Characterization of the basal promoter element of the human type 5 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase gene

Ehrmann, 1995, Polycystic ovary syndrome as a form of functional ovarian hyperandrogenism due to dysregulation of androgen secretion, Endocr. Rev., 16, 322, 10.1210/er.16.3.322 Nelson, 2001, The biochemical basis for increased testosterone production in theca cells propagated from patients with polycystic ovary syndrome, J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 86, 5925, 10.1210/jc.86.12.5925 Rosenfield, 1971, Plasma testosterone binding globulin and indexes of the concentration of unbound androgens in normal and hirsute subjects, J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 32, 717, 10.1210/jcem-32-6-717 Wild, 1983, Androgen parameters and their correlation with body weight in one hundred thirty-eight women thought to have hyperandrogenism, Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 146, 602, 10.1016/0002-9378(83)90998-5 Mindnich, 2004, The role of 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases, Mol. Cell. Endocrinol., 218, 7, 10.1016/j.mce.2003.12.006 Dufort, 1999, Characteristics of a highly labile human type 5 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, Endocrinology, 140, 568, 10.1210/en.140.2.568 Mendonca, 1999, 17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydroghenase 3 deficiency in women, J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 84, 802, 10.1210/jc.84.2.802 Qin, 1993, Molecular cloning of multiple cDNAs encoding human enzymes structurally related to 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 46, 673, 10.1016/0960-0760(93)90308-J Khanna, 1995, Substrate specificity, gene structure, and tissue-specific distribution of multiple human 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases, J. Biol. Chem., 270, 20162, 10.1074/jbc.270.34.20162 Lin, 1997, Expression and characterization of recombinant type 2 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) from human prostate: demonstration of bifunctional 3 alpha/17 beta-HSD activity and cellular distribution, Mol. Endocrinol., 11, 1971, 10.1210/me.11.13.1971 Steckelbroeck, 2001, Expression of the 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 5 mRNA in the human brain, Mol. Cell. Endocrinol., 171, 165, 10.1016/S0303-7207(00)00432-9 Luu-The, 2001, Analysis and characteristics of multiple types of human 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 76, 143, 10.1016/S0960-0760(00)00155-2 Gazdar, 1990, Establishment and characterization of a human adrenocortical carcinoma cell line that expresses multiple pathways of steroid biosynthesis, Cancer Res., 50, 5488 Logie, 1999, Autocrine role of IGF-II in proliferation of human adrenocortical carcinoma NCI H295R cell line, J. Mol. Endocrinol., 23, 23, 10.1677/jme.0.0230023 Logie, 2000, Establishment and characterization of a human adrenocortical carcinoma xenograft model, Endocrinology, 141, 3165, 10.1210/en.141.9.3165 Borroni, 1997, A putative binding site for Sp1 is involved in transcriptional regulation of CYP17 gene expression in bovine ovary, Endocrinology, 138, 2011, 10.1210/en.138.5.2011 Wang, 2000, Transcriptional regulation of human 11beta-hydroxylase (hCYP11B1), Endocrinology, 141, 3587, 10.1210/en.141.10.3587 Dignam, 1983, Accurate transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II in a soluble extract from isolated mammalian nuclei, Nucleic Acids Res., 11, 1475, 10.1093/nar/11.5.1475 Morishima, 1995, Aromatase deficiency in a male and female siblings caused by a novel mutation and the physiologic role of estrogens, J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 80, 3689, 10.1210/jc.80.12.3689 Lin, 2001, NF-1C, Sp1, and Sp3 are essential for transcription of the human gene for P450c17 (steroid 17alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase) in human adrenal NCI-H295A cells, Mol. Endocrinol., 15, 1277, 10.1210/me.15.8.1277 Kennett, 1997, Sp3 encodes multiple proteins that differ in their capacity to stimulate or repress transcription, Nucleic Acids Res., 25, 3110, 10.1093/nar/25.15.3110 Kavurma, 2002, Ets-1 positively regulates Fas ligand transcription via cooperative interactions with Sp1, J. Biol. Chem., 277, 36244, 10.1074/jbc.M200463200 Raychowdhury, 2002, Mol. Endocrinol., 16, 2802, 10.1210/me.2001-0292 Arinze, 2003, Sp family of transcription factors is involved in valproic acid-induced expression of Galphai2, J. Biol. Chem., 278, 17785, 10.1074/jbc.M209430200 Crawford, 1999, Evolutionary analysis of TATA-less proximal promoter function, Mol. Biol. Evol., 16, 194, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026102 Johnson, 1988, Modulation of epidermal growth factor receptor proto-oncogene transcription by a promoter site sensitive to S1 nuclease, Mol. Cell. Biol., 