Thay đổi hóa học và vi sinh vật trong quá trình vermicomposting bã cà phê sử dụng loài giun đất ngoại lai (Eudrilus eugeniae) và nội địa (Perionyx ceylanesis)

Biodegradation - Tập 22 - Trang 497-507 - 2010
Kurian Raphael1, K. Velmourougane2
1Coffee Research Sub Station, Chettalli, North Kodagu, India
2Central Institute for Cotton Research, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Nagpur, India

Tóm tắt

Bã cà phê là chất thải rắn chính từ quá trình chế biến ướt quả cà phê. Do sự hiện diện của các yếu tố chống sinh lý và chống dinh dưỡng, bã cà phê không được coi là cơ chất thích hợp cho quá trình biến đổi sinh học bởi các nông dân trồng cà phê. Các biện pháp nghiêm ngặt gần đây từ các cơ quan kiểm soát ô nhiễm đã buộc phải xử lý tất cả các chất thải rắn và lỏng phát sinh từ các trang trại cà phê. Một nghiên cứu đã được tiến hành để đánh giá hiệu quả của một loài giun đất ngoại lai (Eudrilus eugeniae) và một loài giun đất nội địa (Perionyx ceylanesis) từ trang trại cà phê trong việc phân hủy bã cà phê thành vermicompost có giá trị. Giun đất ngoại lai được phát hiện là phân hủy bã cà phê nhanh hơn (112 ngày) so với giun đất nội địa (165 ngày) và hiệu suất vermicomposting (77,9%) cùng với sản lượng vermicompost (389 kg) được ghi nhận cao hơn đáng kể với giun đất nội địa. Tỷ lệ sinh sản của giun đất (280%) và sản lượng giun (3,78 kg) được ghi nhận cao hơn đáng kể với giun đất ngoại lai. Tỷ lệ phần trăm nitơ, photpho, kali, canxi và magiê trong vermicompost được phát hiện là tăng lên trong khi tỷ lệ C:N, pH và carbon hữu cơ tổng số giảm xuống như một chức năng của quá trình vermicomposting. Các chất dinh dưỡng thực vật, nitơ (80,6%), photpho (292%) và hàm lượng kali (550%) được phát hiện tăng lên đáng kể trong vermicompost sản xuất bằng cách sử dụng giun đất nội địa so với các giá trị ban đầu, trong khi hàm lượng canxi (85,7%) và magiê (210%) được phát hiện tăng lên đáng kể trong phân hữu cơ được sản xuất bằng cách sử dụng giun ngoại lai. Vermicompost và vermicasts từ giun đất nội địa ghi nhận số lượng quần thể nhóm vi sinh vật chức năng cao hơn đáng kể so với giun ngoại lai. Nghiên cứu cho thấy rằng bã cà phê có thể được sử dụng rất tốt làm cơ chất cho quá trình vermicomposting sử dụng giun đất ngoại lai (Eudrilus eugeniae) và giun đất nội địa (Perionyx ceylanesis).

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

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Biodegradation

Tập 22

497-507

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