Colonial immigrant literacy: An economic analysis of Pennsylvania-German evidence, 1727–1775

Adams, 1970, Some Evidence on English and American Wage Rates, 1790–1830, Journal of Economic History, 30, 499, 10.1017/S0022050700086228 Bailyn, 1960 Beales, 1978, Studying Literacy at the Community Level: A Research Note, Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 9, 93, 10.2307/203670 Becker, 1980 Book of Redemptioners, 1785–1804. Manuscript held at the Pennsylvania Historical Society, Philadelphia. Craig, 1981, The Expansion of Education, Review of Research in Education, 9, 151, 10.2307/1167185 Cremin, 1970 Cressy, 1977, Levels of Illiteracy in England, 1530–1730, Historical Journal, 20, 1, 10.1017/S0018246X00010918 Cressy, 1980 Department of Commerce, 1975 Diffenderffer, 1899, The German Immigration into Pennsylvania Through the Port of Philadelphia, and The Redemptioners pt. 7 of The German Influence in its Settlement and Development, Pennsylvania German Society, 10, 1 Galenson, 1977, Agreements to Serve in America and the West Indies, 1727–1731, Genealogists' Magazine, 19, 40 Galenson, 1979, Literacy and the Social Origins of Some Early Americans, Historical Journal, 22, 75, 10.1017/S0018246X0001668X Galenson, 1981, Literacy and Age in Preindustrial England: Quantitative Evidence and Implications, Economic Development and Cultural Change, 29, 813, 10.1086/451293 Galenson, 1981 Greenwood, 1975, Research on Internal Migration in the United States: A Survey, Journal of Economic Literature, 13, 397 Grubb, 1985, The Social Origins of Eighteenth-Century German Immigrants Kaminkow, 1964 Kilpatrick, 1912 Lockridge, 1974 Maynes, 1977, Schooling the Masses: A Comparative Social History of Education in France and Germany, 1750–1850 Muhlenberg, 1942 Pindyck, 1976 Record of Indentures of Individuals Bound Out as Apprentices, Servants, etc. and of Germans and Other Redemptioners in the Office of the Mayor of the City of Philadelphia October 3, 1771, to October 5, 1773. Manuscript held at the City Archives of Philadelphia. Rupp, 1898 Schlosser, 1844 Schofield, 1968, The Measurement of Literacy in Pre-Industrial England, 311 Schofield, 1973, Dimensions of Illiteracy, 1750–1850, Explorations in Economic History, 10, 437, 10.1016/0014-4983(73)90026-0 Soltow, 1981 1838 Strassburger, 1934, Pennsylvania German Pioneers Thernstrom, 1973 Tully, 1972, Literacy Levels and Educational Development in Rural Pennsylvania 1729–1775, Pennsylvania History, 39, 301 Weber, 1905 Wells, 1978, On the Danger of Constructing Artificial Cohorts in Times of Rapid Social Change, Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 9, 103, 10.2307/203671 West, 1978, Literacy and the Industrial Revolution, Economic History Review, 31, 369, 10.1111/j.1468-0289.1978.tb00292.x Wokeck, 1981, The Flow and Composition of German Immigration to Philadelphia, 1727–1775, Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, 105, 249 Wright, 1957