CLINICAL MANAGEMENT OF ASCITES AND ITS COMPLICATIONS

Clinics in Liver Disease - Tập 5 - Trang 833-850 - 2001
Suchat Wongcharatrawee, Guadalupe Garcia-Tsao

Tài liệu tham khảo

Albillos, 1992, Vasodilatation and sodium retention in prehepatic portal hypertension [see comments], Gastroenterology, 102, 931, 10.1016/0016-5085(92)90179-3 Andreu, 1993, Risk factors for spontaneous peritonitis in cirrhotic patients with ascites, Gastroenterology, 104, 1133, 10.1016/0016-5085(93)90284-J Angeli, 1998, Acute effects of the oral administration of midodrine, an α-adrenergic agonist, on renal hemodynamics and renal function in cirrhotic patients with ascites, Hepatology, 28, 937, 10.1002/hep.510280407 Arnold, 1997, Acute hemoperitoneum after large-volume paracentesis, Gastroenterology, 113, 978, 10.1016/S0016-5085(97)70210-5 Arroyo, 1996, Definition and diagnostic criteria of refractory ascites and hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis, Hepatology, 23, 164, 10.1002/hep.510230122 Arroyo, 1976, Prognostic value of spontaneous hyponatremia in cirrhosis with ascites, American Journal of Digestive Diseases, 21, 249, 10.1007/BF01095898 Bernard, 1999, Antibiotic prophylaxis for the prevention of bacterial infections in cirrhotic patients with gastrointestinal bleeding: A meta-analysis, Hepatology, 29, 1655, 10.1002/hep.510290608 Blaise, 1994, Systemic antibiotic therapy prevents bacterial infection in cirrhotic patients with gastrointestinal hemorrhage, Hepatology, 20, 34, 10.1002/hep.1840200107 Bleichner, 1986, Frequency of infections in cirrhotic patients presenting acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage, Br J Surg, 73, 724, 10.1002/bjs.1800730916 Bosch-Marce, 1995, Aquaretic effect of the kappa-opiod agonist RU 51599 in cirrhotics rats with ascites and water retention, Gastroenterology, 109, 217, 10.1016/0016-5085(95)90287-2 Brensing, 2000, Long-term outcome after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in non-transplant cirrhotics with hepatorenal syndrome: A phase II study, Gut, 47, 288, 10.1136/gut.47.2.288 Campillo B, Dupeyron C, Richardet JP. Epidemiology of severe hospital-acquired infections in patients with liver cirrhosis: Effect of long-term administration of norfloxaxin. Clin Infect Dis 26:1066–1070 Casado, 1998, Clinical events after TIPS: Correlation with hemodynamics findings, Gastroenterology, 114, 1296, 10.1016/S0016-5085(98)70436-6 Deschenes, 1999, Risk factors for the development of bacterial infections in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis, Am J Gastroenterol, 94, 2193, 10.1016/S0002-9270(99)00349-4 DeFranchis, 2000, Updating consensus in portal hypertension: Report of the Baveno III Consensus Workshop on definitions, methodology and therapeutic strategies in portal hypertension, J Hepatol, 33, 846, 10.1016/S0168-8278(00)80320-7 Felisart, 1985, Cefotaxime is more effective than ampicillin-tobramycin in cirrhotics with severe infections, Hepatology, 5, 457, 10.1002/hep.1840050319 Fogel, 1981, Diuresis in the ascitic patient: A randomized controlled trial of three regimens, J Clin Gastroenterol, 3, 73, 10.1097/00004836-198100031-00016 Follo, 1994, Renal impairment after spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis: Incidence, clinical course, predictive factors and prognosis, Hepatology, 20, 1495, 10.1002/hep.1840200619 Fong, 1989, Polymorphonuclear cell count response and duration of antibiotic therapy in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, Hepatology, 9, 423, 10.1002/hep.1840090313 Forns, 1994, The management of ascites and renal failure in cirrhosis, Semin Liver Dis, 14, 82, 10.1055/s-2007-1007300 Freedman, 1993, Complications of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: A comprehensive review, Radiographics, 13, 1185, 10.1148/radiographics.13.6.8290720 Garcia-Tsao, 1998, Further evidence against the use of aminoglycosides