CYP3A5 genotype has significant effect on quinine 3-hydroxylation in Tanzanians, who have lower total CYP3A activity than a Swedish population

White, 1992, Antimalarial pharmacokinetics and treatment regimens, Br J Clin Pharmacol, 34, 1, 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1992.tb04100.x

Newton, 2003, Randomized comparison of artesunate and quinine in the treatment of severe falciparum malaria, Clin Infect Dis, 37, 7, 10.1086/375059

Brodie, 1951, Metabolic products of the cinchona alkaloids in human urine, J Biol Chem, 188, 567, 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)77729-1

Mirghani, 2001, Simultaneous determination of quinine and four metabolites in plasma and urine by high-performance liquid chromatography, J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl, 754, 57, 10.1016/S0378-4347(00)00577-6

Mirghani, 2002, Enzyme kinetics for the formation of 3-hydroxyquinine and three new metabolites of quinine in vitro; 3-hydroxylation by CYP3A4 is indeed the major metabolic pathway, Drug Metab Dispos, 30, 1368, 10.1124/dmd.30.12.1368

Mirghani, 2003, Metabolism and elimination of quinine in healthy volunteers, Eur J Clin Pharmacol, 59, 423, 10.1007/s00228-003-0637-8

Zhao, 1996, Identification of human cytochrome P450 isoforms involved in the 3-hydroxylation of quinine by human liver microsomes and nine recombinant human cytochromes P450, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 279, 1327

Zhang, 1997, Evidence for involvement of human CYP3A in the 3-hydroxylation of quinine, Br J Clin Pharmacol, 43, 245, 10.1046/j.1365-2125.1997.00556.x

Branch, 2000, In vivo modulation of CYP enzymes by quinidine and rifampin, Clin Pharmacol Ther, 68, 401, 10.1067/mcp.2000.110561

Fuhr, 2000, Induction of drug metabolising enzymes: pharmacokinetic and toxicological consequences in humans, Clin Pharmacokinet, 38, 493, 10.2165/00003088-200038060-00003

Wanwimolruk, 1995, Marked enhancement by rifampicin and lack of effect of isoniazid on the elimination of quinine in man, Br J Clin Pharmacol, 40, 87, 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1995.tb04541.x

Wanwimolruk, 1995, Metabolism of quinine in man: identification of a major metabolite, and effects of smoking and rifampicin pretreatment, J Pharm Pharmacol, 47, 957, 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1995.tb03277.x

Gibbs, 1999, Inhibition of cytochrome P-450 3A (CYP3A) in human intestinal and liver microsomes: comparison of Ki values and impact of CYP3A5 expression, Drug Metab Dispos, 27, 180

Mirghani, 1999, The roles of cytochrome P450 3A4 and 1A2 in the 3-hydroxylation of quinine in vivo, Clin Pharmacol Ther, 66, 454, 10.1016/S0009-9236(99)70008-1

Nelson, 1996, P450 superfamily: update on new sequences, gene mapping, accession numbers and nomenclature, Pharmacogenetics, 6, 1, 10.1097/00008571-199602000-00002

Shimada, 1994, Interindividual variations in human liver cytochrome P-450 enzymes involved in the oxidation of drugs, carcinogens and toxic chemicals: studies with liver microsomes of 30 Japanese and 30 Caucasians, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 270, 414

Guengerich, 1999, Cytochrome P-450 3A4: regulation and role in drug metabolism, Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol, 39, 1, 10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.39.1.1

Hustert, 2001, The genetic determinants of the CYP3A5 polymorphism, Pharmacogenetics, 11, 773, 10.1097/00008571-200112000-00005

Westlind, 1999, Interindividual differences in hepatic expression of CYP3A4: relationship to genetic polymorphism in the 5′-upstream regulatory region, Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 259, 201, 10.1006/bbrc.1999.0752

Schmidt, 2001, Early postoperative erythromycin breath test correlates with hepatic cytochrome P4503A activity in liver transplant recipients, Clin Pharmacol Ther, 70, 446, 10.1016/S0009-9236(01)36203-3

Koudriakova, 1998, Metabolism of the human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors indinavir and ritonavir by human intestinal microsomes and expressed cytochrome P4503A4/3A5: mechanism-based inactivation of cytochrome P4503A by ritonavir, Drug Metab Dispos, 26, 552

Maenpaa, 1998, Human cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) mediated midazolam metabolism: the effect of assay conditions and regioselective stimulation by alpha-naphthoflavone, terfenadine and testosterone, Pharmacogenetics, 8, 137

Hirota, 2001, In vitro/in vivo scaling of alprazolam metabolism by CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 in humans, Biopharm Drug Dispos, 22, 53, 10.1002/bdd.261

Mirghani, 2003, Quinine 3-hydroxylation as a biomarker reaction for the activity of CYP3A4 in man, Eur J Clin Pharmacol, 59, 23, 10.1007/s00228-003-0575-5

Kuehl, 2001, Sequence diversity in CYP3A promoters and characterization of the genetic basis of polymorphic CYP3A5 expression, Nat Genet, 27, 383, 10.1038/86882

Wojnowski, 2004, Increased levels of aflatoxin-albumin adducts are associated with CYP3A5 polymorphisms in The Gambia, West Africa, Pharmacogenetics, 14, 691, 10.1097/00008571-200410000-00007

Christensen, 2003, The Karolinska cocktail for phenotyping of five human cytochrome P450 enzymes, Clin Pharmacol Ther, 73, 517, 10.1016/S0009-9236(03)00050-X

