Các quá trình nhận thức trong liệu pháp nhận thức và dược lý

Cognitive Therapy and Research - Tập 33 Số 6 - Trang 570-584 - 2009
Tryon, Warren W.1
1Department of Psychology, Fordham University, Bronx, USA

Tóm tắt

Có sự quan tâm ngày càng tăng trong việc hiểu các cơ chế mà qua đó các liệu pháp hiệu quả hoạt động. Quan điểm từ khoa học thần kinh nhận thức được trình bày ở đây góp phần làm rõ cơ chế rằng các liệu pháp được hỗ trợ bằng thực nghiệm cho lo âu và trầm cảm hoạt động như thế nào và nó cung cấp thông tin cho giả thuyết tính đặc hiệu nhận thức. Những phát hiện cơ bản về khoa học thần kinh liên quan đến truyền dẫn synap và tính dẻo đặc phụ thuộc kinh nghiệm được trình bày vì chúng tạo thành cơ sở của học tập và trí nhớ và cho phép hiểu tốt hơn về tác động của các loại thuốc tâm thần đối với hệ limbic. Các nguyên tắc của mô hình kết nối được thảo luận vì chúng cung cấp thêm thông tin về cơ chế. Một sự tổng quát của mô hình S-O-R vào một mô hình mạng được trình bày. Một giải thích từ kết nối về cách mà các mạng chuyển đổi cảm nhận thành nhận thức được cung cấp. Thông tin này được sử dụng để hiểu rõ hơn cách mà placebo và nocebo hoạt động. Các ứng dụng lâm sàng được thực hiện đối với PTSD, lo âu, trầm cảm và các liệu pháp được hỗ trợ bằng thực nghiệm của chúng. Giả thuyết tính đặc hiệu nhận thức được xem xét lại từ quan điểm khoa học thần kinh nhận thức kết nối này. Thông tin về cơ chế liên quan đến tác động của thuốc lên nhận thức, độ sâu của sự thay đổi nhận thức và tính bền vững của tác động điều trị được trình bày. Các hệ quả và kết luận theo sau.

Từ khóa

#các cơ chế #liệu pháp hiệu quả #thần kinh nhận thức #đặc hiệu nhận thức #thuốc tâm thần #mô hình kết nối #placebo #nocebo #PTSD #lo âu #trầm cảm

Tài liệu tham khảo

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