in cirrhotic patients, Gastroenterology, 114, 612, 10.1016/S0016-5085(98)70551-7 Garcia-Tsao, 1992, Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, Gastroenterol Clin North Am, 21, 257, 10.1016/S0889-8553(21)00617-8 Gines, 1996, Randomized trial comparing albumin, dextran-70 and polygeline in cirrhotic patients with ascites treated by paracentesis, Gastroenterology, 111, 1002, 10.1016/S0016-5085(96)70068-9 Gines, 1993, Incidence, predictive factors and prognosis of the hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis with ascites, Gastroenterology, 105, 229, 10.1016/0016-5085(93)90031-7 Gines, 1995, Treatment of patients with cirrhosis and refractory ascites by Le Veen shunt with titanium tip. Comparison with therapeutic paracentesis, Hepatology, 22, 124 Gines, 1987, Comparison of paracentesis and diuretics in the treatment of cirrhotics with tense ascites. Results of a randomized study, Gastroenterology, 93, 234, 10.1016/0016-5085(87)91007-9 Gines, 1992, Current guidelines for pharmacotherapy of ascites associated with cirrhosis, Drugs, 43, 316, 10.2165/00003495-199243030-00003 Gines, 1996, Disorders of renal function in cirrhosis: Pathophysiology and clinical aspects, 650 Gines, 1991, Paracentesis with intravenous infusion of albumin as compared with peritoneovenous shunting in cirrhosis with refractory ascites, N Engl J Med, 325, 829, 10.1056/NEJM199109193251201 Gines, 1998, Hyponatremia in cirrhosis: From pathogenesis to treatment, Hepatology, 28, 851, 10.1002/hep.510280337 Gines, 1990, Norfloxacin prevents spontaneous bacterial peritonitis recurrence in cirrhosis; results of double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, Hepatology, 12, 716, 10.1002/hep.1840120416 Gines, 1988, Randomized comparative study of therapeutic paracentesis with and without intravenous albumin in cirrhosis, Gastroenterology, 94, 1493, 10.1016/0016-5085(88)90691-9 Gómez-Jiménez, 1993, Randomized trial comparing ceftriaxone with cefonicid for treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients, Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 37, 1587, 10.1128/AAC.37.8.1587 Gonwa, 1996, Liver transplantation and renal function: Results in patients with and without hepatorenal syndrome, 529 Grange, 1998, Norfloxacin primary prophylaxis of bacterial infections in cirrhotic patients with ascites–A double-blind randomized trial, J Hepatol, 29, 430, 10.1016/S0168-8278(98)80061-5 Greig, 1980, Complications after peritoneovenous shunting, Am J Surg, 139, 125, 10.1016/0002-9610(80)90241-X Guarner, 1999, Risk of a first community-acquired spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotics with low ascitic fluid protein levels, Gastroenterology, 117, 414, 10.1053/gast.1999.0029900414 Guevara, 1998, Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in hepatorenal syndrome: Effects of renal functions and vasoactive systems, Hepatology, 28, 416, 10.1002/hep.510280219 Guevara, 1998, Reversibility of hepatorenal syndrome by prolonged administration of ornipressin and plasma volume expansion, Hepatology, 27, 35, 10.1002/hep.510270107 Hsieh, 1998, The effect of ciprofloxacin in the prevention of bacterial infections in patients with cirrhosis after upper gastrointestinal bleeding, Am J Gastroenterol, 93, 962, 10.1111/j.1572-0241.1998.00288.x Inoue, 1998, Therapeutic and diagnostic potential of a vasopressin-2 antagonist for impaired water handling in cirrhosis, Clin Pharmacol Ther, 63, 561, 10.1016/S0009-9236(98)90107-2 Kao, 1985, The effect of large volume paracentesis on plasma volume–a cause of hypovolemia?, Hepatology, 5, 403, 10.1002/hep.1840050310 Lebrec, 1996, Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts: Comparison with paracentesis in patients with cirrhosis and refractory ascites: A randomized trial, J Hepatology, 25, 135, 10.1016/S0168-8278(96)80065-1 Lee, 1993, N omega-nitro-L–arginine administration