Combinations of specific DRB1, DQA1, DQB1 haplotypes are associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in sardinia

Bertrams, 1984, Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, 348 Cudworth, 1985, Genetic susceptibility in diabetes mellitus: analysis of the HLA association, Diabetes, 31, 176 Svejgaard, 1982, HLA and disease 1982: a survey, Immunol Rev, 70, 193, 10.1111/j.1600-065X.1983.tb00715.x Thompson, 1984, HLA DR antigens and susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, Am J Hum Genet, 36, 1309 Todd, 1987, HLA-DQB gene contributes to susceptibility and resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, Nature, 329, 599, 10.1038/329599a0 Horn, 1988, Allelic sequence variation of the HLA-DQ loci: relationship to serology and to insulin-dependent diabetes susceptibility, 85, 6012 Rønningen, 1989, The amino acid at position 57 of the HLA-DQβ chain and susceptibility to develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, Hum Immunol, 26, 215, 10.1016/0198-8859(89)90040-2 Dorman, 1990, Worldwide differences in the incidence of type I diabetes are associated with amino acid variation at position 57 of the HLA-DQB chain, 87, 7370 Khalil, 1990, A combination of HLA-DQβ Asp57-negative and HLA-DQα Arg52 confers susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, J Clin Invest, 85, 1315, 10.1172/JCI114569 Caillat-Zucman, 1992, Age-dependent HLA genetic heterogeneity of type I insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, J Clin Invest, 90, 2242, 10.1172/JCI116110 Rowe, 1988, T cell-defined DR4 subtypes as markers for type 1 diabetes, Hum Immunol, 22, 51, 10.1016/0198-8859(88)90051-1 Awata, 1991, Contribution of DRB1 genes to susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Japanese [abst], Diabetes, 40, 153A Sheehy, 1992, HLA and insulin dependent diabetes: a protective perspective, Diabetes, 41, 123, 10.2337/diabetes.41.2.123 Green, 1992, for the EURODIAB ACE Study Group: Incidence of childhood-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: the Eurodiab Ace Study, Lancet, 339, 905, 10.1016/0140-6736(92)90938-Y Muntoni, 1992, Sardinian collaborative group for epidemiology of IDDM: high incidence rate of IDDM in Sardinia, Diabetes Care, 15, 1317, 10.2337/diacare.15.10.1317 Contu, 1992, HLA structure of the Sardinian population: a haplotype study of 551 families, Tissue Antigens, 40, 165, 10.1111/j.1399-0039.1992.tb02041.x Cavalli-Sforza, 1993, Human genomic diversity in Europe: a summary of recent research and prospects for the future, Eur J Hum Genet, 1, 3, 10.1159/000472383 Higuchi, 1989, Simple and rapid preparation of samples for PCR, 31 Saiki, 1988, Primer-directed enzymatic amplification of DNA with thermostable DNA polymerase, Science, 239, 487, 10.1126/science.2448875 Erlich, 1989, HLA class II gene polymorphism: DNA typing, evolution, and relationship to disease susceptibility, 193 Horn, 1988, Allelic sequence variation of the HLA-DQ loci: relationship to serology and to insulin-dependent diabetes susceptibility, 85, 6012 Bugawan, 1991, Rapid typing of HLA-DQB1 DNA polymorphism using nonradioactive oligonucleotide probes and amplified DNA, Immunogenetics, 33, 163, 10.1007/BF01719235 Wordsworth, 1990, HLA-DR typing using DNA amplification by the polymerase chain reaction and sequential hybridization to sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes, Immunogenetics, 32, 413, 10.1007/BF00241635 Bugawan, 1989, A combination of a particular HLA-DPB allele and an HLA-DQ heterodimer confers susceptibility to coeliac disease, Nature, 339, 470, 10.1038/339470a0 Petersdorf, 1991, Ten DR4 HLA alleles defined by sequence polymorphism within the DRB1 first domain, Immunogenetics, 33, 267, 10.1007/BF00230505 Gyllensten, 1988, Generation of single-strand DNA by the polymerase chain reaction and its application to direct sequencing of the HLA-DQA locus, 85, 7652 Rommens, 1990, Rapid nonradioactive detection of the major cystic fibrosis mutation, Am J Hum Genet, 46, 395 Cucca, 1993, A novel HLA-DQB1 allele: evidence for gene conversion event promoted by χ-like sequence at DQB1 locus, Tissue Antigens, 10.1111/j.1399-0039.1993.tb02017.x Begovich, 1992, Polymorphism, recombination, and