Circulating tumour cells in cancer patients: challenges and perspectives

Riethdorf, 2008, Review: Biological relevance of disseminated tumor cells in cancer patients, Int. J. Cancer, 123, 1991, 10.1002/ijc.23825

Pantel, 2008, Detection, clinical relevance and specific biological properties of disseminating tumour cells, Nat. Rev. Cancer, 8, 329, 10.1038/nrc2375

Pantel, 2009, Cancer micrometastases, Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol., 6, 339, 10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.44

Nagrath, 2007, Isolation of rare circulating tumour cells in cancer patients by microchip technology, Nature, 450, 1235, 10.1038/nature06385

Maheswaran, 2008, Detection of mutations in EGFR in circulating lung-cancer cells, N. Engl. J. Med., 359, 366, 10.1056/NEJMoa0800668

Stott, 2010, Isolation and characterization of circulating tumor cells from patients with localized and metastatic prostate cancer, Sci. Transl. Med., 2, 10.1126/scitranslmed.3000403

Schwarzenbach, 2009, Cell-free tumor DNA in blood plasma as a marker for circulating tumor cells in prostate cancer, Clin. Cancer Res., 15, 1032, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-1910

Alix-Panabieres, 2009, Full-length cytokeratin-19 is released by human tumor cells: a potential role in metastatic progression of breast cancer, Breast Cancer Res., 11, R39, 10.1186/bcr2326

Lu, 2010, Isolation of circulating epithelial and tumor progenitor cells with an invasive phenotype from breast cancer patients, Int. J. Cancer, 126, 669, 10.1002/ijc.24814

Talasaz, 2009, Isolating highly enriched populations of circulating epithelial cells and other rare cells from blood using a magnetic sweeper device, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 106, 3970, 10.1073/pnas.0813188106

Pinzani, 2006, Isolation by size of epithelial tumor cells in peripheral blood of patients with breast cancer: correlation with real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction results and feasibility of molecular analysis by laser microdissection, Hum. Pathol., 37, 711, 10.1016/j.humpath.2006.01.026

Wong, 2006, Prognostic significance of circulating tumour cells enumerated after filtration enrichment in early and metastatic breast cancer patients, Breast Cancer Res. Treat., 99, 63, 10.1007/s10549-006-9181-4

Zheng, 2007, Membrane microfilter device for selective capture, electrolysis and genomic analysis of human circulating tumor cells, J. Chromatogr. A, 1162, 154, 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.05.064

Pachmann, 2008, Monitoring the response of circulating epithelial tumor cells to adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer allows detection of patients at risk of early relapse, J. Clin. Oncol., 26, 1208, 10.1200/JCO.2007.13.6523

Krivacic, 2004, A rare-cell detector for cancer, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 101, 10501, 10.1073/pnas.0404036101

Ntouroupi, 2008, Detection of circulating tumour cells in peripheral blood with an automated scanning fluorescence microscope, Br. J. Cancer, 99, 789, 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604545

Deng, 2008, Enrichment with anti-cytokeratin alone or combined with anti-EpCAM antibodies significantly increases the sensitivity for circulating tumor cell detection in metastatic breast cancer patients, Breast Cancer Res., 10, R69, 10.1186/bcr2131

Mani, 2008, The epithelial-mesenchymal transition generates cells with properties of stem cells, Cell, 133, 704, 10.1016/j.cell.2008.03.027

Schwarzenbach, 2007, Detection of tumor-specific DNA in blood and bone marrow plasma from patients with prostate cancer, Int. J. Cancer, 120, 1465, 10.1002/ijc.22470

Fehm, 2009, Detection and characterization of circulating tumor cells in blood of primary breast cancer patients by RT-PCR and comparison to status of bone marrow disseminated cells, Breast Cancer Res., 11, R59, 10.1186/bcr2349

Agrawal, 1998, Expression of MUC1 mucin on activated human T cells: implications for a role of MUC1 in normal immune regulation, Cancer Res., 58, 4079

Correa, 2003, Form and pattern of MUC1 expression on T cells activated in vivo or in vitro suggests a function in T-cell migration, Immunology, 108, 32, 10.1046/j.1365-2567.2003.01562.x

Galanzha, 2009, In vivo magnetic enrichment and multiplex photoacoustic detection of circulating tumour cells, Nat. Nanotechnol., 4, 855, 10.1038/nnano.2009.333

Shaffer, 2007, Circulating tumor cell analysis in patients with progressive castration-resistant prostate cancer, Clin. Cancer Res., 13, 2023, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-2701

Attard, 2009, Characterization of ERG, AR and PTEN gene status in circulating tumor cells from patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer, Cancer Res., 69, 2912, 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-3667

