Characteristics of heterotrophic nitrifying bacterium strain SFA13 isolated from the Songhua River
Tóm tắt
Strain SFA13, with the ability to perform simultaneous heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification, was isolated from the Songhua River. Investigation of the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of strain SFA13 revealed that its 16S rRNA gene sequence shares high similarity with that of Microbacterium esteraromaticum DSM 8609T (99.78 %). gyrB and recA gene sequences showed 92.40 % and 92.57 % similarity to those of M. esteraromaticum DSM 8609T, respectively, showing that strain SFA13 is a member of M. esteraromaticum. However, strain SFA13 showed distinctly different phenotypic characteristics from the type strain DSM 8609T. Strain SFA13 was negative for H2S production, β-fucosidase, hydrolysis of starch and Tween, utilization of salicin, l-alanine, d-fructose, d-galactose, d-glucose and d-trehalose; and positive for alkaline phosphatase, cystine arylamidase, acid phosphatase, naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase and β-galactosidase. The ammonium removal rate of strain SFA13 was affected by temperature, decreasing obviously as the temperature dropped from 30 °C to 10 °C. Even so, strain SFA13 exhibited a high ammonium removal efficiency at 5 °C. The highest ammonium removal rate was 4.41 mg NH4
+ L−1 h−1 when the initial ammonium concentration was 61.63 mg L−1 at 5 °C. Excessive ammonium (more than 62 mg L−1) restricted the ammonium removal rate of strain SFA13. This strain could be used effectively to remove low concentrations of ammonium ion at low temperature.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Andersson A, Laurent P, Kihn A, Prevost M, Servais P (2001) Impact of temperature on nitrification in biological activated carbon (BAC) filters used for drinking water treatment. Water Res 35:2923–2934. doi:10.1016/S0043-1354(00)00579-0
Cáceres TP, Megharaj M, Malik S, Beer M, Naidu R (2009) Hydrolysis of fenamiphos and its toxic oxidation products by Microbacterium sp. in pure culture and groundwater. Bioresour Technol 100:2732–2736. doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2008.12.043
Chen P, Li J, Li QX, Wang Y, Li S, Ren T, Wang L (2012) Simultaneous heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification by bacterium Rhodococcus sp. CPZ24. Bioresour Technol 116:266–270. doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2012.02.050
Gerhardt P, Murray R, Wood WA, Krieg NR (1994) Methods for general and molecular bacteriology, vol 1325. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, DC
Joo HS, Hirai M, Shoda M (2005) Characteristics of ammonium removal by heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification by Alcaligenes faecalis No. 4. J Biosci Bioeng 100:184–191. doi:10.1263/jbb.100.184
Joo HS, Hirai M, Shoda M (2006) Piggery wastewater treatment using Alcaligenes faecalis strain No. 4 with heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification. Water Res 40:3029–3036. doi:10.1016/j.watres.2006.06.021
Khardenavis AA, Kapley A, Purohit HJ (2007) Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification by diverse Diaphorobacter sp. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 77:403–409. doi:10.1007/s00253-007-1176-5
Kim JK, Park KJ, Cho KS, Nam SW, Park TJ, Bajpai R (2005) Aerobic nitrification-denitrification by heterotrophic Bacillus strains. Bioresour Technol 96:1897–1906. doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2005.01.040
Klatte S, Rainey FA, Kroppenstedt RM (1994) Transfer of Rhodococcus aichiensis Tsukamura 1982 andNocardia amarae Lechevalier and Lechevalier 1974 to the Genus Gordona as Gordona aichiensiscomb. nov. and Gordona amarae comb. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 44:769–773. doi:10.1099/00207713-44-4-769
Kämpfer P, Kroppenstedt RM (1996) Numerical analysis of fatty acid patterns of coryneform bacteria and related taxa. Can J Microbiol 42:989–1005. doi:10.1139/m96-128
Lin Y, Kong HN, He YL, Liu BB, Inamori Y, Yan L (2007) Isolation and characterization of a new heterotrophic nitrifying Bacillus sp. strain. Biomed Environ Sci 20:450–455
Lu WL (1987) Water quality. Determination of ammonium—Nessler’s reagent colorimetric method (GB7479-87). Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing
Madhaiyan M, Poonguzhali S, Lee JS, Lee KC, Saravanan VS, Santhanakrishnan P (2010) Microbacterium azadirachtae sp. nov., a plant-growth-promoting actinobacterium isolated from the rhizoplane of neem of seedlings. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 60:1687–1692. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.015800-0
