Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of Allium cepa L. and Allium × cornutum (Clementi ex Visiani 1842) Methanolic Extracts

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 22 Số 3 - Trang 448
Željana Fredotović1, Matilda Šprung2, Barbara Soldo2, Ivica Ljubenkov2, Irena Budić-Leto3, Tea Bilušić4, Vedrana Čikeš Čulić5, Jasna Puizina1
1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, R. Boškovića 33, 21000 Split, Croatia
2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Split, R. Boškovića 33, 21000 Split, Croatia
3Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, 21000 Split, Croatia
4Department for Food technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, R. Boškovića 35, 21000 Split, Croatia
5Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia

Tóm tắt

Here, we report a comparative study of the phytochemical profile and the biological activity of two onion extracts, namely Allium cepa L. and Allium × cornutum (Clementi ex Visiani 1842), members of the family Amaryllidaceae. The identification of flavonoids and anthocyanins, and their individual quantities, was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The potency of both extracts to scavenge free radicals was determined by the DPPH (2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical-scavenging activity and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) methods. The DNA protective role was further tested by the single-cell gel electrophoresis (COMET) assay and by Fenton’s reagent causing double-strand breaks on the closed circular high copy pUC19 plasmid isolated from Escherichia coli. In the presence of both extracts, a significant decrease in DNA damage was observed, which indicates a protective role of Allium cepa and Allium × cornutum on DNA strand breaks. Additionally, cytotoxicity was tested on glioblastoma and breast cancer cell lines. The results showed that both extracts had antiproliferative effects, but the most prominent decrease in cellular growth was observed in glioblastoma cells.

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