Cold Rydberg Atoms

Advances in Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics - Tập 54 - Trang 131-202 - 2007
J.-H. Choi1, B. Knuffman1, T. Cubel Liebisch1, A. Reinhard1, G. Raithel1
1FOCUS Center, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1040

Tài liệu tham khảo

Afrousheh, 2004, Spectroscopic observation of resonant electric dipole–dipole interactions between cold Rydberg atoms, Phys. Rev. Lett., 93, 233001, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.233001 Akulin, 1999, Level-band problem and many-body effects in cold Rydberg atoms, Phys. D, 131, 125, 10.1016/S0167-2789(98)00224-3 Amoretti, 2002, Production and detection of cold antihydrogen atoms, Nature, 419, 456, 10.1038/nature01096 Anderson, 2002, Dephasing of resonant energy transfer in a cold Rydberg gas, Phys. Rev. A, 65, 063404, 10.1103/PhysRevA.65.063404 Anderson, 1998, Resonant dipole–dipole energy transfer in a nearly frozen Rydberg gas, Phys. Rev. Lett., 80, 249, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.249 Ates, 2006, Strong interaction effects on the atom counting statistics of ultracold Rydberg gases, J. Phys. B, 39, L233, 10.1088/0953-4075/39/11/L02 Bergmann, 1998, Coherent population transfer among quantum states of atoms and molecules, Rev. Mod. Phys., 70, 1003, 10.1103/RevModPhys.70.1003 Bethe, 1957 Bouchoule, 2002, Spin squeezing of atoms by the dipole interaction in virtually excited Rydberg states, Phys. Rev. A, 65, 041803(R), 10.1103/PhysRevA.65.041803 Bucksbaum, 1988, High-intensity Kapitza–Dirac effect, Phys. Rev. Lett., 61, 1182, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.61.1182 Carroll, 2004, Angular dependence of the dipole–dipole interaction in a nearly one-dimensional sample of Rydberg atoms, Phys. Rev. Lett., 93, 153001, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.153001 Côté, 2000, From classical mobility to hopping conductivity: Charge hopping in an ultracold gas, Phys. Rev. Lett., 85, 5316, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.5316 Choi, 2005, Landau quantization and time dependence in the ionization of cold, strongly-magnetized Rydberg atoms, Phys. Rev. Lett., 95, 253005, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.253005 Choi, 2005, Magnetic trapping of long-lived cold Rydberg atoms, Phys. Rev. Lett., 95, 243001, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.243001 Choi, 2006, Magnetic trapping of strongly-magnetized Rydberg atoms, European J. Phys. D, 10.1140/epjd/e2006-00086-2 Chu, 1986, Experimental observation of optically trapped atoms, Phys. Rev. Lett., 57, 314, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.57.314 Cubel, 2005, Coherent population transfer of ground-state atoms into Rydberg states, Phys. Rev. A, 72, 023405, 10.1103/PhysRevA.72.023405 de Oliveira, 2003, Rydberg cold collisions dominated by ultralong range potential, Phys. Rev. Lett., 90, 143002, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.143002 Dutta, 2001, High-angular-momentum states in cold Rydberg gases, Phys. Rev. Lett., 86, 3993, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.3993 Dutta, 2000, Ponderomotive optical lattice for Rydberg atoms, Phys. Rev. Lett., 85, 5551, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.5551 Farooqi, 2003, Long-range molecular resonances in a cold Rydberg gas, Phys. Rev. Lett., 91, 183002, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.183002 Feldbaum, 2002, Coulomb expansion of laser-excited ion plasmas, Phys. Rev. Lett., 89, 173004, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.173004 Frasier, 1999, Resonant processes in a frozen gas, Phys. Rev. A, 59, 4358, 10.1103/PhysRevA.59.4358 Friedrich, 1998 Gabbanini, 1998, Partial photoionization cross section measurement in a Rb magneto-optical trap, J. Phys. B, 31, 4143, 10.1088/0953-4075/31/18/012 Gabrielse, 2002, Background-free observation of cold antihydrogen with field-ionization analysis of its states, Phys. Rev. Lett., 89, 213401, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.213401 Gabrielse, 2002, Driven production of cold antihydrogen and the first measured distribution of antihydrogen states, Phys. Rev. Lett., 89, 233401, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.233401 Gallagher, 1994 Glinsky, 1991, Guiding center atoms: Three-body recombination in a strongly magnetized plasma, Phys. Fluids B, 3, 1279, 10.1063/1.859820 Guest, 2005, Laser cooling and magnetic trapping at several tesla, Phys. Rev. Lett., 94, 