Carbon Monitor, a near-real-time daily dataset of global CO2 emission from fossil fuel and cement production

Scientific data - Tập 7 Số 1
Zhu Liu1, Philippe Ciais2, Zhu Deng1, Steven J. Davis3, Bo Zheng2, Yilong Wang4, Daan Cui1, Biqing Zhu1, Xinyu Dou1, Piyu Ke1, Taochun Sun1, Rui Guo1, Haiwang Zhong5, Oliviér Boucher6, François‐Marie Bréon2, Chenxi Lu1, Runtao Guo7, Jinjun Xue8, Eulalie Boucher9, Katsumasa Tanaka10, Frédéric Chevallier2
1Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
2Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement (LSCE/IPSL), CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Univ Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
3Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, 3232 Croul Hall, Irvine, CA, 92697-3100, USA
4Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
5Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
6Institute Pierre-Simon Laplace, Sorbonne Université/CNRS, Paris, France
7School of Mathematical School, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
8Center of Hubei Cooperative Innovation for Emissions Trading System, Wuhan, China
9Université Paris-Dauphine–PSL, Paris, France
10Center for Global Environmental Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan

Tóm tắt

AbstractWe constructed a near-real-time daily CO2 emission dataset, the Carbon Monitor, to monitor the variations in CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion and cement production since January 1, 2019, at the national level, with near-global coverage on a daily basis and the potential to be frequently updated. Daily CO2 emissions are estimated from a diverse range of activity data, including the hourly to daily electrical power generation data of 31 countries, monthly production data and production indices of industry processes of 62 countries/regions, and daily mobility data and mobility indices for the ground transportation of 416 cities worldwide. Individual flight location data and monthly data were utilized for aviation and maritime transportation sector estimates. In addition, monthly fuel consumption data corrected for the daily air temperature of 206 countries were used to estimate the emissions from commercial and residential buildings. This Carbon Monitor dataset manifests the dynamic nature of CO2 emissions through daily, weekly and seasonal variations as influenced by workdays and holidays, as well as by the unfolding impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. The Carbon Monitor near-real-time CO2 emission dataset shows a 8.8% decline in CO2 emissions globally from January 1st to June 30th in 2020 when compared with the same period in 2019 and detects a regrowth of CO2 emissions by late April, which is mainly attributed to the recovery of economic activities in China and a partial easing of lockdowns in other countries. This daily updated CO2 emission dataset could offer a range of opportunities for related scientific research and policy making.

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