Case series: Mitragynine blood and tissue concentrations in fatalities from 2017 to 2018 in Orange County, CA, USA
Tài liệu tham khảo
Kronstrand, 2011, Unintentional fatal intoxications with mitragynine and o-desmethyltramadol from herbal blend krypton, J. Anal. Toxicol., 35, 242, 10.1093/anatox/35.4.242
Stolt, 2014, Behavioral and neurochemical characterization of Kratom (Mitrgyna speciosa) extract, Psychopharmacology, 231, 13, 10.1007/s00213-013-3201-y
Prozialeck, 2012, Pharmacology of Kratom: an emerging botanical agent with stimulant, analgesic and opioid-like effects, J. Am Osteopathic Assoc, 112
Tavakoli, 2017, Kratom: an emerging drug of abuse, Emergency Med., 5, 209, 10.12788/emed.2017.0025
Trakulsrichai, 2015, Pharmacokinetics of mitragynine in man, Drug Design, Dev. Ther., 9, 2421
McIntyre, 2018, Mitragynine ‘Kratom’ related fatality: a case report with postmortem concentrations, J. Anal. Toxicol., 39, 152, 10.1093/jat/bku137
Holler, 2011, A drug toxicity death involving propylhexedrine and mitragynine, J. Anal. Toxicol., 35, 54, 10.1093/anatox/35.1.54
Hassan, 2013, From Kratom to mitragynine and its derivatives: physiological and behavioral effects related to use, abuse, and addition, Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev., 37, 138, 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2012.11.012
Pantano, 2016, Hepatotoxicity induced by “the 3Ks”: kava, kratom, and khat, Int. J. Forensic Sci., 580, 1
Cinosi, 2015, Following “the roots” of Kratom (mitragyna speciosa): the evolution of an enhancer from traditional use to increase work and productivity in southeast Asia to a recreational psychoactive drug in western countries, Biomed. Res. Int., 3, 1, 10.1155/2015/968786
Singh, 2014, Kratom (mitrgyna speciosa) dependence, withdrawal symptoms and craving in regular users, Drug Alcohol Depend., 139, 132, 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.03.017
Oliveria, 2016, Chemical characterization and in vitro cyto- and genotoxicity of ‘legal high’ products containing Kratom (mitrgyna speciosa), Forensic Toxicol., 34, 213, 10.1007/s11419-015-0305-6
Fluyau, 2017, Biochemical benefits, diagnosis, and clinical risks evaluation of Kratom, Frontier in Psychiatry, 8, 1
This is 14a (fix in paper) everything below needs to be updated. Kapp, FG, Maurer HH, Auwarter, V, et al. (2011) Intrahepatic cholestasis following abuse of powdered Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa). J. Med. Toxicol. 7(3): pp. 227–231.
This is 14b. Aggarwal, G., Robertson, E., Mckinlay, J., and Walter, E. (2017) Death from Kratom toxicity and the possible role of intralipid. J. Intensive Care Soc. 0(0): pp. 1–3.
Wright, 2018, Suspected driving under the influence case involving mitragynine, J. Anal. Toxicol., 42, e65, 10.1093/jat/bky028
Domingo, 2017, Mitragynine concentrations in two fatalities, Forensic Sci. Int., 271, e1, 10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.12.020
Anwar, 2016, Notes from the field. Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) exposures reported to poison centers – United States, Morb. Mortal. Wkly Rep., 65, 748, 10.15585/mmwr.mm6529a4
Neerman, 2013, A drug fatality involving Kratom, J. Forensic Sci., 58, S278, 10.1111/1556-4029.12009
Davis, 2014, Complete republication: national association of medical examiners position paper: recommendations for the investigation, diagnosis, and certification of deaths related to opioid drugs, J. Med. Toxicol., 10, 100, 10.1007/s13181-013-0323-x
O’Malley, 2019, Notes from the field. Unintentional drug overdose deaths with Kratom detected – 27 states, – December 2017, Morbidity Mortality Wkly. Rep., 68, 326, 10.15585/mmwr.mm6814a2
Papsun, 2019, The trouble with Kratom: analytical and interpretative issues involving mitragynine, J. Anal. Toxicol., 43, 615, 10.1093/jat/bkz064
3 Report from the Scientific Working Group for Forensic Toxicology: Scientific Working Group for Forensic Toxicology (SWGTOX) standard practices for method validation in forensic toxicology. J. Anal. Toxicol. 37, 452 – 474.
Yarema, 2005, Key concepts in postmortem drug redistribution, J. Clin. Toxicol., 43, 235, 10.1081/CLT-58950