corrects peripheral vasodilation and systemic capillary hypotension and ameliorates plasma volume expansion and sodium retention in portal hypertensive rats, Hepatology, 17, 84, 10.1002/hep.1840170116 Lenz, 1991, Ornipressin in the treatment of functional renal failure in decompensated liver cirrhosis, Gastroenterology, 101, 1060, 10.1016/0016-5085(91)90734-3 Llach, 1992, Incidence and predictive factors of first episode of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis with ascites: Relevance of ascitic fluid protein concentration, Hepatology, 16, 724, 10.1002/hep.1840160318 Llovet, 1997, Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients with cirrhosis undergoing selective intestinal decontamination. A retrospective study of 229 spontaneous bacterial peritonitis episodes, J Hepatol, 26, 88, 10.1016/S0168-8278(97)80014-1 Luca, 1995, Beneficial effects of intravenous albumin infusion on the hemodynamic and humoral changes after total paracentesis, Hepatology, 22, 753 Martin, 1998, Nitric oxide as a mediator of hemodynamic abnormalities and sodium and water retention in cirrhosis, N Engl J Med, 339, 533, 10.1056/NEJM199808203390807 Martin, 1998, Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibition for one week improves renal sodium and water excretion in cirrhotic rats with ascites, J Clin Invest, 101, 235, 10.1172/JCI626 McCormick, 1997, A prospective randomized trial of ceftazidime versus nethylmicin plus mezlocillin in the empirical therapy of presumed sepsis in cirrhotic patients, Hepatology, 25, 833, 10.1002/hep.510250408 Mercader, 1989, Use of ceftriaxone in the treatment of bacterial infections in cirrhotic patients, Chemotherapy, 35, 23, 10.1159/000238735 Mirouze, 1983, Effects of inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis on induced diuresis in cirrhosis, Hepatology, 3, 50, 10.1002/hep.1840030108 Morali, 1992, Is sinusoidal portal hypertension a necessary factor for the development of hepatic ascites? [letter], J Hepatol, 16, 249, 10.1016/S0168-8278(05)80128-X Navasa, 1996, Randomized, comparative study of oral ofloxacin versus intravenous cefotaxime in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, Gastroenterology, 111, 1011, 10.1016/S0016-5085(96)70069-0 Panos, 1990, Single, total paracentesis for tense ascites: Sequential hemodynamic changes and right atrial size, Hepatology, 11, 662, 10.1002/hep.1840110420 Pauwels, 1996, Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis after gastrointestinal hemorrhage in cirrhotic patients with a high risk of infection, Hepatology, 24, 802 Perez-Ayuso, 1983, Randomized comparative study of efficacy of furosemide versus spironolactone in nonazotemic cirrhosis with ascites. Relationship between the diuretic response and the activity of the renin-aldosterone system, Gastroenterology, 84, 961, 10.1016/0016-5085(83)90198-1 Piddock, 1999, Fluoroquinolone resistance. Overuse of fluoroquinolones in human and veterinary medicine can breed resistance, BMJ, 317, 1029, 10.1136/bmj.317.7165.1029 Pizcueta, 1995, Decreased systemic vascular sensitivity to norepinephrine in portal hypertensive rats: Role of hyperglucagonemia, Am J Physiol, 258, G191 Planas, 1983, Acetylsalicylic acid suppresses the renal hemodynamic effect and reduces the diuretic action of furosemide in cirrhosis with ascites, Gastroenterology, 84, 247, 10.1016/S0016-5085(83)80119-X Quiroga, 1995, Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in the management of refractory ascites: Effect on clinical, renal, humoral and hemodynamic parameters, Hepatology, 21, 986 Ricart, 2000, Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid versus cefotaxime in the therapy of bacterial infections in cirrhotic patients, J Hepatol, 32, 596, 10.1016/S0168-8278(00)80221-4 Riggio, 1996, Hepatic encephalopathy after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: Incidence and risk factors, Dig