Blunt cardiac injury

Mattox, 1992, Blunt cardiac injury [comment], Journal of Trauma—Injury Infection & Critical Care, 33, 649, 10.1097/00005373-199211000-00001

Parmley, 1958, Nonpenetrating traumatic injury of the heart, Circulation, 18, 371, 10.1161/01.CIR.18.3.371

Dubrow, 1989, Myocardial contusion in the stable patient: what level of care is appropriate [discussion]?, Surgery, 106, 267

DeMuth, 1967, Contusions of the heart, Journal of Trauma—Injury Infection & Critical Care, 7, 443, 10.1097/00005373-196705000-00009

Wisner, 1990, Suspected myocardial contusion. Triage and indications for monitoring, Ann Surg, 212, 82, 10.1097/00000658-199007000-00011

Shorr, 1987, Blunt thoracic trauma. Analysis of 515 patients, Ann Surg, 206, 200, 10.1097/00000658-198708000-00013

Sigler, 1945, Traumatic injury of the heart: incidence of its occurrence in forty-two cases of severe accidental bodily injury, Am Heart J, 30, 459, 10.1016/0002-8703(45)90042-1

Fulda, 1991, Blunt traumatic rupture of the heart and pericardium: a ten-year experience (1979–1989) [discussion], Journal of Trauma—Injury Infection & Critical Care, 31, 167, 10.1097/00005373-199131020-00003

Bu'Lock, 1994, Cardiac involvement in seatbelt-related and direct sternal trauma: a prospective study and management implications, Eur Heart J, 15, 1621, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a060444

Crown, 1997, Commotio cordis: clinical implications of blunt cardiac trauma, Am Fam Physician, 55, 2467

Scorpio, 1996, Blunt cardiac injuries in children: a postmortem study, Journal of Trauma—Injury Infection & Critical Care, 41, 306, 10.1097/00005373-199608000-00018

Patetsios, 2000, Lacerations of the left ventricle from rib fractures after blunt trauma, Journal of Trauma—Injury Infection & Critical Care, 49, 771, 10.1097/00005373-200010000-00032

Sutherland, 1983, Frequency of myocardial injury after blunt chest trauma as evaluated by radionuclide angiography, Am J Cardiol, 52, 1099, 10.1016/0002-9149(83)90540-4

Pretre, 1997, Blunt trauma to the heart and great vessels, N Engl J Med, 336, 626, 10.1056/NEJM199702273360906

Karalis, 1994, The role of echocardiography in blunt chest trauma: a transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiographic study, Journal of Trauma—Injury Infection & Critical Care, 36, 53, 10.1097/00005373-199401000-00008

Kato, 1994, Blunt traumatic rupture of the heart: an experience in Tokyo[discussion], Journal of Trauma—Injury Infection & Critical Care, 36, 859, 10.1097/00005373-199406000-00017

Cachecho, 1992, The clinical significance of myocardial contusion [discussion], Journal of Trauma—Injury Infection & Critical Care, 33, 68, 10.1097/00005373-199207000-00014

van Wijngaarden, 1997, Blunt cardiac injury: a 10 year institutional review, Injury, 28, 51, 10.1016/S0020-1383(96)00118-0

Baxter, 1989, A plea for sensible management of myocardial contusion [discussion], Am J Surg, 158, 557, 10.1016/0002-9610(89)90192-X

Dowd, 1996, Pediatric blunt cardiac injury: epidemiology, clinical features, and diagnosis. Pediatric Emergency Medicine Collaborative Research Committee: Working Group on Blunt Cardiac Injury, Journal of Trauma—Injury Infection & Critical Care, 40, 61, 10.1097/00005373-199601000-00012

LoCicero, 1989, Epidemiology of chest trauma, Surg Clin North Am, 69, 15, 10.1016/S0039-6109(16)44730-4

Santavirta, 1992, Ruptures of the heart in seatbelt wearers, Journal of Trauma—Injury Infection & Critical Care, 32, 275, 10.1097/00005373-199203000-00001

Calhoon, 1986, Management of blunt rupture of the heart, Journal of Trauma—Injury Infection & Critical Care, 26, 495, 10.1097/00005373-198606000-00001

Roth, 2002, Delayed heart perforation after blunt trauma, Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 21, 121, 10.1016/S1010-7940(01)01054-5

Malangoni, 1994, Outcome of serious blunt cardiac injury [discussion], Surgery, 116, 628

Genoni, 1997, Traumatic ventricular septal defect, Heart, 78, 316, 10.1136/hrt.78.3.316

