Combustion characteristics of LPG and biodiesel mixed fuel in two blending ratios under compression ignition in a constant volume chamber
Tóm tắt
This study aims to investigate the combustion characteristics of mixed fuel of liquefied propane gas (LPG) and biodiesel under compression ignition (CI) in an effort to develop highly efficient and environmentally friendly mixed fuelbased CI engines. Although LPG fuel is known to be eco-friendly due to its low CO2 emission, LPG has not yet been widely applied for highly efficient CI engines because of its low cetane number and is usually mixed with other types of CI-friendly fuels. In this study, a number of experiments were prepared with a constant volume chamber (CVC) setup to understand the fundamental combustion characteristics of mixed fuel with LPG and biodiesel in two weight-based ratios and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) conditions. The results from the current investigations verify the applicability of mixed fuel of LPG and biodiesel in CI engines with a carefully designed combustion control strategy that maximizes the benefits of the mixed fuel. Based on the results of this study, ignition is improved by increasing the cetane value by using higher blending ratios of biodiesel. As the blending ratios of biodiesel increased, CO and HC decreased and CO2 and NOx increases.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Agarwal, A. and Assanis, D. N. (1998). Multidimensional modeling of natural gas ignition under compression ignition conditions using detailed chemistry. SAE Paper No. 980136.
Bahr, O., Karim, G. A. and Liu, B. (1999). An examination of the flame spread limits in a dual fuel engine. Int. J. Applied Thermal Engineering, 19, 1071–1080.
Cao, J., Bian, Y., Qi, D., Cheng, Q. and Wu, T. (2004). Comparative investigation of diesel and mixed liquefied petroleum gas/diesel injection engines. Proc. IMechE, Part D: J. Automobile Engineering, 218, 557–565.
He, D. and Wang, M. (2000). Contribution feedstock and fuel transportation to total fuel-cycle energy use and emissionsn. SAE Paper No. 2000-01-2976.
Karavalakis, G., Fontaras, G., Bakeas, E. and Stournas, S. (2011). Effect of biodiesel origin on the regulated and PAH emissions from a modern passenger car. SAE Paper No. 2011-01-0615.
Han, Y. C. and Kim, D. J. (1998). Internal Combustion Engine. Munundang. Busan. Korea. 179–203, 259–262.
Iijima, T. and Takeno, T. (1986). Effects of temperature and pressure on burning velocity. Combust and Flame, 65, 35–43.
Jung, K. W. (1999). An Experimental Study on Unregulated Matter in Heavy-duty Diesel Engine with EGR. M. S. Thesis. Kookmin University. Seoul. Korea. 8–9.
Karim, G. A. and Khan, M. O. (1968). Examination of effective rates of combustion heat release in a dual-fuel engine. J. Mechanical Engineering Science, 10, 13–23.
Kim, Y. H., Kim, M. Y., Jeon, H. S. and Lee, C. S. (2004). A study on the characteristics of spray in a LPG direct injection engine. Proc. KSAE Annual Conf., 1, Korean Society of Automotive Engineers, 174–179.
Lee, S. W., Cho, Y. S. and Baik, D. S. (2010). Effect of cetane enhancer on spray and combustion characteristics of compressed ignition type LPG fuel. Int. J. Automotive Technology 11,3, 381–386.
Myung, C. L., Lee, H., Choi, K., Lee, Y. J. and Park, S. S. (2009). Effects of gasoline, diesel, LPG and low-carbon fuels and various certification modes on nanoparticle emission characteristics in light-duty vehicles. Int. J. Automotive Technology 10,5, 537–544.
Oh, S. M., Lee, S. H., Choi, Y., Kang, K. K., Cho, J. H. and Cha, K. O. (2010). Combustion and emission characteristics in a direct injection LPG/gasoline spark ignition engine. SAE Paper No. 2010-01-1461.
Oh, S. M., Lee, S. H., Cho, J. H. and Cha, K. O. (2009). Combustion and emission characteristics in a direct injection LPG/gasoline spark ignition engine. Proc. KSAE Annual Conf., 1, Korean Society of Automotive Engineers, 174–179. (in Korean).
Papagiannakis, R. G. and Hountalas, D. T. (2003). Experimental investigation concerning the effect of natural gas percentage on performance and emissions of a DI dual fuel diesel engine. Int. J. Applied Thermal Engineering, 23, 353–365.
Pirouzpanah, V. and Kashani, B. O. (1999). Prediction of major pollutants emission in direct-injection dual-fuel diesel and natural gas engines. SAE Paper No. 990841.
Plee, S. and Ahmad, T. (1983). Relative roles of premixed and diffusion burning in diesel combustion. SAE Paper No. 831733.
Qi, D. H., Bian, Y. Z., Ma, Z. Y., Zhang, C. H. and Liu, S. Q. (2007). Combustion and exhaust emission characteristics of a compression ignition engine using liquefied petroleum gas-diesel blended fuel. Energy Conversion and Management, 48, 500–509.
Qi, D., Zhou, L. and Liu, S. (2005). Experimental studies on the combustion characteristics and performances of a naturally aspirated, DI diesel engine fueled with LPG/diesel blend. Proc. IMechE, Part D: J. Automobile Engineering, 219, 253–261.
Tilagone, R, Venturi, S. and Monnier, G. (2005). Natural gas — an environmentally friendly fuel for urban vehicles: The SMART demonstrator approach. SAE Paper No. 2005-01-2186.
Snelgrove, D. G., Dupont, P. and Bonetto, R. (1996). An investigation into the influence of LPG (auto-gas) composition on the exhaust emissions and fuel consumption of 3 bi-fuelled Renault vehicles. SAE Paper No. 961170.
Sugiyama, K., Kajiwara, M., Iwama, M., Mori, M., Oguma, M., Kinoshita, K. and Goto, S. (2003). Performance and emissions of DI diesel engine operated with LPG and cetane enhancing additives. SAE Paper No. 2003-01-1920.
Turns, S. (1999). An Introduction to Combustion. 2nd edn. McGraw-Hill. New York. 312–315.
Xu, M., Nishida, K. and Hiroyasu, H. (1992). A practical calculation method for injection pressure and spray penetration in diesel engines. SAE Paper No. 920624.
Zhang, C., Bian, Y., Si, L., Liao, J. and Odbileg, N. (2005). A study on an electronically controlled liquefied petroleum gas-diesel dual-fuel automobile. Proc. IMechE, Part D: J. Automobile Engineering, 219, 207–213.