Biomechanical evaluation of a spherical lumbar interbody device at varying levels of subsidence

Fernström, 1966, Arthroplasty with intercorporal endoprothesis in herniated disc and in painful disc, Acta Chir Scand Suppl, 357, 154 Wiltberger, 1963, Surgical treatment of degenerative disease of the back, J Bone Joint Surg Am, 45, 1509, 10.2106/00004623-196345070-00016 Kumar, 2001, Correlation between sagittal plane changes and adjacent segment degeneration following lumbar spine fusion, Eur Spine J, 10, 314, 10.1007/s005860000239 Pellise, 2007, Radiologic assessment of all unfused lumbar segments 7.5 years after instrumented posterior spinal fusion, Spine, 32, 574, 10.1097/01.brs.0000256875.17765.e6 Schulte, 2007, Disc height reduction in adjacent segments and clinical outcome 10 years after lumbar 360 degrees fusion, Eur Spine J, 16, 2152, 10.1007/s00586-007-0515-7 Coric, 2008, Nucleus replacement technologies, J Neurosurg Spine, 8, 115, 10.3171/SPI/2008/8/2/115 Bono, 2004, History and evolution of disc replacement, Spine J, 4, 145S, 10.1016/j.spinee.2004.07.005 Punt, 2008, Complications and reoperations of the SB Charite lumbar disc prosthesis: experience in 75 patients, Eur Spine J, 17, 36, 10.1007/s00586-007-0506-8 Bertagnoli, 2006, Lumbar total disc arthroplasty in patients older than 60 years of age: a prospective study of the ProDisc prosthesis with 2-year minimum follow-up period, J Neurosurg Spine, 4, 85, 10.3171/spi.2006.4.2.85 David, 2007, Long-term results of one-level lumbar arthroplasty: minimum 10-year follow-up of the CHARITE artificial disc in 106 patients, Spine, 32, 661, 10.1097/01.brs.0000257554.67505.45 Siepe, 2007, Total lumbar disc replacement in athletes: clinical results, return to sport and athletic performance, Eur Spine J, 16, 1001, 10.1007/s00586-006-0257-y Bertagnoli, 2002, Surgical and clinical results with the PDN prosthetic disc-nucleus device, Eur Spine J, 11, S143, 10.1007/s00586-002-0424-8 McKenzie, 1995, Intervertebral disc arthroplasty: long-term clinical results, Orthop Int, 3, 313 Shim, 2007, CHARITE versus ProDisc: a comparative study of a minimum 3-year follow-up, Spine, 32, 1012, 10.1097/01.brs.0000260795.57798.a0 van Ooij, 2003, Complications of artificial disc replacement: a report of 27 patients with the SB Charite disc, J Spinal Disord Tech, 16, 369, 10.1097/00024720-200308000-00009 Siepe, 2008, Analysis of post-operative pain patterns following total lumbar disc replacement: results from fluoroscopically guided spine infiltrations, Eur Spine J, 17, 44, 10.1007/s00586-007-0519-3 Link, 2002, History, design and biomechanics of the LINK SB Charite artificial disc, Eur Spine J, 11, S98, 10.1007/s00586-002-0475-x Huang, 2003, Long-term flexion-extension range of motion of the ProDisc total disc replacement, J Spinal Disord Tech, 16, 435, 10.1097/00024720-200310000-00001 Liu, 2006, Effect of the increase in the height of lumbar disc space on facet joint articulation area in sagittal plane, Spine, 31, E198, 10.1097/01.brs.0000206387.67098.a0 Denoziere, 2006, Biomechanical comparison between fusion of two vertebrae and implantation of an artificial intervertebral disc, J Biomech, 39, 766, 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2004.07.039 Rousseau, 2006, Disc arthroplasty design influences intervertebral kinematics and facet forces, Spine J, 6, 258, 10.1016/j.spinee.2005.07.004 Rundell, 2008, Total disc replacement positioning affects facet contact forces and vertebral body strains, Spine, 33, 2510, 10.1097/BRS.0b013e318186b258 Kopperdahl, 1998, Yield strain behavior of trabecular bone, J Biomech, 31, 601, 10.1016/S0021-9290(98)00057-8 Mosekilde, 1987, Biomechanical competence of vertebral trabecular bone in relation to ash density and age in normal individuals, Bone, 8, 79, 10.1016/8756-3282(87)90074-3 Hansson, 1987, A study of the compressive properties of lumbar vertebral trabeculae: effects of tissue characteristics, Spine, 12, 56, 10.1097/00007632-198701000-00011 White, 1990 Yosibash, 2007, A CT-based high-order finite element analysis of the human proximal femur compared to in-vitro experiments, J Biomech Eng, 129, 297, 10.1115/1.2720906 Sawatari, 2005, Three-dimensional