Combustion of fat and vegetable oil derived fuels in diesel engines

Walton, 1938, Gas & Oil Power, 167

Martinez de Vedia, 1994, Diesel Power and Diesel Transportation, 1298

Huguenard, 1951, Dual fuel diesel engines using cotton-seed oil with variable injection timing

Bruwer, 1980, Sunflower seed oil as an extender for diesel fuel in agricultural tractors

Varde, 1982, Vegetable oil fuels, 303

Baranescu, 1982, Vegetable oil fuels, 312

Fort, 1982, Vegetable oil fuels, 374

Johanson, 1982, Vegetable oil fuels, 337

Peterson, 1987, EMA test cycles: influence of fatty acid composition on engine deposits, 132

Bacon, 1981, The use of vegetable oils in straight and modified form as diesel engine fuels, Volume 3, 1525

Engler, 1983, 71

Freedman, 1984, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 61, 1638, 10.1007/BF02541649

Reed, 1992, Biomass and Bioenergy, 3, 111, 10.1016/0961-9534(92)90048-U

Peters, 1980

Withers, 1996, 366

Fosseen Manufacturing and Development, 1994, Emission testing on biodiesel and biodiesel blends

Manicom, 1993, Methyl soyate evaluation of various diesel blends in a DDC 6V-92TA engine

FEV Engine Technology, Inc., 1994, Emissions and performance characteristics of the Navistar T444E DI engine fueled with blends of biodiesel and low sulfur diesel, Phase 1 Final Report to National Biodiesel Board

Graboski, 1996

Schumacher, 1995, The physical and chemical characterization of biodiesel low sulfur diesel fuel blends

McDonald, 1995, Soc. Automotive Eng. Technical Paper No. 950400

Marshall, 1994, Improved control of NOX emissions with biodiesel fuels, Final Report, DOE Contract DE-AC22-94PC91008

Clark, 1984, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 61, 1632, 10.1007/BF02541648

Stotler, 1995, Transient emission evaluation of biodiesel fuel blend in a 1987 Cummins L-10 and DDC 6V-92-TA, ETS Report No. ETS-95-128 to National Biodiesel Board

Midwest Biofuels Inc., 1993

Reece, 1993, Progress report Idaho on-road test with vegetable oils as a diesel fuel, 891

Rantanen, 1993, Soc. Automotive Eng. Technical Paper No. 932686

Police, 1993, Regulated emissions of DI diesel engines fuelled with methyl ester of rape seed oil, 139

Staat, 1995, Soc. Automotive Eng. Technical Paper No. 950053

Montagne, 1996, Soc. Automotive Eng. Technical Paper No. 962065

Adept Group, 1995, Emissions and engine performance of soya and canola methyl esters with ARB#2 diesel fuels, Report to Saskatchewan Canola Development Commission

Peterson, 1996

Geyer, 1984, Trans ASAE, 27, 375, 10.13031/2013.32795

Masjuki, 1993, Methyl ester of palm oil as an alternative diesel fuel, 129

Peterson, 1995, Making and testing a biodiesel fuel made from ethanol and waste french fry oil, Idaho Department of Water Resources Report

Freedman, 1990, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 67, 565, 10.1007/BF02540768

Klopfenstein, 1983, 104

Knothe, 1997, Soc. Automotive Eng. Technical Paper No. 971681

Heywood, 1988

Ullman, 1990, Study of cetane number and aromatic content effects on regulated emissions from a heavy-duty engine, Southwest Research Institute Report No. 08-2940, CRC Contract VE-1

Sharp, 1994, Transient emissions testing of biodiesel in a 6V-92TA DDEC engine, Southwest Research Institute Report 6602 and 6673 to National Biodiesel Board

Sharp, 1994, Transient emissions testing of biodiesel and other additives in a DDC Series 60 engine, Southwest Research Institute Report for National Biodiesel Board

Ali, 1995, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 75, J7654

Sims, 1985, Trans ASAE, 29, 716, 10.13031/2013.32326

Engine Manufacturers Association, 1995

Klopfenstein, 1983, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 60, 81, 10.1007/BF02666592

Ali, 1994, Bioresource Technology, 47, 131, 10.1016/0960-8524(94)90110-4

Scholl, 1993, Soc. Automotive Eng. Technical Paper No. 930934

Chandler, 1992, Soc. Automotive Eng. Technical Paper No. 922186

Midwest Biofuels Inc., 1993, Biodiesel pour point and cold flow study, Report to National Soydiesel Development Board

Schmidt, 1996, Soc. Automotive Eng. Technical Paper No. 961086

Harrington, 1986, Biomass, 9, 1, 10.1016/0144-4565(86)90008-9

Dunn, 1997, Soc. Automotive Eng. Technical Paper No. 971682

Van Gerpen, 1997, Soc. Automotive Eng. Technical Paper No. 971685

Shafer, 1994, Biodiesel research—Mercedes Benz-engine warranty policy, 125

Ryan, 1984, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 61, 1610, 10.1007/BF02541645

