Carbon dioxide dynamics in rivers and coastal waters of the “big island” of Hawaii, USA, during baseline and heavy rain conditions

Abril G, Etcheber H, Borges AV, Frankignoulle M (2000) Excess atmospheric carbon dioxide transported into the Scheldt estuary. Compte Rendus de l’Académie des Sciences de Paris, Sciences de la Terre et des planètes 330:761–768 Abril G, Borges AV (2004) Carbon dioxide and methane emissions from estuaries: Berlin, Springer. In: Tremblay A, Varfalvy L, Roehm C, Garneau M (eds) Greenhouse gases emissions from natural environments and hydroelectric reservoirs: Fluxes and processes. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, pp 187–207 Atekwana EA, Krishnamurthy RV (1998) Seasonal variations of dissolved inorganic carbon and C of surface waters: application of a modified gas evolution technique. J Hydrol 205:265–278 Barth JAC, Veizer J (1999) Carbon cycle in St. Lawrence aquatic ecosystems at Cornwall Ontario, Canada: seasonal and spatial variations. Chem Geol 159:107–128 Bates NR, Samuels L, Merlivat L (2001) Biogeochemical and physical factors influencing seawater fCO2, and air–sea CO2 exchange on the Bermuda coral reef. Limnol Oceanogr 46:833–846 Borges AV (2005) Do we have enough pieces of the jigsaw to integrate CO2 fluxes in the coastal ocean. Estuaries 28:1–25 Borges A, Djenedi S, Lacroix G, Theate J-M, Delille B, Frankignoulle M (2003) Atmospheric CO2 flux from mangrove surrounding waters. Geophys Res Lett 30(11):1558, doi:10.1029/2003GL017143 Borges AV, Delille B, Frankignoulle M (2005) Budgeting sinks and sources of CO2 in the coastal ocean: diversity of ecosystems counts. Geophys Res Lett 32(14):L14601, doi:10.1029/2005GL023053 Bouillon S, Frankignoulle M, Dehairs F, Velimorov B, Eiler A, Abril G, Etchebe H, Borges AV (2003) Inorganic and organic carbon biogeochemistry in the Gautami Godavari estuary (Andhra Pradesh, India) during pre-monsoon: the local impact of extensive mangrove forests. Global Biogeochem Cycles 17(4):1114, doi:10.1029/2002GB002026 Brady PV, Dorn RI, Brazel AJ, Clarck J, Moore RB, Glidewell T (1999) Direct measurement of the combined effects of lichen, rainfall, and temperature on silicate weathering. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 63:3293–3300 Cai WJ, Wang Y (1998) The chemistry, fluxes, and sources of carbon dioxide in the estuarine waters of the Satilla and Altamaha rivers, Georgia. Limnol Oceanogr 43:657–668 Cai W-J (2003) Riverine inorganic carbon flux and rate of biological uptake in the Mississippi River plume. Geophys Res Lett 30(2):1032, doi:10.1029/2002GL016312 Cai WJ, Wang AZ, Wang Y (2003a) The biogeochemistry of inorganic carbon and nutrients in the Pearl River estuary and the adjacent Northern South China Sea. Continental Shelf Res 24:1301–1319 Cai WJ, Wang Y, Krest J, Moore WS (2003b) The geochemistry of dissolved inorganic carbon in a surficial groundwater aquifer in North Inlet, South Carolina, and the carbon fluxes to the coastal ocean. Geochem Cosmochim Acta 67:631–637 Cole JJ, Caraco NF, Kling GW, Kratz TK (1994) Carbon dioxide supersaturation in the surface waters of lakes. Science 265:1568–1570 Cole JJ, Caraco NF (2001) Carbon in catchments: connecting terrestrial carbon losses with aquatic metabolism. Mar Freshw Res 52:101–110 Dessert C, Dupré B, Gaillardet J, Francois LM, Allègre CJ (2003) Basalt weathering and the impact of basalt weathering on the global carbon cycle. Chem Geol 202:257–273 Fagan K, Mackenzie FT (2006) Air–sea CO2 exchange in a sub-tropical estuarine/coral reefs systems, Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii, Oahu, USA. Mar Chem (in press) Frankignoulle M, Abril G, Borges AV, Bourge I, Canon C, Delille B, Libert E, Théate J-M (1998) Carbon dioxide emission from European estuaries. Science 282:434–436 Frankignoulle M, Gattuso J-P, Biondo R, Bourge I, Copin-Montégut G, Pichon M (1996a) Carbon fluxes in coral reefs. II. Eulerian study of inorganic carbon dynamics and measurement of air–sea CO2 exchanges. