Chapter 25 Oxidative Stress in Stroke Pathophysiology

Anderson, 2001, The LTP program: A data acquisition program for on‐line analysis of long‐term potentiation and other synaptic events, J. Neurosci. Methods, 108, 71, 10.1016/S0165-0270(01)00374-0 Avshalumov, 2003, Activation of ATP‐sensitive K+ (KATP) channels by H2O2 underlies glutamate‐dependent inhibition of striatal dopamine release, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 100, 11729, 10.1073/pnas.1834314100 Brannan, 1981, Regional distribution of catalase in the adult rat brain, J. Neurochem., 36, 307, 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1981.tb02411.x Calabresi, 1992, Long‐term synaptic depression in the striatum: Physiological and pharmacological characterization, J. Neurosci., 12, 4224, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.12-11-04224.1992 Chaudiere, 1984, Mechanism of selenium‐glutathione peroxidase and its inhibition by mercaptocarboxylic acids and other mercaptans, J. Biol. Chem., 259, 1043, 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)43563-0 Chen, 2001, H2O2 is a novel, endogenous modulator of synaptic dopamine release, J. Neurophysiol., 85, 2468, 10.1152/jn.2001.85.6.2468 Crack, 2001, Increased infarct size and exacerbated apoptosis in the glutathione peroxidase‐1 (Gpx‐1) knockout mouse brain in response to ischemia/reperfusion injury, J. Neurochem., 78, 1389, 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00535.x Crack, 2006, Potential contribution of NF‐kappaB in neuronal cell death in the glutathione peroxidase‐1 knockout mouse in response to ischemia‐reperfusion injury, Stroke, 37, 1533, 10.1161/01.STR.0000221708.17159.64 De Marchesa, 1974, Glutathione peroxidase levels in brain, J. Neurochem., 22, 773, 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1974.tb04293.x Dirnagl, 1999, Pathobiology of ischemic stroke: An integrated view, Trends Neurosci., 22, 391, 10.1016/S0166-2236(99)01401-0 Fowler, 1997, Hydrogen peroxide opposes the hypoxic depression of evoked synaptic transmission in rat hippocampal slices, Brain Res., 766, 255, 10.1016/S0006-8993(97)00699-9 Fridovich, 1995, Superoxide radical and superoxide dismutases, Annu. Rev. Biochem., 64, 97, 10.1146/annurev.bi.64.070195.000525 Geracitano, 2003, Altered long‐term corticostriatal synaptic plasticity in transgenic mice overexpressing human Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (GLY (93)→ALA) mutation, Neuroscience, 118, 399, 10.1016/S0306-4522(02)00809-6 Geracitano, 2005, Protective role of hydrogen peroxide in oxygen‐deprived dopaminergic neurones of the rat substantia nigra, J. Physiol., 568, 97, 10.1113/jphysiol.2005.092510 Halliwell, 1992, Reactive oxygen species and the central nervous system, J. Neurochemistry, 59, 1609, 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb10990.x Hoehn, 2003, Glutathione peroxidase overexpression inhibits cytochrome C release and proapoptotic mediators to protect neurons from experimental stroke, Stroke, 34, 2489, 10.1161/01.STR.0000091268.25816.19 Kumari Naga, 2007, Changes in endogenous antioxidant enzymes during cerebral ischemia and reperfusion, Neurol. Res., 29, 877, 10.1179/016164107X181842 Li, 2000, Caspase inhibitors reduce neuronal injury after focal but not global cerebral ischemia in rats, Stroke, 31, 176, 10.1161/01.STR.31.1.176 Lievre, 2000, Free radical production and changes in superoxide dismutases associated with hypoxia/reoxygenation‐induced apoptosis of embryonic rat forebrain neurons in culture, Free Radic. Biol. Med., 29, 1291, 10.1016/S0891-5849(00)00433-0 Lipton, 1999, Ischemic cell death in brain neurons, Physiol. Rev., 79, 1431, 10.1152/physrev.1999.79.4.1431 Lo, 2003, Mechanisms, challenges and opportunities in stroke, Nat. Rev. Neurosci., 4, 399, 10.1038/nrn1106 Longa, 1989, Reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion without craniotomy in rats, Stroke, 20, 84, 10.1161/01.STR.20.1.84 Nisticò, 2008, Neuroprotective effect of hydrogen peroxide on an in vitro model of brain ischemia, Br. J. Pharmacol., 153, 1022, 10.1038/sj.bjp.0707587 Sheldon, 2008, Genetic and pharmacologic manipulation of oxidative stress after neonatal hypoxia‐ischemia, Int. J. Dev. Neurosci., 26, 87, 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2007.08.010 Ter Horst, 1994, Differential glutathione peroxidase mRNA up‐regulations in rat forebrain areas after transient hypoxia‐ischemia, Ann. NY Acad. Sci., 738, 329, 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb21819.x Vanden Hoek, 1997, Significant levels of oxidants are generated by isolated cardiomyocytes during ischemia prior to reperfusion, J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol., 29, 2571, 10.1006/jmcc.1997.0497 Vanella, 1993, Free radical scavenger depletion in post‐ischemic reperfusion brain damage, Neurochem. Res., 18, 1337, 10.1007/BF00975056 Walton, 1983, Hydrogen peroxide as a source of molecular oxygen for in vitro mammalian CNS preparations, Brain Res., 278, 387, 10.1016/0006-8993(83)90280-9 Warner, 2004, Oxidants, antioxidants and the ischemic brain, J. Exp. Biol., 207, 3221, 10.1242/jeb.01022 Weisbrot‐Lefkowitz, 1998, Overexpression of human glutathione peroxidase protects transgenic mice against focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion damage, Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res., 53, 333, 10.1016/S0169-328X(97)00313-6