Bessee, 1997, Soc. Automotive Eng. Technical Paper No. 971690

Garrett, 1994

Ortech International, 1993, Evaluation of methylsoyate/diesel blend in a DDC 6V-92TA engine: optimization of NOX emissions, Report 93-E14-36

Ortech International, 1993, Evaluation of tallow/diesel blend in a DDC 6V-92TA engine, Report 93-E14-37

1995, Report to National Biodiesel Board, Contract 219-2

1994, Report 260-2 and 241-1

Ali, 1995, Bioresource Technology, 53, 243, 10.1016/0960-8524(95)00092-7

Batelle Institute, 1995, Interim alternative fuel transit bus assessment results, Columbus, OH, Report to National Renewable Energy Laboratory

ATE Management and Service Company, Inc., 1994, Cincinnati metro soydiesel project-100 000 mile field test, Final Report

Daniel, 1994, Link Transit Biodiesel Demonstration Project, 71

Yost, 1994, Biodiesel Research—Spokane Transit Project, 69

Howes, 1995, Evaluation of biodiesel in an urban transit bus powered with a 1988 DDEC II6V92 TA engine

Howes, 1995, Evaluation of biodiesel in an urban transit bus powered with a 1981 DDC 8V-71 engine

Ortech Corporation, 1995, Operation of Cummins N14 diesel on biodiesel: Performance, emissions and durability, Final Report for Phase 1 to National Biodiesel Board, Report No. 95 E11-B004524

Lucas, 1995

Baranescu, 1994, Biodiesel research—engine warranty policy, 102

Koontz, 1994, Biodiesel research—engine warranty policy-cummins, 107

Walker, 1994, Biodiesel research—Detroit diesel-engine warranty policy, 69

Goyal, 1994, Biodiesel research—Deere power-diesel engine durability issues using biodiesel

Fosseen Manufacturing and Development, 1995, 1000 Hour durability testing DDC 6V-92TA DDEC II engine, Final Report to National Biodiesel Board Contract No. 214-1

Ortech Corporation, 1995, Operation of Cummins N14 diesel on biodiesel: Performance, emissions and durability, Final Report for Phase 2 to National Biodiesel Board, Report No. 95 E11-B004524

Blackburn, 1983, Automotive Eng. Technical Paper No. 831355

Macchi, 1991, Overview on Biodiesel Utilization for S + L + H Tractor Engines

Schloegl, 1989

Howell, 1994, Lubricity of biodiesel fuel: Update No. 3

Hawkins, 1983, Soc. Automotive Eng. Technical Paper No. 831356

United States Code of Federal Regulation, Vol. 40, Part 86, Subpart N.

Kortum, 1996, New fuels and fuel additives, Section 211(b) Programs, 30

Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, Section 211.

Coordinating Research Council, 1987, Chemical methods for the measurement of unregulated diesel emissions—carbonyls, aldehydes, particulate characterization, sulfates, PAH/NO2PAH, CRC Report No. 551

Winsor, 1993

McCormick, 1997, Environmental Science and Technology, 31, 1144, 10.1021/es9606438

Bennethum, 1991, Soc. Automotive Eng. Technical Paper No. 912325

Graboski, 1993

Liotta, 1993, Soc. Automotive Eng. Technical Paper No. 932734

Sharp, 1996, Emissions and lubricity evaluation of rapeseed derived biodiesel fuels, Final Report from SWRI to Montana Department of Environmental Quality

Daniels, T. L., McCormick, R. L. and Graboski, M. S. Unpublished results, 1996.

Ullman, 1994, Soc. Automotive Eng. Technical Paper No. 941020

Spreen, 1995, Soc. Automotive Eng. Technical Paper No. 950250

Spreen, 1995, Effects of fuel oxygenates, cetane number, and aromatic content on emissions from 1994 and 1988 prototype heavy duty diesel engines

Peterson, 1996, Soc. Automotive Eng. Technical Paper No. 961114

McDonald, 1994, Methylester oxygenated fuels for diesel mining applications, 116

Schumacher, 1994

Krahl, 1996, Soc. Automotive Eng. Technical Paper No. 962096

Signer, 1996, Soc. Automotive Eng. Technical Paper No.961074

Parker, T. E., Private communication, 1996.

Sato, 1986, 695

Miller, 1989, Prog. Energy Combust. Sci., 15, 287, 10.1016/0360-1285(89)90017-8

Hiroyasu, 1985, 53

United States Code of Federal Regulation, Vol. 40, Part 86, Subpart I.

1995, Report to Iowa Soybean Promotion Board

Shafer, 1996, Environmental and health concerns at Mercedez Benz

Kado, 1996, Toxic compound studies with ethyl and methyl esters