Beta blockade during and after myocardial infarction: An overview of the randomized trials

Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases - Tập 27 Số 5 - Trang 335-371 - 1985
Salim Yusuf, Richard Peto, John A. Lewis, Rory Collins, Peter Sleight

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Baber, 1981, Clinical experience with beta-adrenergic blocking agents in myocardial ischameia: a dilemma and a challenge, Pharmacol Ther, 13, 285, 10.1016/0163-7258(81)90004-8

Armstrong, 1972, Natural history of acute coronary heart attacks: A community study, Br Heart J, 34, 67, 10.1136/hrt.34.1.67

Kinlen, 1973, Incidence and presentation of myocardial infarction in an English community, Br Heart J, 35, 616, 10.1136/hrt.35.6.616

Tunstall-Pedoe, 1975, Coronary heart attacks in East London, Lancet, 2, 833, 10.1016/S0140-6736(75)90233-0

Sobel, 1972, Estimation of infarct size in man and its relation to prognosis, Circulation, 46, 640, 10.1161/01.CIR.46.4.640

Chapman, 1972, Relation of cardiac complications to SGOT level in acute myocardial infarction, Br Heart J, 34, 890, 10.1136/hrt.34.9.890

Thompson, 1979, Enzymatic indices of myocardial necrosis: Influence of short-and longterm prognosis after myocardial infarction, Circulation, 59, 113, 10.1161/01.CIR.59.1.113

Page, 1971, Myocardial changes associated with cardiogenic shock, Engl J Med, 285, 133, 10.1056/NEJM197107152850301

Bleifeld, 1977, Infarct size estimated from serial serum creatine phosphokinase in relation to left ventricular hemodynamics, Circulation, 55, 303, 10.1161/01.CIR.55.2.303

Norris, 1980, Treatment of acute myocardial infarction with propranolol: Further studies on enzyme appearance and subsequent left ventricular function in treated and control patients with developing infarcts, Br Heart J, 43, 617, 10.1136/hrt.43.6.617

Maroko, 1971, Factors influencing infarct size following experimental coronary occlusions, Circulation, 43, 67, 10.1161/01.CIR.43.1.67

Liedtke, 1976, Effects of coronary perfusion during myocardial hypoxia: Comparison of metabolic and hemodynamic events with global ischemia and hypoxemia, J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 71, 726, 10.1016/S0022-5223(19)40151-7

Radvany, 1975, Effect of hypoxemia on the extent of myocardial necrosis after experimental coronary occlusion, Am J Cardiol, 35, 795, 10.1016/0002-9149(75)90114-9

Yashikawa, 1973, Effect of acute anemia on experimental myocardial ischemia, Am J Cardiol, 32, 670, 10.1016/S0002-9149(73)80061-X

Libby, 1975, The effect of hypoglycemia on myocardial ischemic injury during acute experimental coronary artery occlusion, Circulation, 51, 621, 10.1161/01.CIR.51.4.621

Christensen, 1974, Plasma catecholamines and carbohydrate metabolism in patients with acute myocardial infarction, J Clin Invest, 54, 278, 10.1172/JCI107763

Oliver, 1976, Effect of reducing circulating free fatty acids on ventricular arrhythmias during myocardial infarction and on ST-segment depression during exercise-induced ischemia, Circulation, 53, 210

Mjos, 1971, Effect of free fatty acids on myocardial function and oxygen consumption in intact dogs, J Clin Invest, 50, 1386, 10.1172/JCI106621

Mueller, 1974, Propranolol in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction; effect on myocardial oxygenation and hemodynamics, Circulation, 49, 1078, 10.1161/01.CIR.49.6.1078

Kjekshus, 1972, Effect of free fatty acids on myocardial function and metabolism in the ischemic dog heart, J Clin Invest, 51, 1767, 10.1172/JCI106978

Baker, 1969, Isoproterenol-induced “coronary steal”: Metabolic observations in human coronary heart disease, Clin Res, 17, 228

Downey, 1973, Effect of isoproterenol on collateral blood flow in ischemic myocardium, Clin Res, 21, 817

Lowenstein, 1981, Regional ischemic ventricular dysfunction in myocardium supplied by a narrowed coronary artery with increasing halothane concentration in the dog, Anesthesiology, 55, 349, 10.1097/00000542-198110000-00004

Sanz, 1982, Determinants of prognosis in survivors of myocardial infarction, N Engl J Med, 306, 1065, 10.1056/NEJM198205063061801

Mueller, 1980, Propranolol decreases sympathetic nervous activity reflected by plasma catecholamines during evolution of myocardial infarction in man, J Clin Invest, 65, 338, 10.1172/JCI109677

Mueller, 1981, Clinical investigation of techniques to protect ischemic myocardium and minimize infarct size. Final Report, Contract NO1-HV-62960-1 from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute

Pitt, 1970, Effect of propranolol on regional myocardial blood flow in acute ischemia, Cardiovasc Res, 4, 176, 10.1093/cvr/4.2.176

Becker, 1971, Effect of ischemia and antianginal drugs on the distribution of radioactive microspheres in the canine left ventricle, Circ Res, 28, 263, 10.1161/01.RES.28.2.263

Vetner, 1977, Effects of gropranolol on regional myocardial function, electrocardiograms, and blood flow in conscious dogs with myocardial ischemia, J Clin Invest, 60, 353, 10.1172/JCI108783

