Sự do dự về vaccine COVID-19 và các ý định ngắn hạn, dài hạn ở những người trẻ tuổi chưa tiêm chủng: Một phương pháp tiếp cận hỗn hợp

Soojung Kim1, Erin Willis2, Shane Wehlage1, Hannah Scheffer-Wentz1, Michael Dulitz3
1Department of Communication, University of North Dakota, O’Kelly Hall Room 214, 221 Centennial Dr. Stop 7169, Grand Forks, ND, 58202-7169, USA
2Advertising, Public Relations & Media Design, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
3Opioid Response Project Coordinator and COVID-19 Data and Analytics Leader, Grand Forks Public Health, 151 S 4th Street Suite N301, Grand Forks, ND, 58201, USA

Tóm tắt

Tóm tắt Giới thiệu Chỉ có 63,8% người Mỹ trong độ tuổi từ 18 đến 24 đã được tiêm đầy đủ vaccine COVID-19 tính đến ngày 1 tháng 6 năm 2022. Hạt Grand Forks, bang North Dakota cũng đang đối mặt với thách thức tương tự. Tính đến tháng 6 năm 2022, 47% cá nhân trong độ tuổi từ 19 đến 29 đã tiêm vaccine. Tập trung vào những cá nhân chưa tiêm vaccine trong độ tuổi 20, Nghiên cứu 1 nhằm hiểu các cách mà việc nhận vaccine COVID-19 được diễn giải thông qua các cuộc phỏng vấn định tính; và Nghiên cứu 2 so sánh các yếu tố tiên đoán ý định tiêm vaccine ngắn hạn (tức tháng tới) với ý định tiêm vaccine dài hạn (tức ba đến năm năm) thông qua một cuộc khảo sát trực tuyến. Phương pháp Đối với Nghiên cứu 1, chúng tôi đã tiến hành năm nhóm tập trung và bốn cuộc phỏng vấn sâu qua Zoom với tổng cộng 26 cá nhân chưa tiêm vaccine trong độ tuổi 20 sống tại hạt Grand Forks. Quá trình so sánh liên tục được sử dụng để phân loại dữ liệu thành các chủ đề và nhận diện các đặc điểm của những chủ đề đã xác định. Mục tiêu là phát triển các chủ đề và các đặc điểm liên quan. Đối với Nghiên cứu 2, chúng tôi thực hiện một cuộc khảo sát trực tuyến với mẫu thuận tiện gồm 526 cá nhân chưa tiêm vaccine. Phân tích hồi quy logistic ước lượng tỷ lệ odds (OR) và khoảng tin cậy 95% (CI) cho các mối liên hệ giữa thái độ, nhận thức và niềm tin vào thông tin sai lệch với ý định tiêm vaccine ngắn hạn và dài hạn, có điều chỉnh theo nhân khẩu học và tình trạng kinh tế- xã hội.

Từ khóa


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