Broadband and economic growth in China: An empirical study during the COVID-19 pandemic period

Telematics and Informatics - Tập 58 - Trang 101533 - 2021
Xiaoqun Zhang1
1Department of Media Arts, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #310589, Denton, TX 76203-5017, United States

Tài liệu tham khảo

Akerman, 2015, The skill complementarity of broadband Internet, Q. J. Econ., 130, 1781, 10.1093/qje/qjv028 Autor, 2003, The skill content of recent technological change: an empirical exploration, Q. J. Econ., 118, 1279, 10.1162/003355303322552801 Bagchi, 2005, Factors contributing to global digital divide: Some empirical results, J. Global Inf. Technol. Manage., 8, 47 Becker, 1964 Becker, 2007, Health as human capital: synthesis and extensions, Oxford Econ. Papers, 59, 379, 10.1093/oep/gpm020 Billon, 2009, Disparities in ICT adoption: a multidimensional approach to study the cross-country digital divide, Telecommun. Policy, 33, 596, 10.1016/j.telpol.2009.08.006 Bohlin, 2010, Diffusion of new technology generations in mobile communications, Inf. Econ. Policy, 22, 51, 10.1016/j.infoecopol.2009.11.001 China Academy of Information and Communications Technology. (October, 2019). White book on China Digital Economy Development. Retrieved from http://www.caict.ac.cn/kxyj/qwfb/bps/201910/P020191031512605025697.pdf. Chen, 2011, Xinxi jichu sheshi yu jingji zengzhang: Jiyu zhongguo shengji shuju fenxi, J. Manage. Sci., 23, 98 Chinn, 2007, The determinants of the global divide: A cross-country analysis of computer and internet penetration, Oxford Econ. Papers, 59, 16, 10.1093/oep/gpl024 Cobb, 1928, A theory of production, Am. Econ. Rev., 18, 139 Crandall, R., Lehr, W., & Litan, R (2006). The effects of broadband deployment on output and employment: A cross-sectional analysis of U.S. data. Issues in Economic Policy (Brookings Institution). Retrieved from https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/06labor_crandall.pdf. Cremin, 1976 Czernich, 2011, Broadband infrastructure and economic growth, Econ. J., 121, 505, 10.1111/j.1468-0297.2011.02420.x Eggerton, J. (April 6, 2020). Pandemic amplifies calls for universal broadband. Retrieved from https://www.multichannel.com/news/pandemic-amplifies-calls-for-universal-broadband. Entorf, 1998, The impact of new technologies on wages: lessons from matching panels on employees and on their firms, Econ. Innov. New Technol., 5, 165, 10.1080/10438599800000004 Farooqui, S. & vanLeeuwen, G. (2008). ICT investment and productivity. In Eurostat. (2008) Information society: ICT impact assessment by linking data from different sources (pp. 163–189). Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/341889/725524/2006-2008-ICT-IMPACTS-Summary-Report.pdf/511f221c-d4d7-4fb3-8558-dad771d8c7f3. Funchs, 2009, The role of income inequality in a multivariate cross-national analysis of the digital divide, Soc. Sci. Comp. Rev., 27, 41, 10.1177/0894439308321628 Ghosh, 2017, Broadband penetration and economic growth: do policies matter?, Telematics Inform., 34, 676, 10.1016/j.tele.2016.12.007 Gruber, 2014, Broadband access in the EU: an assessment of future economic benefits, Telecommun. Policy, 38, 1046, 10.1016/j.telpol.2014.06.007 Haller, 2015, Broadband adoption and firm productivity: evidence from Irish manufacturing firms, Telecommun. Policy, 39, 1, 10.1016/j.telpol.2014.10.003 Haller, 2019, Effects of broadband availability on total factor productivity in service sector firms: evidence from Ireland, Telecommun. Policy, 43, 11, 10.1016/j.telpol.2018.09.005 Hang, 2014, Kuandai dui Zhongguo jingji zengzhang yingxiang de shizheng fenxi, Statistical Res., 10, 49 Harwit, 2004, Spreading telecommunications to developing areas in China: Telephones, the Internet and the digital divide, China Quarterly, 180, 1010, 10.1017/S0305741004000724 He, 2013, Kuandai dui woguo guoming jingji zengzhang de yingxiang, J. Beijing Univ. Posts Telecommun. (Social Sci. Edition), 1, 53 International Monetary Fund (IMF) (April 6, 2020). An early view of the economic impact of the pandemic in 5 charts. Retrieved from https://blogs.imf.org/2020/04/06/an-early-view-of-the-economic-impact-of-the-pandemic-in-5-charts/. International Telecommunication Union(ITU). (2019). Measuring