuclear localization during amino acid deprivation, J Virol, 85, 9369, 10.1128/JVI.05102-11 Kim, 2008, Regulation of TORC1 by Rag GTPases in nutrient response, Nat Cell Biol, 10, 935, 10.1038/ncb1753 Moorman, 2008, Human cytomegalovirus protein UL38 inhibits host cell stress responses by antagonizing the tuberous sclerosis protein complex, Cell Host Microbe, 3, 253, 10.1016/j.chom.2008.03.002 Kudchodkar, 2006, Human cytomegalovirus infection alters the substrate specificities and rapamycin sensitivities of raptor- and rictor-containing complexes, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 103, 14182, 10.1073/pnas.0605825103 Moorman, 2010, Rapamycin-resistant mTORC1 kinase activity is required for herpesvirus replication, J Virol, 84, 5260, 10.1128/JVI.02733-09 Hunter, 2005, Gene-environment interactions in human diseases, Nat Rev Genet, 6, 287, 10.1038/nrg1578 Bruggeman, 2000, Renal epithelium is a previously unrecognized site of HIV-1 infection, J Am Soc Nephrol, 11, 2079, 10.1681/ASN.V11112079 Marras, 2002, Replication and compartmentalization of HIV-1 in kidney epithelium of patients with HIV-associated nephropathy, Nat Med, 8, 522, 10.1038/nm0502-522 Winston, 2001, Nephropathy and establishment of a renal reservoir of HIV type 1 during primary infection, N Engl J Med, 344, 1979, 10.1056/NEJM200106283442604 Bruggeman, 1997, Nephropathy in human immunodeficiency virus-1 transgenic mice is due to renal transgene expression, J Clin Invest, 100, 84, 10.1172/JCI119525 De Laroche, 2017, APOL1 variants may induce HIV-associated nephropathy during HIV primary infection, J Antimicrob Chemother, 72, 1539 Kao, 2008, MYH9 is associated with nondiabetic end-stage renal disease in African Americans, Nat Genet, 40, 1185, 10.1038/ng.232 Kopp, 2008, MYH9 is a major-effect risk gene for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, Nat Genet, 40, 1175, 10.1038/ng.226 Genovese, 2010, Association of trypanolytic ApoL1 variants with kidney disease in African Americans, Science, 329, 841, 10.1126/science.1193032 Genovese, 2010, A risk allele for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in African Americans is located within a region containing APOL1 and MYH9, Kid Int, 78, 698, 10.1038/ki.2010.251 Kopp, 2011, APOL1 genetic variants in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and HIV-associated nephropathy, J Am Soc Nephrol, 22, 2129, 10.1681/ASN.2011040388 Kruzel-Davila, 2017, APOL1 nephropathy: a population genetics and evolutionary medicine detective story, Sem Nephrol, 37, 490, 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2017.07.002 Taylor, 2014, The innate immune factor apolipoprotein L1 restricts HIV-1 infection, J Virol, 88, 592, 10.1128/JVI.02828-13 McLaren, 2015, Identification of potential HIV restriction factors by combining evolutionary genomic signatures with functional analyses, Retrovirology, 12, 41, 10.1186/s12977-015-0165-5 Mikulak, 2016, Impact of APOL1 polymorphism and IL-1beta priming in the entry and persistence of HIV-1 in human podocytes, Retrovirology, 13, 63, 10.1186/s12977-016-0296-3 Besse, 2016, Collapsing glomerulopathy in a young woman with APOL1 risk alleles following acute parvovirus B19 infection: a case report investigation, BMC Nephrol, 17, 125, 10.1186/s12882-016-0330-7 Chang, 2018, Donor's APOL1 risk genotype and “second Hits” associated with De Novo collapsing glomerulopathy in Deceased donor kidney transplant Recipients: a report of 5 cases, Am J Kidney Dis, 73, 134, 10.1053/j.ajkd.2018.05.008 Shah, 2016, APOL1 polymorphisms in a Deceased donor and Early presentation of collapsing glomerulopathy and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in two Recipients, Am J Transplant, 16, 1923, 10.1111/ajt.13748 Virgin, 2014, The virome in mammalian physiology and disease, Cell, 157, 142, 10.1016/j.cell.2014.02.032 Cadwell, 2010, Virus-plus-susceptibility gene interaction determines Crohn's disease gene Atg16L1 phenotypes in intestine, Cell, 141, 1135, 10.1016/j.cell.2010.05.009 Kiryluk, 2010, Genetic studies of IgA nephropathy: past, present, and future, Pediatr Nephrol, 25, 2257, 10.1007/s00467-010-1500-7 Wyatt, 2013, IgA nephropathy, N Engl J Med, 368, 2402, 10.1056/NEJMra1206793 Barratt, 2018, Treatment of IgA nephropathy: evolution over Half a Century, Semin Nephrol, 38, 531, 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2018.05.023 Mallipattu, 2014, The changing epidemiology of HIV-related chronic kidney disease in the era of antiretroviral therapy, Kid Int, 86, 259, 10.1038/ki.2014.44 Roediger, 2018, An atypical parvovirus drives chronic tubulointerstitial nephropathy and kidney fibrosis, Cell, 175, 530, 10.1016/j.cell.2018.08.013 Schelling, 2016, Tubular atrophy in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease progression, Pediatr Nephrol, 31, 693, 10.1007/s00467-015-3169-4 Sabin, 2013, The natural history of HIV infection, Curr Op HIV AIDS, 8, 311 He, 2008, Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines mediates trans-infection of HIV-1 from red blood cells to target cells and affects HIV-AIDS susceptibility, Cell Host Microbe, 4, 52, 10.1016/j.chom.2008.06.002 Huang, 1996, The role of a mutant CCR5 allele in HIV-1 transmission and disease progression, Nat Med, 2, 1240, 10.1038/nm1196-1240 2018, Global Burden of Disease 2017 Mortality Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex-specific mortality and life expectancy, 1950-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017, Lancet, 392, 1684 George, 2017, Chronic kidney disease in low-income to middle-income countries: the case for increased screening, BMJ Glob Health, 2, e000256, 10.1136/bmjgh-2016-000256