Biochar Incorporation into Pasture Soil Suppresses in situ Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Ruminant Urine Patches

Journal of Environmental Quality - Tập 40 Số 2 - Trang 468-476 - 2011
Arezoo Taghizadeh‐Toosi1, Timothy J. Clough1, Leo M. Condron2,1, Robert R. Sherlock1, Craig Anderson2, Robin A. Craigie3
1Dep. of Soil and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, P.O. Box 84, Lincoln Univ., Lincoln, 7647 NZ
2Bio-Protection Research Centre, P.O. Box 84, Lincoln Univ., Lincoln, 7647 NZ
3Foundation for Arable Research, P.O. Box 80, Lincoln, 7640 NZ

Tóm tắt

Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from grazing animal excreta are estimated to be responsible for 1.5 Tg of the total 6.7 Tg of anthropogenic N2O emissions. This study was conducted to determine the in situ effect of incorporating biochar, into soil, on N2O emissions from bovine urine patches and associated pasture uptake of N. The effects of biochar rate (0–30 t ha−1), following soil incorporation, were investigated on ruminant urine‐derived N2O fluxes, N uptake by pasture, and pasture yield. During an 86‐d spring‐summer period, where irrigation and rainfall occurred, the N2O fluxes from 15N labeled ruminant urine patches were reduced by >50%, after incorporating 30 t ha−1 of biochar. Taking into account the N2O emissions from the control plots, 30 t ha−1 of biochar reduced the N2O emission factor from urine by 70%. The atom% 15N enrichment of the N2O emitted was lower in the 30 t ha−1 biochar treatment, indicating less urine‐N contributed to the N2O flux. Soil NO3−‐N concentrations were lower with increasing biochar rate during the first 30 d following urine deposition. No differences occurred, due to biochar addition, with respect to dry matter yields, herbage N content, or recovery of 15N applied in herbage. Incorporating biochar into the soil can significantly diminish ruminant urine‐derived N2O emissions. Further work is required to determine the persistence of the observed effect and to fully understand the mechanism(s) of the observed reduction in N2O fluxes.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

ASTM, 2009, Standard test method for carbon black–iodine absorption

Blakemore L.C., 1987, Methods for chemical analysis for soils, NZ Soil Bureau Scientific report, 80, 9

10.1016/0008-6223(94)90031-0

10.1111/j.1757-1707.2010.01055.x

10.2136/sssaj2009.0185

10.2134/jeq2010.0204

10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.07.032

Denman K.L., 2007, Climate change 2007: The physical science basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

Forster P., 2007, Climate change 2007: The physical basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 129

10.1016/S0065-2113(08)60794-4

Hewitt A.E., 1998, New Zealand soil classification

Jarvis S.C., 1990, Ammonia volatilisation from agricultural land, Proc. Fert. Soc., 298, 1

Kelliher F.M. deKlein C.A.M. Li Z. andSherlock R.R.Review of nitrous oxide emission factor (EF) data.A report prepared for the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry 20.2005

10.1890/1540-9295(2007)5[381:BITB]2.0.CO;2

Lehmann J., 2009, Biochar for environmental management, science and technology, 1

10.2136/sssaj2005.0383

Minitab, 2000, Level 6

10.1016/j.soilbio.2003.08.027

10.1007/s10705-004-7354-2

10.1016/j.jaap.2005.08.002

10.1016/S0016-2361(99)00011-3

10.1126/science.1176985

10.1007/s00374-006-0152-z

Rondon M., 2005, Proc. of the 3rd Symp. on Greenhouse Gases and Carbon Sequestration

10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.01.017

10.1007/BF01052715

Sherlock R.R., 2008, Report prepared for Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry

10.2134/jeq2009.0138

10.1016/S0065-2113(10)05002-9

Sparks D.L., 1996, Methods of soil analysis. Part 3, Chemical methods, 1215, 10.2136/sssabookser5.3

10.1007/s11104-010-0359-5

10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.06.053

10.2134/jeq2009.0337

10.2136/sssaj1993.03615995005700040017x

10.1016/j.soilbio.2004.08.009

10.1071/SR10004

10.1126/science.1154960

10.1126/science.1160750

10.1016/S0038-0717(01)00096-7

10.1111/j.1747-0765.2007.00123.x

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Journal of Environmental Quality

Tập 40 Số 2

468-476

Thông tin tác giả