Caloric Restriction and Aging: Studies in Mice and Monkeys
Tóm tắt
It is widely accepted that caloric restriction (CR) without malnutrition delays the onset of aging and extends lifespan in diverse animal models including yeast, worms, flies, and laboratory rodents. The mechanism underlying this phenomenon is still unknown. We have hypothesized that a reprogramming of energy metabolism is a key event in the mechanism of CR (Anderson and Weindruch 2007). Data will be presented from studies of mice on CR, the results of which lend support to this hypothesis. Effects of long-term CR (but not short-term CR) on gene expression in white adipose tissue (WAT) are overt. In mice and monkeys, a chronic 30% reduction in energy intake yields a decrease in adiposity of approximately 70%. In mouse epididymal WAT, long-term CR causes overt shifts in the gene expression profile: CR increases the expression of genes involved in energy metabolism (Higami et al. 2004), and it down-regulates the expression of more than 50 pro-inflammatory genes (Higami et al. 2006). Whether aging retardation occurs in primates on CR is unknown. We have been investigating this issue in rhesus monkeys subjected to CR since 1989 and will discuss the current status of this project. A new finding from this project is that CR reduces the rate of age-associated muscle loss (sarcopenia) in monkeys (Colman et al. 2008).
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
2006, Obesity, 14, 242S
2007, Interdiscip Top Gerontol, 35, 18
Barger, J.L., Kayo, T., Pugh, T.D., Prolla, T.A., and Weindruch, R. ( 2008). Short-term consumption of a resveratrol-containing nutracuetical mixture mimics gene expression of long-term caloric restriction in mouse heart . Exp Geront (epub ahead of print).
1998, Aging, 10, 83
1998, J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 53, B443
2004, FASEB J, 18, 415
2002, Caloric Restriction: A Key to Understanding and Modulating Aging
1935, Nutrition, 5, 155
2006, Biol Chem, 387, 1357
2008, How does caloric restriction increase the longevity of mammals?
1988, The Retardation of Aging and Disease by Dietary Restriction