Body image drawings dissociate ethnic differences and anorexia in adolescent girls
Tóm tắt
To distinguish between ethnic differences among segregated schoolgirls and restrictive anorexia nervosa using a simple culture-fair test of body image (BI) figure drawings. Several responses to BI figure drawings by 178 adolescent schoolgirls from three ethnically distinct and segregated schools and communities in Israel, Jewish secular (JS), Jewish Haredi (H), and Christian Arab (C), and a group of 14 severely restricting anorexic girls (AN). BI evaluations were analyzed by MANCOVA, followed by paired or Student-t tests for comparisons between responses and groups respectively. Pearson r served for correlations and the Fisher Z for differences between slopes. Despite the total ethnic segregation among the schoolgirls, there are commonalities; all prefer a thinner ideal BI, and are similarly dissatisfied with their BI. However, ethnic differences also emerge: C underestimate their BI and how others view them, and H true and Ideal BI evaluations correlate, unlike the other groups. Despite this variability, and in stark contrast, the anorexic girls show a gross misperception of their BI, even in comparison to girls equated for BMI. The findings show that figure drawings evaluation of BI is a simple and robust instrument dissociating clinical and ethnic responses. Clinicians may consider body figure drawings as a simple, supportive, diagnostic for first-line recognition for risk of AN in adolescent girls.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Ozier AD, Henry BW. American Dietetic Association. Position of the American Dietetic Association: nutrition intervention in the treatment of eating disorders. J Am Diet Assoc. 2011;111:1236–41.
Golden NH, Katzman DK, Sawyer SM, Ornstein RM, Rome ES, Garber AK, Kohn M, Kreipe RE. Position Paper of the Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine: medical management of restrictive eating disorders in adolescents and young adults. J Adolesc Health. 2015;56:121–5.
Morgan JF, Fiona R, Lacey JH. The SCOFF questionnaire a new screening tool for eating disorders. West J Med. 2000;172:164–5.
Hansson E, Daukantaité D, Johnsson P. SCOFF in a general Swedish adolescent population. J Eat Disord. 2015;3:48.
Solmi F, Hatch SL, Hotopf M, Treasure J, Micali N. Validation of the SCOFF questionnaire for eating disorders in a multiethnic general population sample. Int J Eat Disord. 2015;48(3):312–6.
Keel PK, Klump KL. Are eating disorders culture bound syndromes? Implications for conceptualizing their etiology. Psychol Bull. 2003;129:747–69.
Latzer Y, Witztum E. Stein. Eating disorders and disordered eating in Israel: an updated review. Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2008;16:361–74.
White MA, Grilo CM. Ethnic differences in the prediction of eating and body image disturbances among female adolescent psychiatric inpatients. Int J Eat Disord. 2005;38:78–84.
Gluck ME, Geliebter A. Racial/ethnic differences in body image and eating behaviors. Eat Behav. 2002;3:143–51.
Gluck ME, Geliebter A. Body image and eating behaviors in Orthodox and Secular Jewish women. J Gend Specif Med. 2002;5:19–24.
Evans P, McConnell A. Do racial minorities respond in the same way to mainstream beauty standards? Social comparison processes in Asian, Black, and White women. Self Identity. 2003;2:153–67.
Latzer Y, Tzischinsky O, Azaiza F. Disordered eating related behaviors among Arab schoolgirls in Israel: an epidemiological study. Int J Eat Disord. 2007;40:263–70.
Latzer Y, Orna T, Gefen S. Level of religiosity and disordered eating psychopathology among modern-orthodox Jewish adolescent girls in Israel. Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2007;19:511–21.
Safir MP, Flaisher-Kellner S, Rosenmann A. When gender differences surpass cultural differences in personal satisfaction with body shape in Israeli College Students. Sex Roles. 2005;52:369–78.
Apter A, Abu Shah M, Iancu I, Abramovitch H, Weizman A, Tyano S. Cultural effects on eating attitudes in Israeli subpopulations and hospitalized anorectics. Genet Soc Gen Psychol Monogr. 1994;120:83–99.
Latzer Y, Azaiza F, Tzischinsky O. Eating attitudes and dieting behavior among religious subgroups of Israeli-Arab adolescent females. J Relig Health. 2009;48:189–99.
Latzer Y, Tzischinsky O, Geraisy N. Comparative study of eating-related attitudes and psychological traits between Israeli-Arab and-Jewish schoolgirls. J Adolesc. 2007;30(4):627–37.
Rieger E, Touyz SW, Swain T, Beumont PJ. Cross-cultural research on anorexia nervosa: assumptions regarding the role of body weight. Int J Eat Disord. 2001;29:205–15.
Skrzypek S, Wehmeier PM, Remschmidt H. Body image assessment using body size estimation in recent studies on anorexia nervosa. a brief review. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2001;10:215–21.
Goldzak-Kunik G, Friedman R, Spitz M, Sandler L, Leshem M. Intact sensory function in anorexia nervosa. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012;95:272–82.
Cortese S, Falissard B, Pigaiani Y, et al. The relationship between body mass index and body size dissatisfaction in young adolescents: spline function analysis. J Am Diet Assoc. 2010;110:1098–102.
Ahern AL, Bennett KM, Kelly M, Hetherington MM. A qualitative exploration of young women’s attitudes towards the thin ideal. J Health Psychol. 2011;16:70–9.
Collins EM. Body figure perceptions and preferences among preadolescent children. Int J Eat Disord. 1990;10:199–208.
Te’eni-Harari T, Eyal K. Liking them thin: adolescents’ favorite television characters and body image. J Health Commun. 2015;20:607–15.
Lazter Y, Weinberger-Litman S, Gerson B, Rosch A, Mischel R, Hinden T, et al. Negative religious coping predicts disordered eating pathology among orthodox Jewish adolescent girls. J Relig Health. 2015;53:1760–71.