Biventricular pacing in patients with congestive heart failure: two prospective randomized trials

Saxon, 1998, Permanent pacemaker therapy for improvement of cardiac function in advanced heart failure, 105 Saxon, 1998, Acute effects of intraoperative multisite ventricular pacing on left ventricular function and activation/contraction sequence in patients with depressed ventricular function, J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, 9, 13, 10.1111/j.1540-8167.1998.tb00862.x Kerwin, 1998, Biventricular pacing in dilated cardiomyopathy, PACE Pacing Clin Electrophysiol, 21, 837 Cazeau, 1994, Four-chamber pacing in dilated cardiomyopathy, PACE Pacing Clin Electrophysiol, 17, 1974, 10.1111/j.1540-8159.1994.tb03783.x Auricchio, 1998, Clinical and objective improvements in severe congestive heart failure patients using univentricular and biventricular pacing, J Am Coll Cardiol, 31, 31A, 10.1016/S0735-1097(97)83850-8 Auricchio, 1997, Acute hemodynamic improvement by pacing in patients with severe congestive heart failure, PACE Pacing Clin Electrophysiol, 20, 313, 10.1111/j.1540-8159.1997.tb06176.x Bakker, 1995, Biventricular pacing improves functional capacity in patients with end-stage congestive heart failure, PACE Pacing Clin Electrophysiol, 18, 825 Saxon, 1998, The magnitude of sympathoneural activation in advanced heart failure is altered with chronic biventricular pacing, PACE Pacing Clin Electrophysiol, 21, 914 American Heart Association, 1997 Heart & Stroke Statistical Update. O’Connell, 1994, Economic impact of heart failure in the United States, J Heart Lung Transplant, 13, S107 Cohn, 1986, Effect of vasodilator therapy on mortality in chronic congestive heart failure. Results of a Veterans Administration Cooperative Study, N Engl J Med, 314, 1547, 10.1056/NEJM198606123142404 Cohn, 1991, A comparison of enalapril with hydralazine-isosorbide dinitrate in the treatment of chronic congestive heart failure, N Engl J Med, 325, 303, 10.1056/NEJM199108013250502 1987, Effects of enalapril on mortality in severe congestive heart failure. Results of the Cooperative North Scandinavian Enalapril Survival Study (CONSENSUS), N Engl J Med, 316, 1429, 10.1056/NEJM198706043162301 Packer, 1996, The effect of carvedilol on morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic heart failure. Carvedilol Heart Failure Study Group, N Engl J Med, 334, 1349, 10.1056/NEJM199605233342101 Doval, 1994, Randomised trial of low-dose amiodarone in severe congestive heart failure. Grupo de Estudio de la Sobrevida en la Insuficiencia Cardiaca en Argentina (GESICA), Lancet, 344, 493, 10.1016/S0140-6736(94)91895-3 Singh, 1995, Amiodarone in patients with congestive heart failure and asymptomatic ventricular arrhythmia. Survival Trial of Antiarrhythmic Therapy in Congestive Heart Failure, N Engl J Med, 333, 77, 10.1056/NEJM199507133330201 Stevenson, 1995, Improving survival for patients with advanced heart failure, J Am Coll Cardiol, 26, 1417, 10.1016/0735-1097(95)00341-X Goldman, 1993, Mechanism of death in heart failure. The Vasodilator-Heart Failure Trials. The V-HeFT VA Cooperative Studies Group, Circulation, 87(6, VI24 Auricchio, 1998, Effect of pacing chamber and atrio-ventricular delay on acute systolic function of paced heart failure patients in PATH-CHF Study, PACE Pacing Clin Electrophysiol, 21, 837 Rector, 1993, Validity of the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure questionnaire as a measure of therapeutic response to enalapril or placebo, Am J Cardiol, 71, 1106, 10.1016/0002-9149(93)90582-W