Pevec, 1989, Rupture of the left ventricle and interventricular septum by blunt trauma, Crit Care Med, 17, 837, 10.1097/00003246-198908000-00023

Simmers, 2001, Traumatic papillary muscle rupture, Ann Thorac Surg, 72, 257, 10.1016/S0003-4975(00)02498-X

Wilke, 1997, Papillary muscle injury after blunt chest trauma, Journal of Trauma—Injury Infection & Critical Care, 43, 360, 10.1097/00005373-199708000-00027

Caparrelli, 2002, Aortic and mitral valve disruption following nonpenetrating chest trauma, Journal of Trauma—Injury Infection & Critical Care, 52, 377, 10.1097/00005373-200202000-00028

Pretre, 1993, Surgical management of aortic valve injury after nonpenetrating trauma, Ann Thorac Surg, 56, 1426, 10.1016/0003-4975(93)90708-P

Shammas, 1992, Traumatic mitral insufficiency complicating blunt chest trauma treated medically: a case report and review, Crit Care Med, 20, 1064, 10.1097/00003246-199207000-00028

van Son, 1994, Traumatic tricuspid valve insufficiency. Experience in thirteen patients, J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 108, 893, 10.1016/S0022-5223(94)70188-1

Harada, 2002, Traumatic coronary artery dissection, Ann Thorac Surg, 74, 236, 10.1016/S0003-4975(01)03515-9

Snow, 1982, Myocardial contusion: implications for patients with multiple traumatic injuries, Surgery, 92, 744

Brown, 1997, Trauma to the heart, Chest Surg Clin N Am, 7, 325

Chiu, 1997, Sternal fractures in blunt chest trauma: a practical algorithm for management, Am J Emerg Med, 15, 252, 10.1016/S0735-6757(97)90007-3

Orliaguet, 2001, The heart in blunt trauma [comment], Anesthesiology, 95, 544, 10.1097/00000542-200108000-00041

Rogers, 1997, Upper torso cyanosis: a marker for blunt cardiac rupture, Am J Emerg Med, 15, 275, 10.1016/S0735-6757(97)90013-9

Feghali, 1995, Blunt myocardial injury [comment], Chest, 108, 1673, 10.1378/chest.108.6.1673

Miller, 1989, Myocardial contusion. When can the diagnosis be eliminated?, Arch Surg, 124, 805, 10.1001/archsurg.1989.01410070059012

Maenza, 1996, A meta-analysis of blunt cardiac trauma: ending myocardial confusion, Am J Emerg Med, 14, 237, 10.1016/S0735-6757(96)90165-5

Pasquale

Paone, 1993, Diagnosis of myocardial contusion, South Med J, 86, 867, 10.1097/00007611-199308000-00004

Foil, 1990, The asymptomatic patient with suspected myocardial contusion [discussion], Am J Surg, 160, 638, 10.1016/S0002-9610(05)80764-0

Potkin, 1982, Evaluation of noninvasive tests of cardiac damage in suspected cardiac contusion, Circulation, 66, 627, 10.1161/01.CIR.66.3.627

Healey, 1990, Blunt cardiac injury: is this diagnosis necessary?, Journal of Trauma—Injury Infection & Critical Care, 30, 137, 10.1097/00005373-199002000-00002

Walsh, 2001, Use of V4R in patients who sustain blunt chest trauma, Journal of Trauma—Injury Infection & Critical Care, 51, 60, 10.1097/00005373-200107000-00009

Mooney, 1988, Conventional and right precordial ECGs, creatine kinase, and radionuclide angiography in post-traumatic ventricular dysfunction, Ann Emerg Med, 17, 890, 10.1016/S0196-0644(88)80665-6

Illig, 1991, A rational screening and treatment strategy based on the electrocardiogram alone for suspected cardiac contusion [discussion], Am J Surg, 162, 537, 10.1016/0002-9610(91)90105-M

Salim, 2001, Clinically significant blunt cardiac trauma: role of serum Troponin levels combined with electrocardiographic findings, Journal of Trauma—Injury Infection & Critical Care, 50, 237, 10.1097/00005373-200102000-00008

Fabian, 1991, A prospective evaluation of myocardial contusion: correlation of significant arrhythmias and cardiac output with CPK-MB measurements [discussion], Journal of Trauma—Injury Infection & Critical Care, 31, 653, 10.1097/00005373-199105000-00009

Sakka, 2000, Late cardiac arrhythmias after blunt chest trauma, Intensive Care Med, 26, 792, 10.1007/s001340051248

Fildes, 1995, Limiting cardiac evaluation in patients with suspected myocardial contusion, Am Surg, 61, 832