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 145:123–132 Frankignoulle M, Bourge I, Wollast R (1996b) Atmospheric CO2 fluxes in a highly polluted estuary (The Scheldt). Limnol Oceanogr 41:365–369 Garrels RM, Mackenzie FT (1971) Evolution of sedimentary rocks New York. W. W. and Company, Norton, 397 pp Gattuso J-P, Pichon M, Delesalle B, Frankignoulle F (1993) Community metabolism and air–sea CO2 fluxes in a coral reef ecosystem (Moorea, French Polynesia). Mar Ecol Prog Ser 96:2567–2579 Gran G (1952) Determination of the equivalence point in potentiometric titrations. Part II. Analysis 77:661–671 Helie J-F, Hillaire-Marcel C, Rondeau B (2002) Seasonal changes in the sources and fluxes of dissolved inorganic carbon through the St. Lawrence River-isotopic and chemical constraint. Chem Geol 186:117–138 Herman PMJ, Heip CHR (1999) Biogeochemistry of the MAximum TURbidity Zone of Estuaries MATURE. J Mar Syst 22:89–104 Ito RG, Schneider B, Thomas H (2005) Seasonal variations of fCO2 in seawater of the southwestern subtropical Atlantic and adjacent continental shelf. J Mar Syst 56:227–242 Jones JJB, Mulholland PJ (1998) Carbon dioxide variation in a hardwood forest stream: An integrative measure of whole catchment soil respiration. Ecosystems 1:183–196 Jones JJB, Stanley EH, Mulholland PJ (2003) Long-term decline in carbon dioxide supersaturation in rivers across the contiguous United States. Geophys Res Lett 30(10):1495, doi:10.1029/2003GL017056 Kempe S, Pettine M, Cauwet G (1991) Biogeochemistry of Europe rivers. In: Degens ET, Kempe S, Richey JE (eds) Biogeochemistry of Major World Rivers, SCOPE 42. John Wiley & Sons, New York N.K., pp 169–211 Kling GW, Kipphut GW, Miller MC (1991) Arctic lakes and streams as gas conduits to the atmosphere: Implications for tundra carbon budgets. Science 251:298–301 Li Y-H (1988) Denudations rates of the Hawaiian islands by rivers and groundwaters. Pacific Sci 42:253–266 Ludwig W, Probst JL, Kempe S (1996) Predicting the oceanic input of organic carbon by continental erosion. Global Biogeochem Cycles 10:23–42 Mackenzie FT, Lerman A, Andersson AJ (2004) Past and present of sediment and carbon biogeochemical cycling models. Biogeosci Discussions 1:11–32, http://www.biogeosciences.net/bgd/1/27/ Mehrbach C, Culberson CH, Hawley JE, Pytkowicz RM (1973) Measurements of the apparent dissociation constants of carbonic acid in seawater at atmospheric pressure. Limnol Oceanogr 18:897–907 Meybeck M, Helmer R (1989) The quality of rivers: from pristine stage to global pollution, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology. Palaeoecology 75:283–309 Milliman JD, Farnsworth KL, Albertin CS (1999) Flux and fate of fluvial sediments leaving large islands in the East Indies. J Sea Res 41:97–107 Mukhopadhyay SK, Biswas H, De TK, Sen S, Jana TK (2002) Seasonal effects on the air–water carbon dioxide exchange in the Hooghly estuary, NE coast of Gulf of Bengal, India. J Environ Monitor 4:549–552 Raymond PA, Bauer JE, Cole JJ (2000) Atmospheric CO2 evasion dissolved inorganic carbon production, and net heterotrophy in the York estuary. Limnol Oceanogr 45:1707–1717 Regnier P, Steefel CI (1999) A high resolution estimate of the inorganic nitrogen flux from the Scheldt estuary to the coastal North Sea during a nitrogen-limited algal bloom, spring 1995. Geochem Cosmochim Acta 63:1359–1374 Richey JE, Melack JM, Aufdenkampe AK, Ballester VM, Hess LL (2002) Outgassing from Amazonian rivers as wetlands as a large tropical source of atmospheric CO2. Nature 416:617–620 Sabine CL, Feely RA, Gruber N, Key RM, Bullister L, Wanninkhof R, Wong CS, Wallace DWR, Tilbrook B, Millero FJ, Peng T-H, Kozyr A, Ono T, Rios AF (2004) The oceanic sink for anthropogenic CO2. Science 305:367–371 Sarma VVSS, Kumar MD, Manerikar M (2001) Emission of carbon dioxide from a tropical estuarine system, Goa, India. Geophy Res Lett 28(7):1239–1242, doi:10.1029/2000GL006114 Sehmi K (1996) Erosion et transfert de matière sur le basin versant de la Garonne, influence de la sécheresse, thèse. Université Louis-Pasteur, Strasbourg, 203 pp Stewart BW, Capo RC, Chadwick OA (2001) Effects of rainfall on weathering rate, cation provenance, and Sr isotope composition of Hawaiian soils. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 5:1087–1099 Telmer K, Veizer J (1999) Carbon fluxes, pCO2 and substrate weathering in a large northern river basin, Canada: carbon isotope perspectives. Chem Geol 159:61–86 Ternon JF, Oudot C, Dessier A, Diverres D (2000) A seasonal tropical sink for atmospheric CO2 in the Atlantic ocean: the role of the Amazon River discharge. Mar Chem 68:183–201 Weiss RF (1974) Carbon dioxide in water and seawater: the solubility of a non-ideal gas. Mar Chem 2:203–215 Wollast R (1988) The Scheldt estuary. In: Salomons W, Bayne BL, Duursma EK, Forstner U (eds) Pollution of the North Sea, an assessment. Springer, Berlin, pp 183–193 Yee JJS, Ewart CJ (1986) Biological, morphological, and chemical characteristics of Wailuku River. U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report, Hawaii, pp 85–4285, 64 p Zhai W, Dai M, Cai W-J, Wang Y, Hong H (2005) The partial pressure of carbon dioxide and air–sea fluxes in the northern South China Sea in spring, summer and autumn. Mar Chem 96:87–97