linkage disequilibrium within the HLA class II region, J Immunol, 148, 249, 10.4049/jimmunol.148.1.249 Congia, 1992, A high frequency of the A30, B18, DR3, DRw52, DQw2 extended haplotype in Sardinian celiac disease patients: further evidence that disease susceptibility is conferred by DQA1∗0501, B1∗0201, Tissue Antigens, 39, 78, 10.1111/j.1399-0039.1992.tb01911.x Carcassi, 1991, A new HLA-extended haplotype is involved in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus susceptibility, Hum Immunol, 31, 159, 10.1016/0198-8859(91)90021-Z Carcassi, 1992, A novel HLA-DR4 haplotype generated by a rare recombination event between DRB1 and DQA1 loci, Immunogenetics, 36, 338, 10.1007/BF00215664 Fenske, 1992, Characterization of a novel DQB1 allele associated with HLA-DQw3: implication for oligotyping, Hum Immunol, 33, 224, 10.1016/0198-8859(92)90075-X La Nasa, 1990, Serological and molecular studies of HLA in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Sardinia, Dis Markers, 8, 333 Degli-Esposti, 1992, Ancestral haplotypes: conserved population MHC haplotypes, Hum Immunol, 34, 242, 10.1016/0198-8859(92)90023-G Marsh, 1992, HLA class II nucleotide sequences, 1992, Tissue Antigens, 40, 229, 10.1111/j.1399-0039.1992.tb02050.x Rønningen, 1992, HLA class II association in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus among blacks, Caucasoids and Japanese, vol. 1, 713 Ju, 1991, A simple nonradioactive method of DNA typing for subsets of HLA-DR4: prevalence data on HLA DR4 subsets in three diabetic population groups, Hum Immunol, 31, 251, 10.1016/0198-8859(91)90096-R Bugawan, 1992, Analysis of HLA class II alleles and insulin dependent diabetes mellitus in Mexican-American families, Hum Immunol, 34, 137 Morales, 1991, High frequency of the HLA DRB1∗0405-(Dw 15)-DQw8 haplotype in Spaniards and its relationship to diabetes susceptibility, Hum Immunol, 32, 170, 10.1016/0198-8859(91)90053-C Oudshoorn, 1991, Unusual HLA DR, DQ haplotypes found in South African families of black,Asian Indian, and mixed ancestral origin, Hum Immunol, 31, 14, 10.1016/0198-8859(91)90043-9 Rubinstein, 1990, No excess of DR∗3,4 in Hashkenazi Jewish or Hispanic IDDM patients, Diabetes, 39, 1138, 10.2337/diabetes.39.9.1138 Rubinstein, 1991, HLA and IDDM: facts and speculations on the disease gene and its mode of inheritance, Hum Immunol, 30, 70, 10.1016/0198-8859(91)90006-U Rotter, 1983, HLA genotypic study of insulin dependent diabetes: the excess of DR3/DR4 heterozygotes allows rejection of the recessive hypothesis, Diabetes, 32, 169, 10.2337/diabetes.32.2.169 Muntoni, 1992, The HLA-DQB1∗0502 allele is neutrally associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in the Sardinian population, Tissue Antigens, 39, 262, 10.1111/j.1399-0039.1992.tb01945.x Rønningen, 1991, Distribution of HLA-DRB1, -DQA1 and -DQB1 alleles and DQA1-DQB1 genotypes among Norwegian patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, Tissue Antigens, 37, 105, 10.1111/j.1399-0039.1991.tb01854.x Gutierrez-Lopez, 1992, Susceptibility to type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in Spanish patients correlates quantitatively with expression of HLA-DQα Arg52 and HLA-DQβ non-Asp57 alleles, Diabetologia, 35, 583, 10.1007/BF00400488 Heinberg, 1992, Complementation of HLA DQA and DQB genes confers susceptibility and protection to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, Hum Immunol, 33, 10, 10.1016/0198-8859(92)90046-P Mazzilli, 1992, A study of Italian pediatric celiac disease patients confirms that the primary HLA association is to the DQ (α1∗0501, β1∗0201) heterodimer, Hum Immunol, 33, 133, 10.1016/0198-8859(92)90064-T Lee, 1990, HLA-DR, DQ antigens in north American Caucasians, Tissue Antigens, 35, 64, 10.1111/j.1399-0039.1990.tb01758.x Brown, 1988, A hypothetical model of the foreign antigen binding site of class II histocompatibility molecules, Nature, 332, 845, 10.1038/332845a0 Krieger, 1991, Single aminoacid changes in DR and antigen define residues critical for peptide-MHC binding and T cell recognition, J Immunol, 146, 2331, 10.4049/jimmunol.146.7.2331 Ong, 1991, Critical role for the Val/Gly86 HLA DRB dimorphism in autoantigen presentation to human T cells, 88, 7343