Dis Sci, 41, 578, 10.1007/BF02282344 Rimola, 1985, Oral, nonabsorbable antibiotics prevent infection in cirrhotics with gastrointestinal hemorrhage, Hepatology, 5, 463, 10.1002/hep.1840050320 Rimola, 2000, Diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: A consensus document, J Hepatol, 32, 142, 10.1016/S0168-8278(00)80201-9 Rimola, 1995, Two different dosages of cefotaxime in the treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: Results of a prospective, randomized, multicenter study, Hepatology, 21, 674, 10.1002/hep.1840210312 Rimola, 1992, Efficacy of ceftizoxime in the treatment of severe bacterial infections in patients with cirrhosis, Drug Invest, 4, 35, 10.1007/BF03258343 Rössle, 2000, A comparison of paracentesis and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunting in patients with ascites, N Engl J Med, 342, 1701, 10.1056/NEJM200006083422303 Ruiz del Arbol, 1997, Paracentesis-induced circulatory dysfunction: Mechanism and effect on hepatic hemodynamics in cirrhosis, Gastroenterology, 113, 579, 10.1053/gast.1997.v113.pm9247479 Runyon, 1991, Short-course versus long-course antibiotic treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, Gastroenterology, 100, 1737, 10.1016/0016-5085(91)90677-D Sabat, 1998, Effect of subcutaneous administration of octreotide on endogenous vasoactive systems and renal function in cirrhotic patient with ascites, Dig Dis Sci, 43, 2184, 10.1023/A:1026698001921 Schrier, 1988, Peripheral arterial vasodilation hypothesis: A proposal for the initiation of renal sodium and water retention in cirrhosis, Hepatology, 8, 1151, 10.1002/hep.1840080532 Schrier, 1994, Peripheral arterial vasodilation: Determinant of functional spectrum of cirrhosis, Semin Liver Dis 1994;, 14, 114 Simon, 1987, Effects of therapeutic paracentesis on systemic and hepatic hemodynamics and on renal and hormonal function, Hepatology, 7, 423, 10.1002/hep.1840070302 Sitzmann, 1993, Effect of portosystemic shunting on PgI2 and glucagon levels in humans, Ann Surg, 217, 248, 10.1097/00000658-199303000-00006 Soriano, 1992, Norfloxacin prevents bacterial infection in cirrhotics with gastrointestinal hemorrhage, Gastroenterology, 103, 1267, 10.1016/0016-5085(92)91514-5 Somberg, 1995, Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts for refractory ascites: Assessment of clinical and hormonal response and renal function, Hepatology, 21, 709 Sort, 1999, Effect of intravenous albumin on renal impairment and mortality in patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, N Engl J Med, 341, 403, 10.1056/NEJM199908053410603 Tito, 1988, Recurrence of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis: Frequency and predictive factors, Hepatology, 8, 27, 10.1002/hep.1840080107 Toledo, 1993, Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis: Predictive factors of infection resolution and survival of patients treated with cefotaxime, Hepatology, 17, 251, 10.1002/hep.1840170215 Uriz, 2001, Randomized, multicenter, comparative study between TIPS and paracentesis with albumin in cirrhosis with refractory ascites, J Hepatol, 34, A10, 10.1016/S0168-8278(01)80032-5 Valeriano, 2000, TIPS versus paracentesis in the treatment of refractory ascites: Preliminary results of a randomized controlled trial [abstract], Gastroenterology, 118, A980, 10.1016/S0016-5085(00)86063-1 Wiest, 1999, Bacterial translocation in cirrhotic rats stimulates eNOS-derived NO production and impairs mesenteric vascular contractility, J Clin Invest, 104, 1223, 10.1172/JCI7458 Wong, 1995, Pattern of sodium handling and its consequences in patients with preascitic cirrhosis, Gastroenterology, 108, 1820, 10.1016/0016-5085(95)90145-0 Wong, 1999, Long-term renal sodium handling in patients with cirrhosis treated with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts for refractory ascites, Am J Med, 106, 315, 10.1016/S0002-9343(99)00029-7