Chronic restraint stress causes anxiety- and depression-like behaviors, downregulates glucocorticoid receptor expression, and attenuates glutamate release induced by brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the prefrontal cortex

Shuichi Chiba1, Tadahiro Numakawa1,2, Midori Ninomiya1,3, Misty C. Richards1,4, Chisato Wakabayashi1, Hiroshi Kunugi1,2
1Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
2CREST of Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Saitama, Japan
3Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
4Center for Neuropharmacology and Neuroscience, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA

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