Chirp sub-bottom profiler source signature design and field testing
Tóm tắt
Chirp sub-bottom profilers are marine sonar systems which use a highly repeatable source signature to facilitate the acquisition of correlated data with decimetre vertical resolution in the top 20–30 m of sediments. Source signatures can be readily developed and implemented, but an applicable methodology for assessing resolution and attenuation characteristics of these wide-band systems did not exist. Methodologies are developed and applied to seven contrasting source signatures which occupy the same frequency band, but differ in their Envelope and Instantaneous Frequency functions. For the Chirp source signatures tested, a Sine-Squared envelope function is shown to produce seismic data with the optimum resolution and penetration characteristics.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Bull, J. M., Quinn, R. and Dix, J. K., 1998, Reflection Coefficient Calculation from Marine High Resolution Seismic Reflection (Chirp) Data and Application to an Archaeological Case Study, Mar. Geophys. Res. 20, 1–11.
Cunningham, A. B., 1979, Some alternate vibrator signals, Geophysics 44, 1901–1921.
Daley, B., Edwards, N. and Insole, A. N., 1979. Lithostratigraphical nomenclature of the English Paleogene Successions, Geological Magazine 116, 65–66.
Dasios, A., Astin, T. R. and McCann, C., 2001. Compressional-wave Q estimation from full-waveform sonic data, Geophys. Prospect 49, 353–373.
Goupillaud, P. L., 1976, Signal Design in the 'Vibroseis'® Technique, Geophysics 41, 1291–1304.
Hamilton, E. L., 1980, Geoacoustic modeling of the seafloor, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 68(5), 1313–1340.
Harris, F. J., 1978, On the use of windows for harmonic analysis with discrete Fourier transform, Proceedings IEEE 66, 51–83.
Jacobson, R. S., 1987, An investigation into the fundamental relationships between attenuation, phase dispersion, and frequency using seismic refraction profiles over the sedimentary structures, Geophysics 52(1), 72–87.
Jakobsson, M., 1999, First high-resolution chirp sonar profiles from the central Arctic Ocean reveal erosion of Lomonosov Ridge sediments, Mar. Geol. 158, 111–123.
Kim, G. Y., Kim, D. C., Park, S. C., Lee, G. H., 1999, Chirp (2-7 kHz) echo characters and geotechnical properties of surface sediments in the Ulleuung Basin, the East Sea, Geosciences Journal 3(4), 213–224.
LeBlanc, L. R., Panda, S., Schock, S. G., 1991, Sonar attenuation modeling for classification of marine sediments, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 91(1), 116–126.
Quinn, R., Bull, J.M. and Dix, J. K., 1997(a). Buried scour marks as indicators of paleo-current direction, Mar. Geol. 140, 405–413.
Quinn, R., Bull, J.M. and Dix, J. K., 1997(b). Imaging Wooden Artefacts using Chirp Sources, Archaeol. Prospect. 4, 25–35.
Quinn, R., Bull, J.M. and Dix, J. K., 1997(c). Optimal processing of marine high-resolution seismic reflection (Chirp) data, Mar. Geophys. Res. 20, 13–20.
Schock, S. G and LeBlanc, L. R., 1990, Chirp Sonar: New Technology For Sub-Bottom Profiling, Sea Technology 31(9), 35–43.
Schock, S. G., LeBlanc, L. R. and Panda, S., 1994, Spatial and Temporal Pulse Design Considerations for a Marine Sediment Classification Sonar, IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering 19(3), 406–415.
Selby, I. And Foley, M., 1995, An application of chirp acoustic profiling: monitoring dumped muds at sea bed disposal sites in Hong Kong, Journal of Marine Environmental Engineering 1(3), 247–261.
Solomon, A., McCann, C., Sothcott, J., 1999, Attenuation of P-and S-waves in limestones, Geophys. Prospect. 47, 359–392.