Allen, B. R. (1999). Homosexuals are an oppressed minority. In M. E. Williams & O. Viewpoints (Eds.), Homosexuality. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press.
Anderson, E. (2008).“Inclusive masculinity in a fraternal setting.” Men and Masculinities 10, no. 5 (August): 604–620.
Brown, J. A. (1999).“Comic book masculinity and the new black superhero.” African American Review 33, no. 1 (Spring): 25–42.
Brown, T. L., Parks, G. S., & Phillips, C. M. (Eds.). (2005). African American fraternities and sororities: the legacy and the vision. Lexington, KY: The University Press of Kentucky.
Crump, W. L. (1983). The story of Kappa Alpha Psi: a history of the beginning and development of college Greek letter organizations, 1911–1983. Philadelphia, PA: Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity.
Donaldson, M. (1993). “What is hegemonic masculinity?” Theory and Society 22, no. 5 (October,): 643–657.
Dyson, M. E. (2004). The Michael Eric Dyson reader. New York, NY: Basic Civitas Books.
Green, D. S. (1977). “W.E.B. DuBois’ Talented tenth: a strategy for racial advancement.” Journal of Negro Education 46, no. 3 (Summer): 358–366.
Hooks, B. (2004a). We real cool: black men and masculinity. New York, NY: Routledge.
Hooks, B. (2004b). The will to change: men, masculinity, and love. New York, NY: Atria Books.
Hughey, M. W. (2008). “Brotherhood or brothers in the ‘Hood’? debunking the ‘Educated Gang’ Thesis as black fraternity and sorority slander.” Race, Ethnicity, and Education 11, no. 4 (December): 443–463.
Hunter, F. L. Jr. (2010). “Religious marginalization: Homophobia in the US Black Church and black community.” Paper presented at Western Illinois University, Macomb, IL. August.
Hunter, A. G., & Davis, J. E. (1992). “Constructing gender: an exploration of Afro-American men's conceptualization of manhood.” Gender and Society 6, no. 3 (September): 464–479.
Jenkins, R. D. (2010). “‘Hip-Hop Hooray... Ho, Hey, Ho!’: hip-hop origins and its affect on modern day culture, 1965–2008.” Master's thesis, Morgan State University, Baltimore MD.
Johnson, E. T. (2009). “Omega Psi Phi fraternity, Pi chapter: African American male identity and fraternity culture 1923–2003.” PhD diss., Morgan State University, Baltimore MD.
Kimbrough, W. (2010). “Black Greek deathwatch.” Diverse: Issues in Higher Education 26, no. 26 (February 4): 21.
Little, M. H. (2002). “The extra-curricular activities of black college students, 1868–1940.” Journal of African American History 87, (Winter): 43–55.
McClure, S. M. (2006). “Improvising masculinity: African American fraternity membership in construction of a black masculinity.” Journal of African American Studies 10, no. 1 (Summer): 57–73.
Miller, P. B. (1995). “To ‘bring the race along rapidly’: sport, student culture, and educational mission at historically black colleges during the inter-war years.” History of Education Quarterly 35, no. 2 (Summer): 111–133.
National Pan Hellenic Council, Inc. “Mission.” http://www.nphcq.org (accessed October 19, 2010).
Parker, M. H. (1954).“Some educational activities of the Freedmen's Bureau.” Journal of Negro Education 23, no. 1 (Winter): 9–21.
Ross, L. C., Jr. (2000). The Divine Nine: the history of African American fraternities and sororities. New York, NY: Kensington.
School Daze, DVD. Directed by Spike Lee. Culver City, CA: Columbia Pictures, 2003.