Childhood trauma, major depressive disorder, suicidality, and the modifying role of social support among adolescents living with HIV in rural Uganda

Journal of Affective Disorders Reports - Tập 4 - Trang 100094 - 2021
Scholastic Ashaba1, Christine E. Cooper-Vince2, Samuel Maling1, Emily N. Satinsky1,3, Charles Baguma1, Dickens Akena4, Denis Nansera1, Francis Bajunirwe1, Alexander C. Tsai1,3,5,6
1Mbarara University Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
2Départment de Psychiatrie, Universitié de Genève, Switzerland
3Center for Global Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
4Department of Psychiatry, Makerere College of Health Sciences, Makerere, Uganda
5Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
6Mongan Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

Tài liệu tham khảo

Abubakar, 2017, Cumulative psychosocial risk is a salient predictor of depressive symptoms among vertically HIV-infected and HIV-affected adolescents at the Kenyan Coast, Ann. Glob. Health, 83, 743, 10.1016/j.aogh.2017.10.024 Adejumo, 2015, Contemporary issues on the epidemiology and antiretroviral adherence of HIV-infected adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa: a narrative review, J. Int. AIDS Soc., 18, 20049, 10.7448/IAS.18.1.20049 Adeyemo, 2020, Depression and suicidality among adolescents living with human immunodeficiency virus in Lagos, Nigeria, Child Adolesc. Psychiatry Ment. Health, 14, 1, 10.1186/s13034-020-00337-3 Ashaba, 2018, Internalized HIV stigma, bullying, major depressive disorder, and high-risk suicidality among HIV-positive adolescents in rural Uganda, Global Mental Health, 5, 1 Ashaba, 2019, Development and validation of a 20-item screening scale to detect major depressive disorder among adolescents with HIV in rural Uganda: a mixed-methods study, SSM-Popul. Health, 7 Ashaba, 2019, Community beliefs, HIV stigma, and depression among adolescents living with HIV in rural Uganda, Afr. J. AIDS Res., 18, 169, 10.2989/16085906.2019.1637912 Bankole, 2017, Psychological complications associated with HIV/AIDS infection among children in South-South Nigeria, sub-Saharan Africa, Cogent Med., 4, 10.1080/2331205X.2017.1372869 Bekele, 2018, Childhood adversities and physical and mental health outcomes in adults living with HIV: findings from the Ontario HIV treatment network cohort study, AIDS Res Treat, 2018 Bernstein, 1998 Bernstein, 1998 Bernstein, 2003, Development and validation of a brief screening version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Child Abuse Negl., 27, 169, 10.1016/S0145-2134(02)00541-0 Blum, 2020, Use of E-values for addressing confounding in observational studies—An empirical assessment of the literature, Int. J. Epidemiol., 49, 1482, 10.1093/ije/dyz261 Boydell, 2017, How mothers in poverty explain their use of corporal punishment: a qualitative study in Kampala, Uganda, Eur. J. Dev. Res., 29, 999, 10.1057/s41287-017-0104-5 Boyes, 2013, Relationships among HIV/AIDS orphanhood, stigma, and symptoms of anxiety and depression in South African youth: a longitudinal investigation using a path analysis framework, Clin. Psychol. Sci., 1, 323, 10.1177/2167702613478595 Boyes, 2015, Relationships between familial HIV/AIDS and symptoms of anxiety and depression: the mediating effect of bullying victimization in a prospective sample of South African children and adolescents, J. Youth Adolesc., 44, 847, 10.1007/s10964-014-0146-3 Brady, 2010, Declines in mortality rates and changes in causes of death in HIV-1-infected children during the HAART era, J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr., 53, 86, 10.1097/QAI.0b013e3181b9869f Brezing, 2015, The syndemic illness of HIV and trauma: implications for a trauma-informed model of care, Psychosomatics, 56, 107, 10.1016/j.psym.2014.10.006 Brown, 2009, Exposure to physical and sexual violence and adverse health behaviours in African children: results from the Global School-based Student Health Survey, Bull. World Health Organ., 87, 447, 10.2471/BLT.07.047423 Burack, 1993, Depressive symptoms and CD4 lymphocyte decline among HIV-infected men, JAMA, 270, 2568, 10.1001/jama.1993.03510210054027 Carruth, 2001, Relative risk greater than two in proof of causation in toxic tort litigation, Jurimetrics, 195 Casale, 2019, Suicidal thoughts and behaviour among South African adolescents living with HIV: can social support buffer the impact of stigma?, J. Affect. Disord., 245, 82, 10.1016/j.jad.2018.10.102 Casale, 2015, Direct and indirect effects of caregiver social support on adolescent psychological outcomes in two South African AIDS-affected communities, Am. J. Commun. Psychol., 55, 336, 10.1007/s10464-015-9705-3 