Cannabidiol induces antioxidant pathways in keratinocytes by targeting BACH1

Finkel, 2011, Signal transduction by reactive oxygen species, J. Cell Biol., 194, 7, 10.1083/jcb.201102095 Cross, 1987, Oxygen radicals and human disease, Ann. Intern. Med., 107, 526, 10.7326/0003-4819-107-4-526 Bickers, 2006, Oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of skin disease, J. Investig. Dermatol., 126, 2565, 10.1038/sj.jid.5700340 Itoh, 1999, Keap1 represses nuclear activation of antioxidant responsive elements by Nrf2 through binding to the amino-terminal Neh2 domain, Genes Dev., 13, 76, 10.1101/gad.13.1.76 McMahon, 2003, Keap1-dependent proteasomal degradation of transcription factor Nrf2 contributes to the negative regulation of antioxidant response element-driven gene expression, J. Biol. Chem., 278, 21592, 10.1074/jbc.M300931200 Kobayashi, 2006, Nrf2-Keap1 regulation of cellular defense mechanisms against electrophiles and reactive oxygen species, Adv. Enzym. Regul., 46, 113, 10.1016/j.advenzreg.2006.01.007 Itoh, 1997, An Nrf2/small Maf heterodimer mediates the induction of phase II detoxifying enzyme genes through antioxidant response elements, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 236, 313, 10.1006/bbrc.1997.6943 Maines, 1997, The heme oxygenase system: a regulator of second messenger gases, Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol., 37, 517, 10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.37.1.517 Gozzelino, 2010, Mechanisms of cell protection by heme oxygenase-1, Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol., 50, 323, 10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.010909.105600 Keyse, 1989, Heme oxygenase is the major 32-kDa stress protein induced in human skin fibroblasts by UVA radiation, hydrogen peroxide, and sodium arsenite, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 86, 99, 10.1073/pnas.86.1.99 Dhakshinamoorthy, 2005, Bach1 competes with Nrf2 leading to negative regulation of the antioxidant response element (ARE)-mediated NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 gene expression and induction in response to antioxidants, J. Biol. Chem., 280, 16891, 10.1074/jbc.M500166200 Shan, 2006, Role of Bach1 and Nrf2 in up-regulation of the heme oxygenase-1 gene by cobalt protoporphyrin, FASEB J., 20, 2651, 10.1096/fj.06-6346fje Reichard, 2007, Heme oxygenase-1 induction by NRF2 requires inactivation of the transcriptional repressor BACH1, Nucleic Acids Res., 35, 7074, 10.1093/nar/gkm638 MacLeod, 2009, Characterization of the cancer chemopreventive NRF2-dependent gene battery in human keratinocytes: demonstration that the KEAP1-NRF2 pathway, and not the BACH1-NRF2 pathway, controls cytoprotection against electrophiles as well as redox-cycling compounds, Carcinogenesis, 30, 1571, 10.1093/carcin/bgp176 Warnatz, 2011, The BTB and CNC homology 1 (BACH1) target genes are involved in the oxidative stress response and in control of the cell cycle, J. Biol. Chem., 286, 23521, 10.1074/jbc.M111.220178 Numata, 2009, Functional expression of heme oxygenase-1 in human differentiated epidermis and its regulation by cytokines, J. Investig. Dermatol., 129, 2594, 10.1038/jid.2009.119 Capasso, 2008, Cannabidiol, extracted from Cannabis sativa, selectively inhibits inflammatory hypermotility in mice, Br. J. Pharmacol., 154, 1001, 10.1038/bjp.2008.177 Mukhopadhyay, 2011, Cannabidiol protects against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury by attenuating inflammatory signaling and response, oxidative/nitrative stress, and cell death, Free Radic. Biol. Med., 50, 1368, 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.02.021 Pan, 2009, Cannabidiol attenuates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by decreasing oxidative/nitrosative stress, inflammation, and cell death, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 328, 708, 10.1124/jpet.108.147181 Petrosino, 2018, Anti-inflammatory properties of cannabidiol, a nonpsychotropic cannabinoid, in experimental allergic contact dermatitis, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 365, 652, 10.1124/jpet.117.244368 Ramot, 2018, Cover Image: neuroendocrine treatment of inherited keratin disorders by cannabinoids?, Br. J. Dermatol., 178, 1469, 10.1111/bjd.16570 Chelliah, 2018, Self-initiated use of topical cannabidiol oil for epidermolysis bullosa, Pediatr. Dermatol., 35, e224, 10.1111/pde.13545 Juknat, 2012, Differential transcriptional profiles mediated by exposure to the cannabinoids cannabidiol and Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol in BV-2 microglial cells, Br. J. Pharmacol., 165, 2512, 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01461.x Juknat, 2013, Microarray and pathway analysis reveal distinct mechanisms underlying cannabinoid-mediated modulation of LPS-induced activation of BV-2 microglial cells, PLoS One, 8, 10.1371/journal.pone.0061462 Del Prete, 2016, Turmeric sesquiterpenoids: expeditious resolution, comparative bioactivity, and a new bicyclic turmeronoid, J. Nat. Prod., 79, 267, 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00637 Torrente, 2017, Crosstalk between NRF2 and HIPK2 shapes cytoprotective responses, Oncogene, 36, 6204, 10.1038/onc.2017.221 Bolger, 2014, Trimmomatic: a flexible trimmer for