Biffl, 1994, Cardiac enzymes are irrelevant in the patient with suspected myocardial contusion [discussion], Am J Surg, 168, 523, 10.1016/S0002-9610(05)80115-1

Bruschi, 2001, Papillary muscle rupture and pericardial injuries after blunt chest trauma, Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 20, 200, 10.1016/S1010-7940(01)00727-8

Hossack, 1988, Frequency of cardiac contusion in nonpenetrating chest injury, Am J Cardiol, 61, 391, 10.1016/0002-9149(88)90951-4

Adams, 1996, Improved detection of cardiac contusion with cardiac Troponin I, Am Heart J, 131, 308, 10.1016/S0002-8703(96)90359-2

Adams, 1997, Utility of cardiac troponins in patients with suspected cardiac trauma or after cardiac surgery, Clin Lab Med, 17, 613, 10.1016/S0272-2712(18)30188-4

Tsung, 1976, Creatine kinase isoenzyme patterns in human tissue obtained at surgery, Clin Chem, 22, 173, 10.1093/clinchem/22.2.173

Tsung, 1981, Several conditions causing elevation of serum CK–MB and CK–BB, Am J Clin Pathol, 75, 711, 10.1093/ajcp/75.5.711

Bertinchant, 2000, Evaluation of incidence, clinical significance, and prognostic value of circulating cardiac Troponin I and T elevation in hemodynamically stable patients with suspected myocardial contusion after blunt chest trauma, Journal of Trauma—Injury Infection & Critical Care, 48, 924, 10.1097/00005373-200005000-00018

Collins, 2001, The usefulness of serum Troponin levels in evaluating cardiac injury [discussion], Am Surg, 67, 821, 10.1177/000313480106700902

Ferjani, 1997, Circulating cardiac Troponin T in myocardial contusion [comment], Chest, 111, 427, 10.1378/chest.111.2.427

Chirillo, 1996, Usefulness of transthoracic and transoesophageal echocardiography in recognition and management of cardiovascular injuries after blunt chest trauma, Heart, 75, 301, 10.1136/hrt.75.3.301

Garcia-Fernandez, 1998, Role of transesophageal echocardiography in the assessment of patients with blunt chest trauma: correlation of echocardiographic findings with the electrocardiogram and creatine kinase monoclonal antibody measurements, Am Heart J, 135, 476, 10.1016/S0002-8703(98)70324-2

Christensen, 1993, Myocardial contusion: new concepts in diagnosis and management, Am J Crit Care, 2, 28, 10.4037/ajcc1993.2.1.28

Helling, 1989, A prospective evaluation of 68 patients suffering blunt chest trauma for evidence of cardiac injury [discussion], Journal of Trauma—Injury Infection & Critical Care, 29, 961, 10.1097/00005373-198907000-00009

Mollod, 1996, Transesophageal echocardiography in the evaluation of cardiothoracic trauma, Am Heart J, 132, 841, 10.1016/S0002-8703(96)90320-8

Olsovsky, 1997, Cardiac trauma. Diagnosis, management, and current therapy [comment], Angiology, 48, 423, 10.1177/000331979704800506

Bodin, 1988, Myocardial contusion in patients with blunt chest trauma as evaluated by thallium 201 myocardial scintigraphy, Chest, 94, 72, 10.1378/chest.94.1.72

Godbe, 1992, Diagnosis of myocardial contusion. Quantitative analysis of single photon emission computed tomographic scans, Arch Surg, 127, 888, 10.1001/archsurg.1992.01420080022003

Gunnar, 1991, The utility of cardiac evaluation in the hemodynamically stable patient with suspected myocardial contusion, Am Surg, 57, 373

Hendel, 1992, Focal myocardial injury following blunt chest trauma: a comparison of indium-111 antimyosin scintigraphy with other noninvasive methods, Am Heart J, 123, 1208, 10.1016/0002-8703(92)91025-V

McLean, 1992, Significance of myocardial contusion following blunt chest trauma, Journal of Trauma—Injury Infection & Critical Care, 33, 240, 10.1097/00005373-199208000-00013

Weiss, 1996, The usefulness of transesophageal echocardiography in diagnosing cardiac contusions, Chest, 109, 73, 10.1378/chest.109.1.73

Sturaitis, 1986, Lack of significant long-term sequelae following traumatic myocardial contusion, Arch Intern Med, 146, 1765, 10.1001/archinte.1986.00360210149021

Lindstaedt, 2002, Acute and long-term clinical significance of myocardial contusion following blunt thoracic trauma: results of a prospective study, Journal of Trauma—Injury Infection & Critical Care, 52, 479, 10.1097/00005373-200203000-00011