Casale, 2015, Social support as a protective factor for depression among women caring for children in HIV-endemic South Africa, J. Behav. Med., 38, 17, 10.1007/s10865-014-9556-7 Charak, 2017, Assessing the factor structure of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, and cumulative effect of abuse and neglect on mental health among adolescents in conflict-affected Burundi, Child Abuse Negl., 72, 383, 10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.09.009 Cheng, 2014, The association between social support and mental health among vulnerable adolescents in five cities: findings from the study of the well-being of adolescents in vulnerable environments, J. Adolesc. Health, 55, S31, 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.08.020 Cluver, 2010, Risk and protective factors for bullying victimization among AIDS-affected and vulnerable children in South Africa, Child Abuse Negl., 34, 793, 10.1016/j.chiabu.2010.04.002 Cluver, 2018, Multitype violence exposures and adolescent antiretroviral nonadherence in South Africa, AIDS, 32, 975, 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001795 Cluver, 2011, A family disease: mental health of children orphaned by AIDS and living with HIV+ caregivers, 2, 65 Cluver, 2013, Pathways from parental AIDS to child psychological, educational and sexual risk: developing an empirically-based interactive theoretical model, Soc. Sci. Med., 87, 185, 10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.03.028 Cluver, 2012, Persisting mental health problems among AIDS-orphaned children in South Africa, J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry, 53, 363, 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02459.x Devries, 2016, Violence against children and education, Int. Health, 8, 1, 10.1093/inthealth/ihv076 Devries, 2015, The good school toolkit for reducing physical violence from school staff to primary school students: a cluster-randomised controlled trial in Uganda, The Lancet Global Health, 3, e378, 10.1016/S2214-109X(15)00060-1 Dewing, 2013, Food insecurity and its association with co-occurring postnatal depression, hazardous drinking, and suicidality among women in peri-urban South Africa, J. Affect. Disord., 150, 460, 10.1016/j.jad.2013.04.040 Doll, 1985, Occupational cancer: a hazard for epidemiologists, Int. J. Epidemiol., 14, 22, 10.1093/ije/14.1.22 Fawzi, 2016, Mental Health and Antiretroviral Adherence Among Youth Living With HIV in Rwanda, Pediatrics, 138, e20153235, 10.1542/peds.2015-3235 Fleiss, 2013 Foster, 2009, Toward a stress process model of children's exposure to physical family and community violence, Clin. Child. Fam. Psychol. Rev., 12, 71, 10.1007/s10567-009-0049-0 Gardner, 2019, The association between five forms of child maltreatment and depressive and anxiety disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Child Abuse Negl., 96, 10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.104082 Hart, 2005, Social anxiety as a risk factor for unprotected intercourse among gay and bisexual male youth, AIDS Behav., 9, 505, 10.1007/s10461-005-9021-2 Hillis, 2016, Global prevalence of past-year violence against children: a systematic review and minimum estimates, Pediatrics, 137, 10.1542/peds.2015-4079 Humphreys, 1999, Do enhanced friendship networks and active coping mediate the effect of self-help groups on substance abuse?, Ann. Behav. Med., 21, 54, 10.1007/BF02895034 Hussong, 2000, Perceived peer context and adolescent adjustment, J. Res. Adolesc., 10, 391, 10.1207/SJRA1004_02 Idro, 2016, Cerebral malaria is associated with long-term mental health disorders: a cross sectional survey of a long-term cohort, Malar. J., 15, 184, 10.1186/s12936-016-1233-6 Jewkes, 2010, Associations between childhood adversity and depression, substance abuse and HIV and HSV2 incident infections in rural South African youth, Child Abuse Negl., 34, 833, 10.1016/j.chiabu.2010.05.002 Jewkes, 2010, Intimate partner violence, relationship power inequity, and incidence of HIV infection in young women in South Africa: a cohort study, The Lancet, 376, 41, 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60548-X Kacanek, 2010, Incident depression symptoms are associated with poorer HAART adherence: a longitudinal analysis from the Nutrition for Healthy Living (NFHL) study, J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr., 53, 266, 10.1097/QAI.0b013e3181b720e7 Kahana, 2015, Rates and correlates of antiretroviral therapy use and virologic suppression among perinatally and behaviorally infected HIV+ youth linked to care in the United States, J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr., 68, 169, 