Olivera NL, Nievas ML, Lozada M, Del Prado G, Dionisi HM, Siñeriz F (2009) Isolation and characterization of biosurfactant-producing Alcanivorax strains: hydrocarbon accession strategies and alkane hydroxylase gene analysis. Res Microbiol 160:19–26. doi:10.1016/j.resmic.2008.09.011
Omelianski VL (1923) Aroma-producing microorganisms. J Bacteriol 8:393–419
Richert K, Brambilla E, Stackebrandt E (2005) Development of PCR primers specific for the amplification and direct sequencing of gyrB genes from microbacteria, order Actinomycetales. J Microbiol Meth 60:115–123. doi:10.1016/j.mimet.2004.09.004
Richert K, Brambilla E, Stackebrandt E (2007) The phylogenetic significance of peptidoglycan types: molecular analysis of the genera Microbacterium and Aureobacterium based upon sequence comparison of gyrB, rpoB, recA and ppk and 16SrRNA genes. Syst Appl Microbiol 30:102–108. doi:10.1016/j.syapm.2006.04.001
Robertson LA, Kuenen JG (1983) Thiosphaera pantotropha gen. nov. sp. nov., a facultatively anaerobic, facultatively autotrophic sulphur bacterium. J Gen Microbiol 129:2847–2855
Saitou N, Nei M (1987) The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol 4:406–425
Sasser M (1990) MIDI technical note 101. Identification of bacteria by gas chromatography of cellular fatty acids. MIDI, Newark, DE, pp 1–7
Skerman VBD, McGowan V, Sneath PHA (1980) Approved lists of bacterial names. Int J Syst Bacteriol 30:225–420
Takeuchi M, Hatano K (1998) Union of the genera Microbacterium Orla-Jensen and Aureobacterium Collins et al. in a redefined genus Microbacterium. Int J Syst Bacteriol 3:739–747. doi:10.1099/00207713-48-3-739
Tamura K, Dudley J, Nei M, Kumar S (2007) MEGA4: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis (MEGA) software version 4.0. Mol Biol Evol 24:1596–1599. doi:10.1093/molbev/msm092
Taylor SM, He Y, Zhao B, Huang J (2009) Heterotrophic ammonium removal characteristics of an aerobic heterotrophic nitrifying-denitrifying bacterium, Providencia rettgeri YL. J Environ Sci (China) 21:1336–1341. doi:10.1016/S1001-0742(08)62423-7
Thompson JD, Higgins DG, Gibson TJ (1994) CLUSTAL W: improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice. Nucleic Acids Res 22:4673–4680. doi:10.1093/nar/22.22.4673
Yang X, Wang S, Zhang D, Zhou L (2011) Isolation and nitrogen removal characteristics of an aerobic heterotrophic nitrifying -denitrifying bacterium, Bacillus subtilis A1. Bioresour Technol 102:854–862. doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2010.09.007
Yao S, Ni J, Chen Q, Borthwick AGL (2013) Enrichment and characterization of a bacteria consortium capable of heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification at low temperature. Bioresour Technol 127:151–157. doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2012.09.098
Yokota A, Takeuchi M, Sakane T, Weiss N (1993) Proposal of six new species in the genus Aureobacterium and transfer of Flavobacterium esteraromaticum Omelianski to the genus Aureobacterium as Aureobacterium esteraromaticum comb. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 43:555–564. doi:10.1099/00207713-43-3-555
Zhang J, Wu P, Hao B, Yu Z (2011) Heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification by the bacterium Pseudomonas stutzeri YZN-001. Bioresour Technol 102:9866–9869. doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2011.07.118
Zhang D, Li W, Huang X, Qin W, Liu M (2013) Removal of ammonium in surface water at low temperature by a newly isolated Microbacterium sp. strain SFA13. Bioresour Technol 137:147–152. doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2013.03.094
Zhao B, He YL, Hughes J, Zhang XF (2010) Heterotrophic nitrogen removal by a newly isolated Acinetobacter calcoaceticus HNR. Bioresour Technol 101:5194–5200. doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2010.02.043
Zhao B, An Q, He YL, Guo JS (2012) N2O and N2 production during heterotrophic nitrification by Alcaligenes faecalis strain NR. Bioresour Technol 116:379–385. doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2012.03.113
Zlamala C, Schumann P, Kämpfer P, Valens M, Rosselló-Mora R, Lubitz W, Busse HJ (2002) Microbacterium aerolatum sp. nov., isolated from the air in the ‘Virgilkapelle’ in Vienna. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:1229–1234. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.02013-0