Dietmaier, 1999, Multiple mutation analyses in single tumor cells with improved whole genome amplification, Am. J. Pathol., 154, 83, 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)65254-6

Paris, 2009, Functional phenotyping and genotyping of circulating tumor cells from patients with castration resistant prostate cancer, Cancer Lett., 277, 164, 10.1016/j.canlet.2008.12.007

Smirnov, 2005, Global gene expression profiling of circulating tumor cells, Cancer Res., 65, 4993, 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-4330

Watson, 2007, Isolation and molecular profiling of bone marrow micrometastases identifies TwisT1 as a marker of early tumor relapse in breast cancer patients, Clin. Cancer Res., 13, 5001, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-07-0024

Sieuwerts, 2009, Molecular characterization of circulating tumor cells in large quantities of contaminating leukocytes by a multiplex real-time PCR, Breast Cancer Res. Treat., 118, 455, 10.1007/s10549-008-0290-0

Bartkowiak, 2009, Two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis of a cell line derived from a breast cancer micrometastasis revealed a stem/progenitor cell protein profile, J. Proteome Res., 8, 2004, 10.1021/pr8009758

Bartkowiak, 2010, Discovery of a novel unfolded protein response phenotype of cancer stem/progenitor cells from the bone marrow of breast cancer patients, J. Proteome Res., 9, 3158, 10.1021/pr100039d

Braun, 2000, Lack of effect of adjuvant chemotherapy on the elimination of single dormant tumor cells in bone marrow of high-risk breast cancer patients, J. Clin. Oncol., 18, 80, 10.1200/JCO.2000.18.1.80

Muller, 2005, Circulating tumor cells in breast cancer: correlation to bone marrow micrometastases, heterogeneous response to systemic therapy and low proliferative activity, Clin. Cancer Res., 11, 3678, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-04-2469

Wiedswang, 2004, Isolated tumor cells in bone marrow three years after diagnosis in disease-free breast cancer patients predict unfavorable clinical outcome, Clin. Cancer Res., 10, 5342, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-04-0245

Riethdorf, 2010, Detection and HER2 expression of circulating tumor cells: prospective monitoring in breast cancer patients treated in the Neoadjuvant GeparQuattro Trial, Clin. Cancer Res., 16, 2634, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-09-2042

Braun, 2005, A pooled analysis of bone marrow micrometastasis in breast cancer, N. Engl. J. Med., 353, 793, 10.1056/NEJMoa050434

Wimberger, 2007, Influence of platinum-based chemotherapy on disseminated tumor cells in blood and bone marrow of patients with ovarian cancer, Gynecol. Oncol., 107, 331, 10.1016/j.ygyno.2007.07.073

Janni, 2005, The persistence of isolated tumor cells in bone marrow from patients with breast carcinoma predicts an increased risk for recurrence, Cancer, 103, 884, 10.1002/cncr.20834

Cristofanilli, 2004, Circulating tumor cells, disease progression, and survival in metastatic breast cancer, N. Engl. J. Med., 351, 781, 10.1056/NEJMoa040766

de Bono, 2008, Circulating tumor cells predict survival benefit from treatment in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, Clin. Cancer Res., 14, 6302, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-0872

Cohen, 2008, Relationship of circulating tumor cells to tumor response, progression-free survival, and overall survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, J. Clin. Oncol., 26, 3213, 10.1200/JCO.2007.15.8923

Muller, 2010, Insights into minimal residual disease in cancer patients: implications for anti-cancer therapies, Eur. J. Cancer, 46, 1189, 10.1016/j.ejca.2010.02.038

Riethdorf, 2007, Detection of circulating tumor cells in peripheral blood of patients with metastatic breast cancer: a validation study of the CellSearch system, Clin. Cancer Res., 13, 920, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-1695

Bidard, 2010, Single circulating tumor cell detection and overall survival in nonmetastatic breast cancer, Ann. Oncol., 21, 729, 10.1093/annonc/mdp391

Chambers, 2002, Dissemination and growth of cancer cells in metastatic sites, Nat. Rev. Cancer, 2, 563, 10.1038/nrc865

Hayes, 2006, Circulating tumor cells at each follow-up time point during therapy of metastatic breast cancer patients predict progression-free and overall survival, Clin. Cancer Res., 12, 4218, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-2821

Budd, 2006, Circulating tumor cells versus imaging – predicting overall survival in metastatic breast cancer, Clin. Cancer Res., 12, 6403, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-1769

Bidard, F.C. et al. (2010) Clinical value of circulating endothelial cells and circulating tumor cells in metastatic breast cancer patients treated first line with bevacizumab and chemotherapy. Ann. Oncol. 21. (in press)

Pierga, 2008, Circulating tumor cell detection predicts early metastatic relapse after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in large operable and locally advanced breast cancer in a phase II randomized trial, Clin. Cancer Res., 14, 7004, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-0030