073003, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.073003 Guest, 2003, Decay rates of high-|m| Rydberg states in strong magnetic fields, Phys. Rev. A, 68, 022509, 10.1103/PhysRevA.68.022509 Guest, 2003, High-|m| Rydberg states in strong magnetic fields, Phys. Rev. A, 68, 052502, 10.1103/PhysRevA.68.052502 Hansis, 2005, Simple pressure-tuned Fabry–Pérot interferometer, Rev. Sci. Instrum., 76, 033105, 10.1063/1.1866237 Hyafil, 2004, Coherence-preserving trap architecture for long-term control of giant Rydberg atoms, Phys. Rev. Lett., 93, 103001, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.103001 Ichimaru, 1982, Strongly coupled plasmas, Rev. Mod. Phys., 54, 1017, 10.1103/RevModPhys.54.1017 Jackson, 1999 Jaksch, 2000, Fast quantum gates for neutral atoms, Phys. Rev. Lett., 85, 2208, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.2208 Johnson, 1983, Interaction of atoms, molecules, and ions with constant electric and magnetic fields, Rev. Mod. Phys., 55, 109, 10.1103/RevModPhys.55.109 Killian, 1999, Creation of an ultracold neutral plasma, Phys. Rev. Lett., 83, 4776, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.4776 Killian, 2001, Formation of Rydberg atoms in an expanding ultracold neutral plasma, Phys. Rev. Lett., 86, 3759, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.3759 Knuffman, 2006, Emission of fast atoms from a cold Rydberg gas, Phys. Rev. A, 73, 020704(R), 10.1103/PhysRevA.73.020704 Kulin, 2000, Plasma oscillations and expansion of an ultracold neutral plasma, Phys. Rev. Lett., 85, 318, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.318 Kuzmin, 2002, Numerical simulation of ultracold plasmas: How rapid intrinsic heating limits the development of correlation, Phys. Rev. Lett., 88, 065003, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.065003 Landau, 1977 Lee, 1996, Single-beam atom trap in a pyramidal and conical hollow mirror, Opt. Lett., 21, 1177, 10.1364/OL.21.001177 Lesanovsky, 2005, Magnetic trapping of ultracold Rydberg atoms, Phys. Rev. Lett., 95, 053001, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.053001 Li, 2004, Evolution dynamics of a dense frozen Rydberg gas to plasma, Phys. Rev. A, 70, 042713, 10.1103/PhysRevA.70.042713 Li, 2005, Dipole–dipole excitation and ionization in an ultracold gas of Rydberg atoms, Phys. Rev. Lett., 94, 173001, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.173001 Liebisch, 2005, Atom counting statistics in ensembles of interacting Rydberg atoms, Phys. Rev. Lett., 95, 253002, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.253002 Lowell, 2002, Measurement of the photoionization cross section of the 5S1/2 state of Rubidium, Phys. Rev. A, 66, 62704, 10.1103/PhysRevA.66.062704 Lu, 1996, Low-velocity intense source of atoms from a magneto-optical trap, Phys. Rev. Lett., 77, 3331, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.3331 Lukin, 2003, Colloquium: trapping and manipulating photon states in atomic ensembles, Rev. Mod. Phys., 75, 457, 10.1103/RevModPhys.75.457 Lukin, 2001, Dipole blockade and quantum information processing in mesoscopic atomic ensembles, Phys. Rev. Lett., 87, 037901, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.037901 Mandel, 1979, Sub-Poissonian photon statistics in resonance fluorescence, Opt. Lett., 4, 205, 10.1364/OL.4.000205 Mansbach, 1969, Monte Carlo trajectory calculations of atomic excitation and ionization by thermal electrons, Phys. Rev. A, 181, 275, 10.1103/PhysRev.181.275 Mazevet, 2002, Evolution of ultracold neutral plasmas, Phys. Rev. Lett., 88, 055001, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.055001 Metcalf, 1999 Mossberg, 1977, Tri-level echoes, Phys. Rev. Lett., 39, 1523, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.39.1523 Mourachko, 1998, Many-body effects in a frozen Rydberg gas, Phys. Rev. Lett., 80, 253, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.253 Mudrich, 2005, Back and forth transfer and coherent coupling in a cold Rydberg dipole gas, Phys. Rev. Lett., 95, 233002, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.233002 Murillo, 2001, Using Fermi statistics to create strongly coupled ion plasmas in atom traps, Phys. Rev. Lett., 87, 115003, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.115003 Myatt, 1996, Multiply loaded magneto-optical trap, Opt. Lett., 21, 290, 10.1364/OL.21.000290 Osnaghi, 2001, Coherent control of an atomic collision in a cavity, Phys. Rev. Lett., 87, 037902, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.037902 Petrich, 