finite element analysis of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty–the influence of tibial component inclination, J Orthop Res, 23, 549, 10.1016/j.orthres.2004.06.007 Ulrich, 1999, The ability of three-dimensional structural indices to reflect mechanical aspects of trabecular bone, Bone, 25, 55, 10.1016/S8756-3282(99)00098-8 Morgan, 2003, Trabecular bone modulus-density relationships depend on anatomic site, J Biomech, 36, 897, 10.1016/S0021-9290(03)00071-X Kumaresan, 2001, Contribution of disc degeneration to osteophyte formation in the cervical spine: a biomechanical investigation, J Orthop Res, 19, 977, 10.1016/S0736-0266(01)00010-9 Silva, 1997, Load sharing between the shell and centrum in the lumbar vertebral body, Spine, 22, 140, 10.1097/00007632-199701150-00004 Polikeit, 2003, The effect of cement augmentation on the load transfer in an osteoporotic functional spinal unit: finite-element analysis, Spine, 28, 991, 10.1097/01.BRS.0000061987.71624.17 Schmidt, 2006, Application of a new calibration method for a three-dimensional finite element model of a human lumbar annulus fibrosus, Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon), 21, 337, 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2005.12.001 Shirazi-Adl, 1986, Mechanical response of a lumbar motion segment in axial torque alone and combined with compression, Spine, 11, 914, 10.1097/00007632-198611000-00012 Rohlmann, 2006, Analysis of the influence of disc degeneration on the mechanical behaviour of a lumbar motion segment using the finite element method, J Biomech, 39, 2484, 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2005.07.026 Schmidt, 2007, Application of a calibration method provides more realistic results for a finite element model of a lumbar spinal segment, Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon), 22, 377, 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2006.11.008 Noailly, 2005, Finite element study of a novel intervertebral disc substitute, Spine, 30, 2257, 10.1097/01.brs.0000182319.81795.72 Frei, 2001, The effect of nucleotomy on lumbar spine mechanics in compression and shear loading, Spine, 26, 2080, 10.1097/00007632-200110010-00007 Yamamoto, 1989, Three-dimensional movements of the whole lumbar spine and lumbosacral joint, Spine, 14, 1256, 10.1097/00007632-198911000-00020 Mimura, 1994, Disc degeneration affects the multidirectional flexibility of the lumbar spine, Spine, 19, 1371, 10.1097/00007632-199406000-00011 Panjabi, 1994, Mechanical behavior of the human lumbar and lumbosacral spine as shown by three-dimensional load-displacement curves, J Bone Joint Surg Am, 76, 413, 10.2106/00004623-199403000-00012 Fujiwara, 2000, The effect of disc degeneration and facet joint osteoarthritis on the segmental flexibility of the lumbar spine, Spine, 25, 3036, 10.1097/00007632-200012010-00011 Schmoelz, 2003, Dynamic stabilization of the lumbar spine and its effects on adjacent segments: an in vitro experiment, J Spinal Disord Tech, 16, 418, 10.1097/00024720-200308000-00015 Niosi, 2006, Biomechanical characterization of the three-dimensional kinematic behaviour of the Dynesys dynamic stabilization system: an in vitro study, Eur Spine J, 15, 913, 10.1007/s00586-005-0948-9 Nagaraja, 2005, Trabecular bone microdamage and microstructural stresses under uniaxial compression, J Biomech, 38, 707, 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2004.05.013 Vadapalli, 2006, Biomechanical rationale for using polyetheretherketone (PEEK) spacers for lumbar interbody fusion—a finite element study, Spine, 31, E992, 10.1097/01.brs.0000250177.84168.ba O'Leary, 2005, Response of Charite total disc replacement under physiologic loads: prosthesis component motion patterns, Spine J, 5, 590, 10.1016/j.spinee.2005.06.015 Moumene, 2007, Comparison of biomechanical function at ideal and varied surgical placement for two lumbar artificial disc implant designs: mobile-core versus fixed-core, Spine, 32, 1840, 10.1097/BRS.0b013e31811ec29c Goel, 2005, Effects of Charite artificial disc on the implanted and adjacent spinal segments mechanics using a hybrid testing protocol, Spine, 30, 2755, 10.1097/01.brs.0000195897.17277.67