Climate impact on fluvial-lake system evolution, Eocene Green River Formation, Uinta Basin, Utah, USA

Bulletin of the Geological Society of America - Tập 132 Số 3-4 - Trang 562-587 - 2020
Lauren P. Birgenheier1, Michael D. Vanden Berg2, Piret Plink‐Björklund3, Ryan D. Gall1, Ellen M. Rosencrans1, Morgan J. Rosenberg1, Leah Toms1, Jesse L. Morris1
1University of Utah, Geology and Geophysics Department, 115S 1460E, Room 383, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0102, USA
2Utah Geological Survey, 1594 West North Temple, Salt Lake City, Utah 84114-6100, USA
3Colorado School of Mines, Geology and Geological Engineering Department, 1516 Illinois Street, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA

Tóm tắt

AbstractIn light of a modern understanding of early Eocene greenhouse climate fluctuations and new highly seasonal fluvial system faces models, the role of climate in the evolution of one classically-cited continental, terminal lake system is re-examined. Detailed stratigraphic description and elemental abundance data from fifteen cores and seven outcrop regions of the Green River Formation were used to construct a ∼150 km cross section across the Uinta Basin, Utah, USA. Lake Uinta in the Uinta Basin is divided into five lake phases: (1) post-Paleocene Eocene Thermal Maximum, (2) peak Eocene hyperthermal, (3) waning hyperthermal, Early Eocene Climatic Optimum (EECO), (4) post-hyperthermal, and (5) post-EECO regimes, based primarily on climatically driven changes in fluvial style in combination with sedimentary indicators of lacustrine carbonate deposition, organic matter preservation, salinity, and lake depth. Basinwide siliciclastic dominated intervals were deposited by highly seasonal fluvial systems and record negative organic carbon isotope excursions associated with early Eocene abrupt, transient global warming (hyperthermal) events. Carbonate dominated or organic rich intervals record stable, less seasonal climate periods between hyperthermals, with lower siliciclastic sediment supply allowing the development of carbonate and organic matter preservation. The stratigraphic progression from alternating organic rich and lean zones to the overlying organic rich Mahogany and R8 zones represents the global transition out of the pulsed early Eocene hyperthermal climate regime to a time of sediment starvation and lake stratification, sequestering sedimentary organic carbon. This study provides a novel approach to terrestrial paleoclimate reconstruction that relies largely on unique sedimentary indicators and secondarily on isotopic proxy records within the context of a large basin-wide sedimentologic and stratigraphic data set, thus setting the stage for future detailed geochemical terrestrial paleoclimate proxy development.

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Bulletin of the Geological Society of America

Tập 132 Số 3-4

562-587

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