Class II treatment by extraction of maxillary first molars or Herbst appliance: dentoskeletal and soft tissue effects in comparison
Tóm tắt
To compare dentoskeletal and soft tissue treatment effects of two alternative Class II division 1 treatment modalities (maxillary first permanent molar extraction versus Herbst appliance). One-hundred-fifty-four Class II division 1 patients that had either been treated with extractions of the upper first molars and a lightwire multibracket (MB) appliance (n = 79; 38 girls, 41 boys) or non-extraction by means of a Herbst-MB appliance (n = 75; 35 girls, 40 boys). The groups were matched on age and sex. The average age at the start of treatment was 12.7 years for the extraction and for 13.0 years for the Herbst group. Pretreatment (T1) and posttreatment (T2) lateral cephalograms were retrospectively analyzed using a standard cephalometric analysis and the sagittal occlusal analysis according to Pancherz. The SNA decrease was 1.10° (p = 0.001) more pronounced in the extraction group, the SNB angle increased 1.49° more in the Herbst group (p = 0.000). In the extraction group, a decrease in SNB angle (0.49°) was observed. The soft tissue profile convexity (N-Sn-Pog) decreased in both groups, which was 0.78° more (n. s.) pronounced in the Herbst group. The nasolabial angle increased significantly more (+ 2.33°, p = 0.025) in the extraction group. The mechanism of overjet correction in the extraction group was predominantly dental (65% dental and 35% skeletal changes), while in the Herbst group it was predominantly skeletal (58% skeletal and 42% dental changes) in origin. Both treatment methods were successful and led to a correction of the Class II division 1 malocclusion. Whereas for upper first molar extraction treatment more dental and maxillary effects can be expected, in case of Herbst treatment skeletal and mandibular effects prevail.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Al-Nimri KS (2006) Vertical changes in class II division 1 malocclusion after premolar extractions. Angle Orthod 76:52–58
Anderson BD (1975) Multiple extraction patterns in severe discrepancy cases. Angle Orthod 45:291–303
Basciftci FA, Usumez S (2003) Effects of extraction and nonextraction treatment on class I and class II subjects. Angle Orthod 73:36–42
Basdra EK, Stellzig A, Komposch G (1996) Extraction of maxillary second molars in the treatment of Class II malocclusion. Angle Orthod 66:287–292
Bishara SE, Cummins DM, Zaher AR (1997) Treatment and posttreatment changes in patients with Class II, Division 1 malocclusion after extraction and nonextraction treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 111:18–27
Bishara SE, Cummins DM, Jakobsen JR (1995) The morphologic basis for the extraction decision in Class II, division 1 malocclusions: a comparative study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 107:129–135
Bishara SE (1998) Mandibular changes in persons with untreated and treated Class II division 1 malocclusion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 113:661–673
Bishara SE, Zaher AR, Cummins DM et al (1994) Effects of orthodontic treatment on the growth of individuals with Class II division 1 malocclusion. Angle Orthod 64:221–230
Bock N, Pancherz H (2006) Herbst treatment of Class II division 1 malocclusions in retrognathic and prognathic facial types. Angle Orthod 76:930–941
Bokas J, Collett T (2006) Effect of upper premolar extractions on the position of the upper lip. Aust Orthod J 22:31–37
Booij JW, Goeke J, Bronkhorst EM et al (2011) Overjet correction and space closure mechanisms for Class II treatment by extracting the maxillary first molars. J Orofac Orthop 72:196–203
Booij JW, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM, Katsaros C (2009) A treatment method for Class II division 1 patients with extraction of permanent maxillary first molars. World J Orthod 10:41–48
Bravo LA, Canut JA, Pascual A et al (1997) Comparison of the changes in facial profile after orthodontic treatment, with and without extractions. Br J Orthod 24:25–34
Cudovic B (1998) Orthodontic treatment of a Class II, 1 malocclusion including extractions of the 4 first molars. J Orofac Orthop 59:186–191
Darendeliler N, Taner L (2006) Changes in the soft tissue profile after extraction orthodontic therapy. J Dent Child 73:164–169
Erdinc AE, Nanda RS, Dandajena TC (2007) Profile changes of patients treated with and without premolar extractions. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 132:324–331
Flores-Mir C, Major MP (2006) Soft tissue changes with fixed functional appliances in Class II division 1. Angle Orthod 76:712–720
Goeke J (2009) Dentale und skelettofaziale Veränderungen zweier Therapieformen der Klasse II/1. Begg-technik versus Herbst-Behandlung. Eine röntgenkephalometrische Untersuchung. Med Diss (Giessen)