Pestrin, 2009, Correlation of HER2 status between primary tumors and corresponding circulating tumor cells in advanced breast cancer patients, Breast Cancer Res. Treat., 118, 523, 10.1007/s10549-009-0461-7

Rack, B. et al. (2008) Prognostic relevance of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in peripheral blood of breast cancer patients before and after adjuvant chemotherapy: The German SUCCESS-Trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 26 (Suppl.), Abstract 503

Rack, 2010, Use of circulating tumor cells (CTC) in peripheral blood of breast cancer patients before and after adjuvant chemotherapy to predict risk for relapse: The SUCCESS Trial, J. Clin. Oncol., 28, 7s, 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.1003

Xenidis, 2009, Cytokeratin-19 mRNA-positive circulating tumor cells after adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with early breast cancer, J. Clin. Oncol., 27, 2177, 10.1200/JCO.2008.18.0497

Pantel, 1993, Differential expression of proliferation-associated molecules in individual micrometastatic carcinoma cells, J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 85, 1419, 10.1093/jnci/85.17.1419

Pantel, 1993, Immunocytological detection of bone marrow micrometastasis in operable non-small cell lung cancer, Cancer Res., 53, 1027

Piccart-Gebhart, 2005, Trastuzumab after adjuvant chemotherapy in HER2-positive breast cancer, N. Engl. J. Med., 353, 1659, 10.1056/NEJMoa052306

Braun, 2001, ErbB2 overexpression on occult metastatic cells in bone marrow predicts poor clinical outcome of stage I–III breast cancer patients, Cancer Res., 61, 1890

Wulfing, 2006, HER2-positive circulating tumor cells indicate poor clinical outcome in stage I to III breast cancer patients, Clin. Cancer Res., 12, 1715, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-2087

Solomayer, 2006, Comparison of HER2 status between primary tumor and disseminated tumor cells in primary breast cancer patients, Breast Cancer Res. Treat., 98, 179, 10.1007/s10549-005-9147-y

Fehm, 2007, Determination of HER2 status using both serum HER2 levels and circulating tumor cells in patients with recurrent breast cancer whose primary tumor was HER2 negative or of unknown HER2 status, Breast Cancer Res., 9, R74, 10.1186/bcr1783

Meng, 2006, uPAR and HER-2 gene status in individual breast cancer cells from blood and tissues, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 103, 17361, 10.1073/pnas.0608113103

Stoecklein, 2008, Direct genetic analysis of single disseminated cancer cells for prediction of outcome and therapy selection in esophageal cancer, Cancer Cell, 13, 441, 10.1016/j.ccr.2008.04.005

Reid, 2010, Significant and sustained antitumor activity in post-docetaxel, castration-resistant prostate cancer with the CYP17 inhibitor abiraterone acetate, J. Clin. Oncol., 28, 1489, 10.1200/JCO.2009.24.6819

Danila, 2010, Phase II multicenter study of abiraterone acetate plus prednisone therapy in patients with docetaxel-treated castration-resistant prostate cancer, J. Clin. Oncol., 28, 1496, 10.1200/JCO.2009.25.9259

Slamon, 1989, Studies of the HER-2/neu proto-oncogene in human breast and ovarian cancer, Science, 244, 707, 10.1126/science.2470152

Paik, 2008, HER2 status and benefit from adjuvant trastuzumab in breast cancer, N. Engl. J. Med., 358, 1409, 10.1056/NEJMc0801440

Meng, 2004, HER-2 gene amplification can be acquired as breast cancer progresses, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 101, 9393, 10.1073/pnas.0402993101

Bidard, 2008, Disseminated tumor cells of breast cancer patients: a strong prognostic factor for distant and local relapse, Clin. Cancer Res., 14, 3306, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-07-4749

Bidard, 2009, Disseminated tumor cells and the risk of locoregional recurrence in nonmetastatic breast cancer, Ann. Oncol., 20, 1836, 10.1093/annonc/mdp200

Kim, 2009, Tumor self-seeding by circulating cancer cells, Cell, 139, 1315, 10.1016/j.cell.2009.11.025

Aft, 2010, Effect of zoledronic acid on disseminated tumour cells in women with locally advanced breast cancer: an open label, randomised, phase 2 trial, Lancet Oncol., 11, 421, 10.1016/S1470-2045(10)70054-1

George, 2010, RANK ligand: effects of inhibition, Curr. Oncol. Rep., 12, 80, 10.1007/s11912-010-0088-1

Balic, 2006, Most early disseminated cancer cells detected in bone marrow of breast cancer patients have a putative breast cancer stem cell phenotype, Clin. Cancer Res., 12, 5615, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-0169