Chain pillar design for U.S. longwall panels

Kripakov, 1981, Analysis of pillar stability on steeply pitching seam using the finite element method, USBM RI 8579, 33 Euler, 1979, Improving longwall entry development and operation, 65, 21 Babcock, 1969, Effect of end constraint on the compressive strength of model rock pillar, Trans. AIME, 244, 357 Babcock, 1981, Review of pillar design equations including the effects of constraint, 23 Peng, 1972, Crackgrowth and faulting in cylindrical specimens of Chelmsford granite, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 9, 37, 10.1016/0148-9062(72)90050-2 Peng, 1982, Development of roof control criteria for longwall mining—parametric modeling I, 51 Peng, 1980, 3-D structural analysis of longwall panels, 44 1984, 1.1 Rice, 1929, Tests of strength of roof supports used in Anthractie mines of Pennsylvania, USBM Bul. 303, 44 Peng, 1980, 3-D structural analysis of retreating longwall panel, Vol. B4, 1 Hsiung, 1984, Structural design guidelines for long-wall panel layout, 217 Lu, 1983, Stability evaluation of chain pillars in retreating longwall, workings with regressive integrity factors Bieniawski, 1969, In situ large scale testing of coal, 67 Acharya, 1982, In-mine assessment of pillar stress and entry load in main and tail entries in retreating longwall mining at Quarto No. 4 mine, 101 Thill, 1982, Engineering properties of Coal Measure rocks, 1 Peng, 1976, Rock quality and property determination for federal No. 2 Mine, TBM Project, Final Report submitted to USBM, 64 Conroy, 1977, Rock mechanics studies, Preliminary Report Panel 1, Job No. 7734-002-07, 110 Moebs, 1976, Geologic and ground control aspects of an experimental shortwall operation in the Upper Ohio Valley, USBM, RI 8112, 29 Peng, 1977, Rock mechanics study for the shortwall mining at the Valley Camp No. 3 Mine, Triadelphia, WV, Final Report submitted to USBM, Contract No. J0155125, 30 Dangerfield, 1981, Longwall experience in the Pittsburgh seam, 6 Choi, 1975, Design of longwall development headings, Trans. AIME, 258, 358 Peng, 1976, Roof control studies at Olga No. 1 Mine, Coalwood, WV, Final Report submitted to USBM, Contract No. J0155125, 22 Stewart, 1979, Rock mechanics instrumentation program for Kaiser Steel Corporation's demonstration of shield-type longwall supports at York Canyon Mine, Raton, NM, Final Technical Report submitted to U.S. DOE, 318 M.G. Schuerger, personal communication, 1983. Aggson, 1978, Coal mine floor heave in the Beckley coalbed, an analysis, USBM RI 8274, 32 Agapito, 1980, Determination of in situ horizontal rock stress on both a mine-wide and district-wide basis, Final Report to USBM, Contract No. J0285020, 173 Conroy, 1983, Characterization of subsidence over longwall mining panels—eastern Coal Province, Final Technical Report submitted to DOE, Contract No. DE-AC22-80PC30335, 87