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000408 Kalichman, 2009, Measuring AIDS stigmas in people living with HIV/AIDS: the Internalized AIDS-Related Stigma Scale, AIDS Care, 21, 87, 10.1080/09540120802032627 Kaltenbach, 2018, Improving interaction competencies with children—A pilot feasibility study to reduce school corporal punishment, J. Aggress Maltreat. Trauma, 27, 35, 10.1080/10926771.2017.1357060 Kamau, 2012, Psychiatric morbidity among HIV-infected children and adolescents in a resource-poor Kenyan urban community, AIDS Care, 24, 836, 10.1080/09540121.2011.644234 Kang, 2011, Disadvantaged neighborhood influences on depression and anxiety in youth with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus: how life stressors matter, J. Commun. Psychol., 39, 956, 10.1002/jcop.20483 Kelly, 1998, Suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and HIV infection, Psychosomatics, 39, 405, 10.1016/S0033-3182(98)71299-X Kidman, 2018, Childhood adversity increases the risk of onward transmission from perinatal HIV-infected adolescents and youth in South Africa, Child Abuse Negl., 79, 98, 10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.01.028 Kim, 2017, High self-reported non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy amongst adolescents living with HIV in Malawi: barriers and associated factors, J. Int. AIDS Soc., 20, 21437, 10.7448/IAS.20.1.21437 Kinyanda, 2013, Prevalence and risk factors of depression in childhood and adolescence as seen in 4 districts of north-eastern Uganda, BMC Int. Health Hum. Rights, 13, 19, 10.1186/1472-698X-13-19 Kounou, 2013, Childhood trauma, personality disorders symptoms and current major depressive disorder in Togo, Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol., 48, 1095, 10.1007/s00127-012-0634-2 Kumar, 2017, Ending violence in childhood: a global imperative, Psychol. Health Med., 22, 1, 10.1080/13548506.2017.1287409 Lansford, 2014, Corporal punishment, maternal warmth, and child adjustment: a longitudinal study in eight countries, J. Clin. Child Adolesc. Psychol., 43, 670, 10.1080/15374416.2014.893518 Lee, 2013, The impact of parental incarceration on the physical and mental health of young adults, Pediatrics, 131, e1188, 10.1542/peds.2012-0627 Lewis, 2015, Negative life events and depression in adolescents with HIV: a stress and coping analysis, AIDS Care, 27, 1265, 10.1080/09540121.2015.1050984 Lowenthal, 2014, Perinatally acquired HIV infection in adolescents from sub-Saharan Africa: a review of emerging challenges, Lancet Infect. Dis., 14, 627, 10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70363-3 Lubinga, 2013, Health-related quality of life and social support among women treated for abortion complications in western Uganda, Health Qual. Life Outcomes, 11, 118, 10.1186/1477-7525-11-118 Lund, 2010, Poverty and common mental disorders in low and middle income countries: a systematic review, Soc. Sci. Med., 71, 517, 10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.04.027 Lyketsos, 1993, Depressive symptoms as predictors of medical outcomes in HIV infection, JAMA, 270, 2563, 10.1001/jama.1993.03510210049026 Martinez, 2009, Screening and assessing violence and mental health disorders in a cohort of inner city HIV-positive youth between 1998 and 2006, AIDS Patient Care STDS, 23, 469, 10.1089/apc.2008.0178 Matsumoto, 2017, Social support as a key protective factor against depression in HIV-infected patients: report from large HIV clinics in Hanoi, Vietnam, Sci. Rep., 7, 1, 10.1038/s41598-017-15768-w Meinck, 2015, Household illness, poverty and physical and emotional child abuse victimisation: findings from South Africa's first prospective cohort study, BMC Public Health, 15, 444, 10.1186/s12889-015-1792-4 Meinck, 2016, Physical, emotional and sexual adolescent abuse victimisation in South Africa: prevalence, incidence, perpetrators and locations, J. Epidemiolol. Commun. Health, 70, 910, 10.1136/jech-2015-205860 Mellins, 2013, Understanding the mental health of youth living with perinatal HIV infection: lessons learned and current challenges, J. Int. AIDS Soc., 16, 18593, 10.7448/IAS.16.1.18593 Mengersen, 2007, Causality and association: the statistical and legal approaches, Stat. Sci., 227 2019 2020 Morantz, 2013, Child abuse and neglect among orphaned children and youth living in extended families in sub-Saharan Africa: what have we learned from qualitative inquiry?, Vulnerable Child Youth Stud., 8, 338, 10.1080/17450128.2013.764476 Mupambireyi, 2014, I don't feel shy because I will be among others who are just like me…”: the role of support groups for children perinatally infected with HIV in Zimbabwe, Child Youth Serv. Rev., 45, 106, 