Vật liệu chức năng dựa trên chitosan cho việc phục hồi vết thương trên da: Cơ chế và ứng dụng
Tóm tắt
Vết thương trên da không chỉ gây ra đau đớn vật lý cho bệnh nhân mà còn là gánh nặng kinh tế cho xã hội. Cần tìm kiếm một phương pháp hiệu quả để thúc đẩy sự phục hồi da. Hydrogel được coi là băng vết thương hiệu quả. Chúng có nhiều đặc tính độc đáo như tương thích sinh học, khả năng phân hủy sinh học, khả năng hấp thụ và giữ nước cao, v.v., do đó chúng là những vật liệu ứng cử triển vọng cho việc chữa lành vết thương. Chitosan là một vật liệu sinh học dạng polymer thu được từ quá trình deacetyl hóa chitins. Với các đặc tính như dễ dàng thu nhận, hoạt tính kháng khuẩn và cầm máu, cũng như khả năng thúc đẩy tái tạo da, các băng vết thương chức năng giống như hydrogel (đại diện bởi chitosan và các dẫn xuất của nó) đã nhận được sự quan tâm rộng rãi về hiệu quả và cơ chế của chúng trong việc thúc đẩy phục hồi vết thương trên da. Trong bài đánh giá này, chúng tôi đã thảo luận sâu về các cơ chế mà các vật liệu chức năng dựa trên chitosan thúc đẩy cầm máu, chống viêm, sự phát triển của mô hạt trong việc sửa chữa vết thương. Chúng tôi cũng cung cấp thông tin mới nhất về các ứng dụng của những vật liệu này trong điều trị vết thương. Ngoài ra, chúng tôi tóm tắt các phương pháp để tăng cường ưu điểm và duy trì bản chất vốn có của chitosan thông qua việc kết hợp các thành phần hóa học khác, các phân tử sinh học hoạt động và các chất khác vào các hydrogel.
Từ khóa
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