Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes in the Losartan Intervention For Endpoint reduction in hypertension study (LIFE): a randomised trial against atenolol

The Lancet - Tập 359 Số 9311 - Trang 1004-1010 - 2002
Lars Lindholm1, Hans Ibsen2, Björn Dahlöf3, Richard B. Devereux4, Gareth Beevers5, Ulf dé Fairé6, Frej Fyhrquist7, Stevo Julius8, Sverre E. Kjeldsen9, Krister Kristiansson10, Ole Lederballe‐Pedersen11, Markku S. Nieminen7, Per Omvik12, Suzanne Oparil13, Hans Wedel14, Peter Aurup15, Jonathan M. Edelman15, Steven Snapinn15
1Umeå University Hospital, Sweden
2Glostrup University Hospital, Denmark
3Sahlgrenska University Hospital-Östra, Gothenburg, Sweden
4Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
5City Hospital, Birmingham, UK
6Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
7Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland
8University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, MI, USA
9Ullevaal University Hospital Oslo, Norway
10Merck Research Laboratories Scandinavia, Stockholm
11Viborg Hospital, Denmark
12Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
13University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, AL, USA
14The Nordic School of Public Health, Gothenburg
15Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA, USA

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Dahlöf, 2002, Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the Losartan Intervention For Endpoint reduction in hypertension study (LIFE): a randomised trial against atenolol, Lancet, 359, 995, 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08089-3

Dahlöf, 1997, The Losartan Intervention For Endpoint reduction (LIFE) in Hypertension Study: rationale, design, and methods, Am J Hypertens, 10, 705, 10.1016/S0895-7061(97)88956-X

Dahlöf, 1998, Characteristics of 9,194 patients with left ventricular hypertrophy: the LIFE Study, Hypertension, 32, 989, 10.1161/01.HYP.32.6.989

Kjeldsen, 2000, Lowering of blood pressure and predictors of response in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy: the LIFE Study, Am J Hypertens, 13, 899, 10.1016/S0895-7061(00)00280-6

Kannel, 1979, Diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors in the Framingham study, Circulation, 59, 8, 10.1161/01.CIR.59.1.8

Stamler, 1993, Diabetes, other risk factors and 12-year cardiovascular mortality for men screened in Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial, Diabetes Care, 16, 434, 10.2337/diacare.16.2.434

Zimmet, 2001, Global and societal implications of the diabetic epidemic, Nature, 414, 782, 10.1038/414782a

1985

Andersson, 1991, An updated coronary risk profile: a statement for health professionals, Circulation, 83, 356, 10.1161/01.CIR.83.1.356

Curb, 1996, Effect of diuretic based antihypertensive treatment on cardiovascular disease risk in older patients with isolated systolic hypertension, JAMA, 276, 1886, 10.1001/jama.1996.03540230036032

Tatti, 1998, Outcome results of the fosinopril versus amlodipine cardiovascular events randomized trial (FACET) in patients with hypertension and NIDDM, Diabetes Care, 21, 597, 10.2337/diacare.21.4.597

Estacio, 1998, The effect of nisoldipine as compared with enalapril on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes and hypertension, N Engl J Med, 338, 645, 10.1056/NEJM199803053381003

1998, Efficacy of atenolol and captopril in reducing risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 39, BMJ, 317, 713, 10.1136/bmj.317.7160.713

Hansson, 1999, Effect of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibition compared with conventional therapy on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hypertension: the Captopril Prevention Project (CAPPP) randomised trial, Lancet, 353, 611, 10.1016/S0140-6736(98)05012-0

Tuomilehto, 1999, Effects of calcium-channel blockade in older patients with diabetes and systolic hypertension, N Engl J Med, 340, 677, 10.1056/NEJM199903043400902

Hansson, 1998, Effects of intensive blood-pressure lowering and low-dose aspirin in patients with hypertension: principal results of the Hypertension Optimal Treatment (HOT) randomised trial, Lancet, 351, 1755, 10.1016/S0140-6736(98)04311-6

2000, Effects of ramipril on cardiovascular and microvascular outcomes in people with diabetes mellitus: results of the HOPE study and MICRO-HOPE substudy, Lancet, 355, 253, 10.1016/S0140-6736(99)12323-7

Lindholm, 2000, Comparison of antihypertensive treatments in preventing cardiovascular events in elderly diabetic patients: results from the Swedish Trial in Old Patients with Hypertension-2, J Hypertens, 18, 1671, 10.1097/00004872-200018110-00020

Hansson, 2000, Randomised trial of effects of calcium antagonists compared with diuretics and beta-blockers on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hypertension: the Nordic Diltiazem (NORDIL) study, Lancet, 356, 359, 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)02526-5

Brown, 2000, Morbidity and mortality in patients randomised to double-blind treatment with a long-acting calcium-channel blocker or diuretic in the International Nifedipine GITS study: Intervention as a Goal in Hypertension Treatment (INSIGHT), Lancet, 356, 366, 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)02527-7

Yusuf, 2000, Effects of an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, ramipril, on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients: the Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators, N Engl J Med, 342, 145, 10.1056/NEJM200001203420301

Brenner, 2001, Effects of losartan on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy, N Engl J Med, 345, 861, 10.1056/NEJMoa011161

Lewis, 2001, Renoprotective effect of the angiotensin-receptor antagonist irbesartan in patients with nephropathy due to type 2 diabetes, N Engl J Med, 345, 851, 10.1056/NEJMoa011303

Devereux, 2000, Impact of diabetes on cardiac structure and function: the Strong Heart Study, Circulation, 101, 2271, 10.1161/01.CIR.101.19.2271

Palmieri, 2001, Impact of type II diabetes on left ventricular geometry and function: the Hypertension Genetic Epidemiology Network (HyperGEN) Study, Circulation, 103, 102, 10.1161/01.CIR.103.1.102

Bella, 2001, Separate and joint effects of hypertension and diabetes mellitus on left ventricular structure and function: the Strong Heart Study, Am J Cardiol, 87, 1260, 10.1016/S0002-9149(01)01516-8

Liu, 2000, Cardiovascular disease and prognosis in adults with glucose disorders: the Strong Heart Study, J Am Coll Cardiol, 35, 263A

1999, 1999 World Health Organisation-International Society of Hypertension guidelines for the management of hypertension, J Hypertens, 17, 151

Weir, 1999, The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: a specific target for hypertension management, Am J Hypertension, 12, 205S, 10.1016/S0895-7061(99)00103-X

2002, Diabetic nephropathy, Diabetes Care, 25, S85