10.1016/j.childyouth.2014.03.026 Murphy, 2000, Psychological distress among HIV+ adolescents in the REACH study: effects of life stress, social support, and coping, J. Adolesc. Health, 27, 391, 10.1016/S1054-139X(00)00158-0 Murray, 2012, Children's antisocial behavior, mental health, drug use, and educational performance after parental incarceration: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Psychol. Bull., 138, 175, 10.1037/a0026407 Mushavi, 2020, When you have no water, it means you have no peace”: a mixed-methods, whole-population study of water insecurity and depression in rural Uganda, Soc. Sci. Med., 245, 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112561 Mynard, 2000, Development of the multidimensional peer-victimization scale, Aggress Behav., 26, 169, 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2337(2000)26:2<169::AID-AB3>3.0.CO;2-A Naker, 2005 Nakimuli-Mpungu, 2011, Prevalence and factors associated with depressive disorders in an HIV+ rural patient population in southern Uganda, J. Affect. Disord., 135, 160, 10.1016/j.jad.2011.07.009 Nakimuli-Mpungu, 2014, Developing a culturally sensitive group support intervention for depression among HIV infected and non-infected Ugandan adults: a qualitative study, J. Affect. Disord., 163, 10, 10.1016/j.jad.2014.03.042 Nalugya-Sserunjogi, 2016, Prevalence and factors associated with depression symptoms among school-going adolescents in Central Uganda, Child Adolesc. Psychiatry Ment. Health, 10, 39, 10.1186/s13034-016-0133-4 Nanni, 2015, Depression in HIV infected patients: a review, Curr. Psychiatry Rep., 17, 530, 10.1007/s11920-014-0530-4 Newcombe, 1998, Two-sided confidence intervals for the single proportion: comparison of seven methods, Stat. Med., 17, 857, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19980430)17:8<857::AID-SIM777>3.0.CO;2-E Newman, 2007, The relationship of social support to depressive symptoms during the transition to high school, Adolescence, 42, 441 Ng, 2015, Risk and protective factors for suicidal ideation and behaviour in Rwandan children, Br. J. Psychiatry, 207, 262, 10.1192/bjp.bp.114.154591 Norman, 2012, The long-term health consequences of child physical abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect: a systematic review and meta-analysis, PLoS Med., 9, 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001349 Nyamukapa, 2010, Causes and consequences of psychological distress among orphans in eastern Zimbabwe, AIDS Care, 22, 988, 10.1080/09540121003615061 Okello, 2007, Psychiatric disorders among war-abducted and non-abducted adolescents in Gulu district, Uganda: a comparative study, Afr. J. Psychiatry (Johannesbg), 10, 225 Onuoha, 2009, Negative mental health factors in children orphaned by AIDS: natural mentoring as a palliative care, AIDS Behav., 13, 980, 10.1007/s10461-008-9459-0 Pantelic, 2015, Predictors of internalised HIV-related stigma: a systematic review of studies in sub-Saharan Africa, Health Psychol. Rev., 9, 469, 10.1080/17437199.2014.996243 Peirce, 2000, A longitudinal model of social contact, social support, depression, and alcohol use, Health Psychol., 19, 28, 10.1037/0278-6133.19.1.28 Pence, 2015, The effect of antidepressant treatment on HIV and depression outcomes: the SLAM DUNC randomized trial, AIDS, 29, 1975, 10.1097/QAD.0000000000000797 Petersen, 2010, Psychosocial challenges and protective influences for socio-emotional coping of HIV+ adolescents in South Africa: a qualitative investigation, AIDS Care, 22, 970, 10.1080/09540121003623693 Prado, 2004, Religious involvement, coping, social support, and psychological distress in HIV-seropositive African American mothers, AIDS Behav., 8, 221, 10.1023/B:AIBE.0000044071.27130.46 Radcliffe, 2007, Posttraumatic stress and trauma history in adolescents and young adults with HIV, AIDS Patient Care STDs, 21, 501, 10.1089/apc.2006.0144 Robbins, 2003, The protective role of the family and social support network in a sample of HIV-positive African American women: results of a pilot study, J. Black Psychol., 29, 17, 10.1177/0095798402239227 Ruchkin, 2004 Safren, 2016, Cognitive behavioural therapy for adherence and depression in patients with HIV: a three-arm randomised controlled trial, The Lancet HIV, 3, e529, 10.1016/S2352-3018(16)30053-4 Sarason, 1987, A brief measure of social support: practical and theoretical implications, J. Soc. Pers. Relat., 4, 497, 10.1177/0265407587044007 Sheehan, 1998, Diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10, J. Clin. Psychiatr., 59, 22 Sheehan, 1998, Diagnostic Psychiatric Interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10, J. Clin. Psychiatr., 59, 22 Sheehan, 