digital development: Facts and figures 2019. Retrieved from https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Pages/facts/default.aspx. International Telecommunication Union (ITU). (2003). The birth of broadband: ITU Internet reports, Geneva. The International Telecommunication Union (n.d.). Fixed broadband. Retrieved from https://www.itu.int/net4/ITU-D/icteye/#/topics/1003. Jing, 2006, A comparative analysis of the information communication technology industry in China, Chinese Econ., 39, 74, 10.2753/CES1097-1475390103 Jung, 2020, On the regional impact of broadband on productivity: the case of Brazil, Telecommun. Policy, 44, 1, 10.1016/j.telpol.2019.05.002 Kiiski, 2002, Cross-country diffusion of the Internet, Inf. Econ. Policy, 14, 297, 10.1016/S0167-6245(01)00071-3 Killion, J. (April 20, 2020). Experts: Pandemic exposes NC’s broadband Internet access disparities. Retrieved from https://pulse.ncpolicywatch.org/2020/04/22/experts-pandemic-exposes-ncs-broadband-internet-access-disparities/. Koutroumpis, 2009, The economic impact of broadband on growth: a simultaneous approach, Telecommun. Policy, 33, 471, 10.1016/j.telpol.2009.07.004 Kumar, 2016, The effects of ICT on output per worker: a study of the Chinese economy, Telecommun. Policy, 40, 102, 10.1016/j.telpol.2015.06.004 Lee, 2017, An empirical analysis of tablet PC diffusion, Telematics Inform., 34, 518, 10.1016/j.tele.2016.09.007 Lehr, W.H., Osorio, C.A., Gillett, S.E., & Sirbu, M.A. (2006). Measuring broadband’s economic impact. Technical Report 99-07-13829. National Technical Assistance Training, Research, and Evaluation Project. Retrieved from https://www.itu.int/net/wsis/stocktaking/docs/activities/1288616475/MIT_Carnegie.pdf. Li, 2020, Hulianwang, renkou guimo yu zhongguo jingji zengzhang: Laizi chenshi de shijiao, Contemp. Finance Econ., 1, 3 Liebowitz, S. J., & Margolis, S. E. (2002). Network effects. In M. E. Cave, S. K. Majumdar, & I. Vogel- sang (Eds.), Handbook of Telecommunications Economics (Vol. 1, pp. 76–97). North Holland: Elsevier. Lucas, 1988, On the mechanics of economic development, J. Monetary Econ., 22, 3, 10.1016/0304-3932(88)90168-7 Mankiw, 1992, A contribution to the empirics of economic growth, Q. J. Econ., 107, 407, 10.2307/2118477 Mayo, 2011, From network externalities to broadband growth externalities: a bridge not yet built, Rev. Ind. Organiz., 38, 171 Nagarajan, S. (April 17, 2020). China's economy suffers its first contraction in 28 years, shrinking 6.8% in an 'extraordinary shock' to the global economy. Retrieved from https://www.businessinsider.com/china-economy-falls-first-quarter-2020-after-half-century-growth-2020-4. National Bureau of Statistics. (n.d). Diqu shuju. Retrieved from http://data.stats.gov.cn/easyquery.htm?cn=E0101. Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), 2001 Reeves, R.V., Rothwell, J., 2020. Class and COVID: How the less affluent face double risks. Retrieved from https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2020/03/27/class-and-covid-how-the-less-affluent-face-double-risks/. Shideler, 2007, The economic impact of broadband deployment in Kentucky Solow, 1956, A contribution to the theory of economic growth, Q. J. Econ., 70, 65, 10.2307/1884513 Song, Z., Wang, C., & Bergmann, L. (2020). China’s prefectural digital divide: Spatial analysis and multivariate determinants of ICT diffusion. International Journal of Information Management, 52, 1-12. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102072. Tencent (n.d.). Xinxing guanzhuang bingdu feiyan yiqing shishi zhuizong. Retrieved from https://news.qq.com/zt2020/page/feiyan.htm#/?nojump=1. Thompson, H., & Garbacz, C. (2008). Broadband impacts on state GDP: Direct and indirect impacts. Paper presented at the International Telecommunications Society 17th Biennial Conference, Montreal, Canada. Yamakawa, 2013, The diffusion of mobile telephones: an empirical analysis for Peru, Telecommun. Policy, 37, 594, 10.1016/j.telpol.2012.12.010 Yang, 2003, Economic openness and media penetration, Commun. Res., 30, 557, 10.1177/0093650203256359 Zhang, 2013, Income disparity and digital divide: the ICT consumption model and cross-country empirical research, Telecommun. Policy, 37, 515, 10.1016/j.telpol.2012.12.011