1994, Behavior of atoms in a compressed magneto-optical trap, J. Opt. Soc. Amer. B, 11, 1332, 10.1364/JOSAB.11.001332 Pohl, 2003, Plasma formation from ultracold Rydberg gases, Phys. Rev. A, 68, 010703(R), 10.1103/PhysRevA.68.010703 Raab, 1987, High-angular-momentum states in cold Rydberg gases, Phys. Rev. Lett., 59, 2631, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.59.2631 Raimond, 2001, Manipulating quantum entanglement with atoms and photons in a cavity, Rev. Mod. Phys., 73, 565, 10.1103/RevModPhys.73.565 Raithel, 1995, Observation of high angular momentum states of Rydberg atoms in strong magnetic and weak crossed electric fields, J. Phys. B, 28, 1687, 10.1088/0953-4075/28/9/008 Robicheaux, 2005, Ionization due to the interaction between two Rydberg atoms, J. Phys. B, 38, S333, 10.1088/0953-4075/38/2/024 Robicheaux, 2002, Simulation of the expansion of an ultracold neutral plasma, Phys. Rev. Lett., 88, 055002, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.055002 Robicheaux, 2003, Simulated expansion of an ultra-cold, neutral plasma, Phys. Plasmas, 10, 2217, 10.1063/1.1573213 Robicheaux, 2005, Many-body wave function in a dipole blockade configuration, Phys. Rev. A, 72, 063403, 10.1103/PhysRevA.72.063403 Robicheaux, 2004, Simulation of coherent interactions between Rydberg atoms, Phys. Rev. A, 70, 042703, 10.1103/PhysRevA.70.042703 Robinson, 2000, Spontaneous evolution of Rydberg atoms into an ultracold plasma, Phys. Rev. Lett., 85, 4466, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.4466 Saffman, 2002, Creating single-atom and single-photon sources from entangled atomic ensembles, Phys. Rev. A, 66, 065403, 10.1103/PhysRevA.66.065403 Saffman, 2005, Analysis of a quantum logic device based on dipole–dipole interactions of optically trapped Rydberg atoms, Phys. Rev. A, 72, 022347, 10.1103/PhysRevA.72.022347 Schlosser, 2001, Sub-Poissonian loading of single atoms in a microscopic dipole trap, Nature, 411, 1024, 10.1038/35082512 Sebby-Strabley, 2005, High-density mesoscopic atom clouds in a holographic atom trap, Phys. Rev. A, 71, 21401, 10.1103/PhysRevA.71.021401 Shore, 1992, Laser-induced population transfer in multistate systems: A comparative study, Phys. Rev. A, 45, 5297, 10.1103/PhysRevA.45.5297 Simien, 2004, Using absorption imaging to study ion dynamics in an ultracold neutral plasma, Phys. Rev. Lett., 92, 143001, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.143001 Singer, 2004, Suppression of excitation and spectral broadening induced by interactions in a cold gas of Rydberg atoms, Phys. Rev. Lett., 93, 163001, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.163001 Sørensen, 2004, Capacitive coupling of atomic systems to mesoscopic conductors, Phys. Rev. Lett., 92, 063601, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.063601 Stebbings, 1983 Swanson, 1998, Efficient transfer in a double magneto-optical trap system, J. Opt. Soc. Amer. B, 15, 2641, 10.1364/JOSAB.15.002641 Teo, 2003, Autler–Townes spectroscopy of the 5s1/2–5p3/2–44d cascade of cold 85Rb atoms, Phys. Rev. A, 68, 053407, 10.1103/PhysRevA.68.053407 Tong, 2004, Local blockade of Rydberg excitation in an ultracold gas, Phys. Rev. Lett., 93, 063001, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.063001 Vanhaecke, 2005, Ionization of Rydberg atoms embedded in an ultracold plasma, Phys. Rev. A, 71, 013416, 10.1103/PhysRevA.71.013416 Vitrant, 1982, Rydberg to plasma evolution in a dense gas of very excited atoms, J. Phys. B, 15, L49, 10.1088/0022-3700/15/2/004 Vrinceanu, 2004, Strongly magnetized antihydrogen and its field ionization, Phys. Rev. Lett., 92, 133402, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.133402 Walz-Flannigan, 2002, l-changing collisions in cold Rydberg gases Walz-Flannigan, 2004 Walz-Flannigan, 2004, Cold-Rydberg-gas dynamics, Phys. Rev. A, 69, 063405, 10.1103/PhysRevA.69.063405 Wang, 1989, Quantal description of diamagnetic quasi-Landau-resonances, Phys. Rev. A, 40, 742, 10.1103/PhysRevA.40.742 Williamson, 1998, A magneto-optical trap loaded from a pyramidal funnel, Optics Express, 3, 111, 10.1364/OE.3.000111 Wiza, 1979, Microchannel plate detectors, Nuclear Instr. Methods, 162 Zheng, 2000, Efficient scheme for two-atom entanglement and quantum information processing in cavity QED, Phys. Rev. Lett., 85, 2392, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.2392 Zimmerman, 1979, Stark structure of the Rydberg states of alkali-metal atoms, Phys. Rev. A, 20, 2251, 10.1103/PhysRevA.20.2251