Westlind-Johnsson, 2003, Comparative analysis of CYP3A expression in human liver suggests only a minor role for CYP3A5 in drug metabolism, Drug Metab Dispos, 31, 755, 10.1124/dmd.31.6.755

Schmidt, 1996, Characterization of a murine Ahr null allele: involvement of the Ah receptor in hepatic growth and development, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 93, 6731, 10.1073/pnas.93.13.6731

Damkier, 2000, Quinidine as a probe for CYP3A4 activity: intrasubject variability and lack of correlation with probe-based assays for CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP2D6, Clin Pharmacol Ther, 68, 199, 10.1067/mcp.2000.108532

Thummel, 1994, Use of midazolam as a human cytochrome P450 3A probe: II. Characterization of inter- and intraindividual hepatic CYP3A variability after liver transplantation, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 271, 557

Kinirons, 1999, Failure of erythromycin breath test to correlate with midazolam clearance as a probe of cytochrome P4503A, Clin Pharmacol Ther, 66, 224, 10.1016/S0009-9236(99)70029-9

Lown, 1994, Interpatient heterogeneity in expression of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 in small bowel. Lack of prediction by the erythromycin breath test, Drug Metab Dispos, 22, 947

Cotreau, 2005, The influence of age and sex on the clearance of cytochrome P450 3A substrates, Clin Pharmacokinet, 44, 33, 10.2165/00003088-200544010-00002

Wandel, 2000, CYP3A activity in African American and European American men: population differences and functional effect of the CYP3A4*1B5′-promoter region polymorphism, Clin Pharmacol Ther, 68, 82, 10.1067/mcp.2000.108506

Floyd, 2003, Genotype–phenotype associations for common CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 variants in the basal and induced metabolism of midazolam in European-and African-American men and women, Pharmacogenetics, 13, 595, 10.1097/00008571-200310000-00003

Bathum, 1999, Phenotypes and genotypes for CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 in a black Tanzanian population, Br J Clin Pharmacol, 48, 395, 10.1046/j.1365-2125.1999.00019.x

Bertilsson, 2002, Molecular genetics of CYP2D6: clinical relevance with focus on psychotropic drugs, Br J Clin Pharmacol, 53, 111, 10.1046/j.0306-5251.2001.01548.x

Droll, 1998, Comparison of three CYP2D6 probe substrates and genotype in Ghanaians, Chinese and Caucasians, Pharmacogenetics, 8, 325, 10.1097/00008571-199808000-00006

Herrlin, 1998, Bantu Tanzanians have a decreased capacity to metabolize omeprazole and mephenytoin in relation to their CYP2C19 genotype, Clin Pharmacol Ther, 64, 391, 10.1016/S0009-9236(98)90070-4

Masimirembwa, 1996, A novel mutant variant of the CYP2D6 gene (CYP2D6*17) common in a black African population: association with diminished debrisoquine hydroxylase activity, Br J Clin Pharmacol, 42, 713, 10.1046/j.1365-2125.1996.00489.x

Wennerholm, 1999, Decreased capacity for debrisoquine metabolism among black Tanzanians: analyses of the CYP2D6 genotype and phenotype, Pharmacogenetics, 9, 707, 10.1097/00008571-199912000-00005

Aklillu, 2005, Characterization of common CYP1B1 variants with different capacity for benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol epoxide formation from benzo[a]pyrene, Cancer Res, 65, 5105, 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-0113

Lee, 2003, Genetic findings and functional studies of human CYP3A5 single nucleotide polymorphisms in different ethnic groups, Pharmacogenetics, 13, 461, 10.1097/00008571-200308000-00004

Lin, 2002, Co-regulation of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 and contribution to hepatic and intestinal midazolam metabolism, Mol Pharmacol, 62, 162, 10.1124/mol.62.1.162

Shih, 2002, Pharmacokinetics of midazolam and 1'-hydroxymidazolam in Chinese with different CYP3A5 genotypes, Drug Metab Dispos, 30, 1491, 10.1124/dmd.30.12.1491

Fukuda, 2004, CYP3A5 genotype did not impact on nifedipine disposition in healthy volunteers, Pharmacogenom J, 4, 34, 10.1038/sj.tpj.6500218

Wong, 2004, CYP3A5 genotype and midazolam clearance in Australian patients receiving chemotherapy, Clin Pharmacol Ther, 75, 529, 10.1016/j.clpt.2004.02.005

Kivisto, 2005, CYP3A5 genotype is associated with diagnosis of hypertension in elderly patients: data from the DEBATE Study, Am J Pharmacogenom, 5, 191, 10.2165/00129785-200505030-00005

Thompson, 2004, CYP3A variation and the evolution of salt-sensitivity variants, Am J Hum Genet, 75, 1059, 10.1086/426406

Lamba, 2002, Genetic contribution to variable human CYP3A-mediated metabolism, Adv Drug Deliv Rev, 54, 1271, 10.1016/S0169-409X(02)00066-2

Zeigler-Johnson, 2004, CYP3A4, CYP3A5, and CYP3A43 genotypes and haplotypes in the etiology and severity of prostate cancer, Cancer Res, 64, 8461, 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-1651

Ball, 1999, Population distribution and effects on drug metabolism of a genetic variant in the 5′ promoter region of CYP3A4, Clin Pharmacol Ther, 66, 288, 10.1016/S0009-9236(99)70037-8

Dally, 2003, The CYP3A4*1B allele increases risk for small cell lung cancer: effect of gender and smoking dose, Pharmacogenetics, 13, 607, 10.1097/00008571-200310000-00004