Illumina sequence data, Bioinformatics, 30, 2114, 10.1093/bioinformatics/btu170 Kim, 2015, HISAT: a fast spliced aligner with low memory requirements, Nat. Methods, 12, 357, 10.1038/nmeth.3317 Liao, 2014, featureCounts: an efficient general purpose program for assigning sequence reads to genomic features, Bioinformatics, 30, 923, 10.1093/bioinformatics/btt656 Love, 2014, Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2, Genome Biol., 15, 550, 10.1186/s13059-014-0550-8 Kuleshov, 2016, Enrichr: a comprehensive gene set enrichment analysis web server 2016 update, Nucleic Acids Res., 44, W90, 10.1093/nar/gkw377 Benjamini, 1995, Controlling the false discovery rate - a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing, J. R. Stat. Soc. B, 57, 289 Perez-Riverol, 2019, The PRIDE database and related tools and resources in 2019: improving support for quantification data, Nucleic Acids Res., 47, D442, 10.1093/nar/gky1106 Schafer, 2015, Nrf2--A regulator of keratinocyte redox signaling, Free Radic. Biol. Med., 88, 243, 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.04.018 Kensler, 2013, Keap1-nrf2 signaling: a target for cancer prevention by sulforaphane, Top. Curr. Chem., 329, 163, 10.1007/128_2012_339 Dinkova-Kostova, 2005, Extremely potent triterpenoid inducers of the phase 2 response: correlations of protection against oxidant and inflammatory stress, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 102, 4584, 10.1073/pnas.0500815102 Shrivastava, 2011, Cannabidiol induces programmed cell death in breast cancer cells by coordinating the cross-talk between apoptosis and autophagy, Mol. Cancer Ther., 10, 1161, 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-10-1100 Wu, 2018, Cannabidiol induced apoptosis in human monocytes through mitochondrial permeability transition pore-mediated ROS production, Free Radic. Biol. Med., 124, 311, 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.06.023 Suzuki, 2004, Heme regulates gene expression by triggering Crm1-dependent nuclear export of BACH1, EMBO J., 23, 2544, 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600248 Zenke-Kawasaki, 2007, Heme induces ubiquitination and degradation of the transcription factor BACH1, Mol. Cell. Biol., 27, 6962, 10.1128/MCB.02415-06 Leigh, 1995, Keratins (K16 and K17) as markers of keratinocyte hyperproliferation in psoriasis in vivo and in vitro, Br. J. Dermatol., 133, 501, 10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb02696.x Coulombe, 2004, Great promises yet to be fulfilled: defining keratin intermediate filament function in vivo, Eur. J. Cell Biol., 83, 735, 10.1078/0171-9335-00443 Rio, 2018, The endocannabinoid system of the skin. A potential approach for the treatment of skin disorders, Biochem. Pharmacol., 157, 122, 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.08.022 Toth, 2019, Cannabinoid signaling in the skin: therapeutic potential of the "C(ut)annabinoid" system, Molecules, 24, 10.3390/molecules24050918 Lignitto, 2019, Nrf2 activation promotes lung cancer metastasis by inhibiting the degradation of BACH1, Cell, 178, 316, 10.1016/j.cell.2019.06.003 Ichimura, 2013, Phosphorylation of p62 activates the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway during selective autophagy, Mol. Cell, 51, 618, 10.1016/j.molcel.2013.08.003 Sun, 2002, Hemoprotein Bach1 regulates enhancer availability of heme oxygenase-1 gene, EMBO J., 21, 5216, 10.1093/emboj/cdf516 Alam, 2007, How many transcription factors does it take to turn on the heme oxygenase-1 gene?, Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., 36, 166, 10.1165/rcmb.2006-0340TR Pucci, 2013, Epigenetic control of skin differentiation genes by phytocannabinoids, Br. J. Pharmacol., 170, 581, 10.1111/bph.12309 Wilkinson, 2007, Cannabinoids inhibit human keratinocyte proliferation through a non-CB1/CB2 mechanism and have a potential therapeutic value in the treatment of psoriasis, J. Dermatol. Sci., 45, 87, 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2006.10.009 Clark, 1997, Involvement of the heme oxygenase-carbon monoxide pathway in keratinocyte proliferation, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 241, 215, 10.1006/bbrc.1997.7742 Kerns, 2007, Reprogramming of keratin biosynthesis by sulforaphane restores skin integrity in epidermolysis bullosa simplex, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 104, 14460, 10.1073/pnas.0706486104 Kerns, 2010, Differential modulation of keratin expression by sulforaphane occurs via Nrf2-dependent and -independent pathways in skin epithelia, Mol. Biol. Cell, 21, 4068, 10.1091/mbc.e10-02-0153 Schrader, 2019, Combined tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol to treat pain in epidermolysis bullosa: a report of three cases, Br. J. Dermatol., 180, 922, 10.1111/bjd.17341 Ota, 2014, Bach1 deficiency and accompanying overexpression of heme oxygenase-1 do not influence aging or tumorigenesis in mice, Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2014, 757901, 10.1155/2014/757901 Lee, 2019, Effective breast cancer combination therapy targeting BACH1 and mitochondrial metabolism, Nature, 568, 254, 10.1038/s41586-019-1005-x Wiel, 2019, BACH1 stabilization by antioxidants stimulates lung cancer metastasis, Cell, 178, 330, 10.1016/j.cell.2019.06.005