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COVID-19 HEART hé lộ thành rối loạn nhịp tim nhĩ: sinh bệnh học, quản lý và hướng nghiên cứu trong tương lai
Tóm tắt
Nhiễm COVID-19 được biết đến là nguyên nhân gây ra nhiều biến chứng hệ thống trong đó có rối loạn tim mạch. Trong vấn đề này, các bác sĩ gần đây đã nhận thấy rằng bệnh nhân hồi phục sau nhiễm COVID-19 xuất hiện với nhiều loại rối loạn tim mạch đa dạng bên cạnh những bệnh nhân được nhập viện tại khoa hồi sức tim mạch. COVID-19 tim có biểu hiện đa dạng, bao gồm rối loạn nhịp tim, viêm cơ tim, đột quỵ, bệnh mạch vành, thuyên tắc huyết khối, đến suy tim. Rối loạn nhịp tim nhĩ là rối loạn nhịp tim phổ biến nhất ở bệnh nhân COVID-19. Trong phần thông tin nền, chúng tôi đã thảo luận ngắn gọn về dịch tễ học và quang phổ của các rối loạn nhịp tim ở bệnh nhân COVID-19. Trong bài tổng quan hiện tại, chúng tôi trình bày thông tin liên quan đến rối loạn nhịp tim nhĩ do COVID-19 trong các phần khác nhau, cụ thể là cơ chế tác động, biểu hiện lâm sàng, chẩn đoán, và điều trị. Đáng tiếc, sự xuất hiện của rối loạn này làm tăng đáng kể tỷ lệ tử vong và morbidit với nguy cơ tiềm tàng cho các biến chứng như ngừng tim và tử vong đột ngột. Chúng tôi đã bao gồm các phần riêng biệt về các biến chứng bao gồm thuyên tắc huyết khối và rối loạn nhịp thất. Do cơ chế của nó hiện vẫn là một lĩnh vực không rõ ràng, chúng tôi đã bao gồm một phần riêng về các nghiên cứu khoa học cơ bản cần thiết trong tương lai để hiểu rõ hơn về cơ chế bệnh sinh cơ bản của nó. Tóm lại, bài tổng quan này xây dựng trên tài liệu hiện có về rối loạn nhịp tim nhĩ do COVID-19, bao gồm sinh bệnh học, biểu hiện lâm sàng, điều trị và các biến chứng. Hơn nữa, nó cung cấp các khuyến nghị cho các nghiên cứu trong tương lai nhằm mở ra các hướng đi mới để phát triển các phương pháp điều trị mới có thể ngăn chặn cũng như thúc đẩy việc hồi phục lâm sàng của rối loạn nhịp tim nhĩ ở bệnh nhân COVID-19.
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