2010, Reliability and validity of the mini international neuropsychiatric interview for children and adolescents (MINI-KID), J. Clin. Psychiatr., 71, 313, 10.4088/JCP.09m05305whi Skeen, 2016, Exposure to violence and psychological well-being over time in children affected by HIV/AIDS in South Africa and Malawi, AIDS Care, 28, 16, 10.1080/09540121.2016.1146219 Slogrove, 2017, Living and dying to be counted: what we know about the epidemiology of the global adolescent HIV epidemic, J. Int. AIDS Soc., 20, 21520, 10.7448/IAS.20.4.21520 Thoits, 2011, Mechanisms linking social ties and support to physical and mental health, J. Health Soc. Behav., 52, 145, 10.1177/0022146510395592 Tsai, 2011, The social context of food insecurity among persons living with HIV/AIDS in rural Uganda, Soc. Sci. Med., 73, 1717, 10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.09.026 Tsai, 2012, Food insecurity, depression and the modifying role of social support among people living with HIV/AIDS in Rural Uganda, Soc. Sci. Med., 74, 2012, 10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.02.033 Tsai, 2016, Population-based study of intra-household gender differences in water insecurity: reliability and validity of a survey instrument for use in rural Uganda, J. Water Health, 14, 280, 10.2166/wh.2015.165 Tsai, 2013, Directly observed antidepressant medication treatment and HIV outcomes among homeless and marginally housed HIV-positive adults: a randomized controlled trial, Am. J. Public Health, 103, 308, 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300422 Tsai, 2017, Co-occurring epidemics, syndemics, and population health, Lancet, 389, 978, 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30403-8 Tsai, 2016, Food insufficiency, depression, and the modifying role of social support: evidence from a population-based, prospective cohort of pregnant women in peri-urban South Africa, Soc. Sci. Med., 151, 69, 10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.12.042 Tsai, 2016, Intimate partner violence and depression symptom severity among South African women during pregnancy and postpartum: population-based prospective cohort study, PLoS Med., 13, 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001943 Tsai, 2010, A marginal structural model to estimate the causal effect of antidepressant medication treatment on viral suppression among homeless and marginally housed persons with HIV, Arch. Gen. Psychiatry, 67, 1282, 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.160 Tsai, 2010, A marginal structural model to estimate the causal effect of antidepressant medication treatment on viral suppression among homeless and marginally housed persons with HIV, Arch. Gen. Psychiatry, 67, 1282, 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.160 Tsai, 2013, Evidence for the reliability and validity of the internalized AIDS-related stigma scale in rural Uganda, AIDS Behav., 17, 427, 10.1007/s10461-012-0281-3 Turney, 2014, The consequences of paternal incarceration for maternal neglect and harsh parenting, Soc. Forces, 92, 1607, 10.1093/sf/sot160 2018 2014 2007, National Guidelines for Research Involving Humans As Research Participants 2018 VanderWeele, 2017, Sensitivity analysis in observational research: introducing the E-value, Ann. Intern. Med., 167, 268, 10.7326/M16-2607 Wallace, 2019, Validity of social support scales utilized among HIV-infected and HIV-affected populations: a systematic review, AIDS Behav., 23, 2155, 10.1007/s10461-018-2294-z Ward, 2018, Sexual violence against children in South Africa: a nationally representative cross-sectional study of prevalence and correlates, The Lancet Global Health, 6, e460, 10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30060-3 Willis, 2018, Understanding the experience and manifestation of depression in adolescents living with HIV in Harare, Zimbabwe, PLoS ONE, 13, 10.1371/journal.pone.0190423 Woollett, 2017, Identifying risks for mental health problems in HIV positive adolescents accessing HIV treatment in Johannesburg, J. Child Adolesc. Mental Health, 29, 11, 10.2989/17280583.2017.1283320 World Health Organization, Geneva. Trauma among children who are victims of violence, 2001. Wynder, 1987, Workshop on Guidelines to the Epidemiology of Weak Associations: introduction, Prev. Med., 16, 139, 10.1016/0091-7435(87)90078-8 Yakubovich, 2016, Community-based organizations for vulnerable children in South Africa: reach, psychosocial correlates, and potential mechanisms, Child Youth Serv. Rev., 62, 58, 10.1016/j.childyouth.2016.01.016 Zou, 2004, A modified poisson regression approach to prospective studies with binary data, Am. J. Epidemiol., 159, 702, 10.1093/aje/kwh090