8, 4174, 10.1128/MCB.8.10.4174 Ihn, 2000, Competition analysis of the human alpha2(I) collagen promoter using synthetic oligonucleotides, J. Invest. Dermatol., 114, 1011, 10.1046/j.1523-1747.2000.00956.x Marin, 1997, Transcription factor Sp1 is essential for early embryonic development but dispensable for cell growth and differentiation, Cell, 89, 619, 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80243-3 Bouwman, 2000, Transcription factor Sp3 is essential for post-natal survival and late tooth development, EMBO J., 19, 655, 10.1093/emboj/19.4.655 Gollner, 2001, Complex phenotype of mice homozygous for a null mutation in the Sp4 transcription factor gene, Genes Cells, 6, 689, 10.1046/j.1365-2443.2001.00455.x Harrison, 2000, Sp5, a new member of the Sp1 family, is dynamically expressed during development and genetically interacts with Brachyury, Dev. Biol., 227, 358, 10.1006/dbio.2000.9878 Suske, 1999, The Sp-family of transcription factors, Gene, 238, 291, 10.1016/S0378-1119(99)00357-1 Ahlgren, 1999, Role of Sp1 in cAMP-dependent transcriptional regulation of the bovine CYP11A gene, J. Biol. Chem., 274, 19422, 10.1074/jbc.274.27.19422 Majello, 1997, Sp3 is a bifunctional transcription regulator with modular independent activation and repression domains, J. Biol. Chem., 272, 4021, 10.1074/jbc.272.7.4021 Ross, 2002, SUMO-1 modification represses Sp3 transcriptional activation and modulates its subnuclear localization, Mol. Cell, 10, 831, 10.1016/S1097-2765(02)00682-2 Sapetschnig, 2002, Transcription factor Sp3 is silenced through SUMO modification by PIAS1, EMBO J., 21, 5206, 10.1093/emboj/cdf510 Cheng, 2000, Three zinc finger nuclear proteins, Sp1, Sp3, and a ZBP-89 homologue, bind to the cyclic adenosine monophosphate-responsive sequence of the bovine adrenodoxin gene and regulate transcription, Biochemistry, 39, 4347, 10.1021/bi992298f Momoi, 1992, 3′,5′-Cyclic adenosine monophosphate-dependent transcription of the CYP11A (cholesterol side chain cleavage cytochrome P450) gene involves a DNA response element containing a putative binding site for transcription factor Sp1, Mol. Endocrinol., 6, 1682, 10.1210/me.6.10.1682 Venepally, 1995, Two Sp1-binding sites mediate cAMP-induced transcription of the bovine CYP11A gene through the protein kinase A signaling pathway, J. Biol. Chem., 270, 25402, 10.1074/jbc.270.43.25402 Kagawa, 1992, Purification and characterization of a transcription factor which appears to regulate cAMP responsiveness of the human CYP21B gene, J. Biol. Chem., 267, 25213, 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)74027-7 Pelletier, 1999, Immunocytochemical localization of type 5 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in human reproductive tissues, J. Histochem. Cytochem., 47, 731, 10.1177/002215549904700602 Luu-The, 2001, Type 5 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase: its role in the formation of androgens in women, Mol. Cell. Endocrinol., 171, 77, 10.1016/S0303-7207(00)00425-1 Labrie, 2000, Role of 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases in sex steroid formation in peripheral intracrine tissues, Trends Endocrinol. Metab., 11, 421, 10.1016/S1043-2760(00)00342-8 Nelson, 2001, The biochemical basis for increased testosterone production in theca cells propagated from patients with polycystic ovary syndrome, J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 86, 5925, 10.1210/jcem.86.12.8088 Attia, 2000, Expression of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 5 in ovarial follicles, J. Soc. Gynecol. Investig., 7, 172A Quinkler, 2004, Androgen generation in adipose tissue in women with simple obesity—a site-specific role for 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 5, J. Endocrinol., 183, 331, 10.1677/joe.1.05762 Carani, 1997, Effect of testosterone and estradiol in a man with aromatase deficiency, N. Engl. J. Med., 337, 91, 10.1056/NEJM199707103370204 Belgorosky, 2003, Hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian axis during infancy, early and late prepuberty in an aromatase-deficient girl who is a compound heterocygote for two new point mutations of the CYP19 gene, J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 88, 5127, 10.1210/jc.2003-030433 Nishizawa, 2000, Close kinship of human 20alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase gene with three aldo-keto reductase genes, Genes Cells, 5, 111, 10.1046/j.1365-2443.2000.00310.x Qin, 1994, Structure of a gene coding for human dihydrodiol dehydrogenase/bile acid-binding protein, Gene, 149, 357, 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90176-7 Rheault, 1999, Structure and activity of the murine type 5 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase gene(1), Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1447, 17, 10.1016/S0167-4781(99)00106-2