Katsaros C, Ripplinger B, Hoegel A et al (1996) The influence of extraction versus nonextraction orthodontic treatment on the soft tissue profile. J Orofac Orthop 57:354–365
Katsaros C (1996) Profile changes following extraction vs. nonextraction orthodontic treatment in a pair of identical twins. J Orofac Orthop 57:56–59
Lo FD, Hunter WS (1982) Changes in nasolabial angle related to maxillary incisor retraction. Am J Orthod 82:384–391
Looi LK, Mills JR (1986) The effect of two contrasting forms of orthodontic treatment on the facial profile. Am J Orthod 89:507–517
Luppanapornlarp S, Johnston LE Jr (1993) The effects of premolar-extraction: a long-term comparison of outcomes in “clear-cut” extraction and nonextraction Class II patients. Angle Orthod 63:257–272
Nelson B, Hägg U, Hansen K, Bendeus M (2007) A long-term follow-up study of Class II malocclusion correction after treatment with Class II elastics or fixed functional appliances. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 132:499–503
Nelson B, Hansen K, Hägg U (2000) Class II correction in patients treated with class II elastics and with fixed functional appliances: a comparative study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 118:142–149
O’Brien K, Wright J, Conboy F et al (2003) Effectiveness of treatment for Class II malocclusion with the Herbst or twin-block appliances: a randomized, controlled trial. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 124:128–137
Pancherz H, Ruf S (2008) The Herbst-appliance. Research-based clinical management. Quintessence, Berlin
Pancherz H (1982) The mechanism of Class II correction in Herbst appliance treatment. Am J Orthod 82:104–113
Pancherz H (1979) Treatment of class II malocclusions by jumping the bite with the Herbst appliance. A cephalometric investigation. Am J Orthod 76:423–442
Pancherz H, Anehus-Pancherz M (1994) Facial profile changes during and after Herbst appliance treatment. Eur J Orthod 16:275–286
Paquette DE, Beattie JR, Johnston LE (1992) A longterm comparison of nonextraction and premolar extraction edgewise therapy in “borderline” Class II patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 102:1–14
Peterson JE, McNamara JA (2003) Temporomandibular joint adaptations associated with Herbst appliance treatment in juvenile Rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Sem Orthod 9:12–25
Ricketts RM (1960) The influence of orthodontic treatment on facial growth and development. Angle Orthod 30:103–133
Ruf S, Pancherz H (1999) Dentoskeletal effects and facial profile changes in young adults treated with the Herbst appliance. Angle Orthod 69:239–246
Ruf S, Pancherz H (1998) Temporomandibular joint growth adaptation in Herbst treatment. A prospective MRI and cephalometric roentgenographic study. Eur J Orthod 20:375–388
Ruf S, Pancherz H (1999) Dentoskeletal effects and facial profile changes in young adults treated with the Herbst appliance. Angle Orthod 69:239–246
Ruf S, Pancherz H (1999) Temporomandibular joint remodeling in adolescents and young adults during Herbst treatment: a prospective longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging and cephalometric radiographic investigation. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 115:607–618
Ruf S, Pancherz H (1996) The effect of Herbst appliance treatment on the mandibular plane angle: a cephalometric roentgenographic study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 110:225–229
Sandler PJ, Atkinson R, Murray AM (2000) For four sixes. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 117:418–434
Schaefer AT, McNamara JA Jr, Franchi L et al (2004) A cephalometric comparison of treatment with the Twin-block and stainless steel crown Herbst appliances followed by fixed appliance therapy. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 126:7–15
Skidmore KJ, Brook KJ, Thomson WM et al (2006) Factors influencing treatment time in orthodontic patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 129:230–238
Stalpers MJ, Booij JW, Bronkhorst EM et al (2007) Extraction of maxillary first permanent molars in patients with Class II Division 1 malocclusion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 132:316–323
Vig PS, Weintraub JA, Brown C et al (1990) The duration of orthodontic treatment with and without extractions: a pilot study of five selected practices. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 97:45–51
Weichbrodt L, Ingervall B (1992) Treatment of Class II, div. 1 malocclusion with the activator and with the Begg technique. Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnmed 102:1037–1045
Williams R (1979) Single arch extraction—upper first molars or what to do when nonextraction treatment fails. Am J Orthod 76:376–393