Nayler, 1978, Prolonged protective effect of propranolol on hypoxic heart muscle, Am J Cardiol, 42, 217, 10.1016/0002-9149(78)90903-7

Waldenstrom, 1975, Myocardial enzyme release from ischemic isolated perfused working rat heart, vol 10, 307

Waldenstrom, 1979, A possible role of noradrenaline in the development of myocardial infarction: An experimental study in the isolated rat heart, Am Heart J, 95, 43, 10.1016/0002-8703(78)90395-2

Opie, 1976, Propranolol and experimental myocardial infarction: Substrate effects, Postgrad Med J, 52, 124

Kloner, 1977, The effect of propranolol on microvascular injury in acute myocardial ischemia, Circulation, 55, 872, 10.1161/01.CIR.55.6.872

Libby, 1973, Effect of practolol on the extent of myocardial ischaemic injury after experimental coronary occlusion and its effects on ventricular function in normal and ischaemic heart, Cardiovasc Res, 7, 167, 10.1093/cvr/7.2.167

Miura, 1979, The effect of delay in propranolol administration on reduction of myocardial infarct size after experimental coronary artery occlusion in dogs, Circulation, 59, 1148, 10.1161/01.CIR.59.6.1148

Shell, 1973, Changes in infarct size following administration of propranolol in the conscious dog, Am J Cardiol, 31, 157

Reimer, 1976, On the nature of protection by propranolol against myocardial necrosis after temporary coronary occlusion in dogs, Am J Cardiol, 37, 520, 10.1016/0002-9149(76)90391-X

Mantel, 1959, Statistical aspects of the analysis of data from retrospective studies of disease, J Natl Cancer Inst, 22, 719

Snow, 1966, Treatment of acute myocardial infarction with propranolol, Am J Cardiol, 18, 458, 10.1016/0002-9149(66)90070-1

Balcon, 1966, A controlled trial of propranolol in acute myocardial infarction, Lancet, 2, 917, 10.1016/S0140-6736(66)90532-0

Clausen, 1966, Absence of prophylactic effect of propranolol in myocardial infarction, Lancet, 2, 920, 10.1016/S0140-6736(66)90533-2

Multicentre Trial, 1966, Propranolol in acute myocardial infarction, Lancet, 2, 1435

Barber, 1967, Clinical trial of propranolol in acute myocardial infarction, Ulster Med J, 36, 127

Norris, 1968, Trial of propranolol in acute myocardial infarction, Br Med J, 398, 10.1136/bmj.2.5602.398

Kahler, 1968, The role of propranolol in the management of acute myocardial infarction, 213

Ledwich, 1968, A trial of propranolol in myocardial infarction, Can Med Assoc J, 20, 988

Snow PJD: personal communications in May 1980

Fuccella, 1968, Report on the double-blind trial with compound CIBA 39089 (Trasicor) in myocardial infarction, Quoted in Sowton E: Prog Cardiovasc Dis, 10, 561

Briant RB, Norris RM, Alprenolol in acute myocardial infarction: Double-blind trial NZ Med J 71, 135–138

Pitt, 1976, Reduction of myocardial infarct extension in man by propranolol, Circulation, 53–54, 29

Lombardo, 1979, Betablocking treatment in 440 cases of acute myocardial infarction: A study with oxprenolol, 2, 803

Thompson, 1979, A randomised trial of oral beta blockade during myocardial infarction: Lack of effect on enzymatic indices of myocardial necrosis, Aust NZ J Med, 9, 757

Hutton, 1979, A prospective randomized trial of propranolol in acute myocardial infarction, Excerpta Med Inst Congr Ser, 2, 824

Tonkin, 1981, Beta blockade in acute myocardial infarction, Med J Austr, 2, 145, 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1981.tb100839.x

Gupta, 1982, Effect of oral propranolol on the extent of acute anterior myocardial infarction, 2, 616

Barber, 1976, Practolol in acute myocardial infarction, Acta Med Scand, 587, 213, 10.1111/j.0954-6820.1976.tb05884.x

Wilcox, 1980, Randomised trial comparing propranolol with atenolol in immediate treatment of suspected myocardial infarction, Br Med J, 280, 885, 10.1136/bmj.280.6218.885

Wilcox, 1980, Randomised placebo-controlled trial comparing oxprenolol with disopyramide phosphate in immediate treatment of suspected myocardial infarction, Lancet, 2, 765, 10.1016/S0140-6736(80)90385-2

1981, An early intervention secondary prevention study with oxprenolol following myocardial infarction, Eur Heart J, 2, 389, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a061223

Yusuf, 1979, Effect of atenolol on recovery of the electrocardiographic signs of myocardial infarction, Lancet, 2, 868, 10.1016/S0140-6736(79)92685-0

Roland, 1979, Effect of beta-blockers on arrhythmias during six weeks after suspected myocardial infarction, Br Med J, 2, 518, 10.1136/bmj.2.6189.518

Sloman, 1967, Beta-adrenergic blockade and cardiac arrhymias, Br Med J, 4, 508, 10.1136/bmj.4.5578.508

Waagstein, 1975, Double-blind study of the effect of cardioselective beta-blockade on chest pain in acute myocardial infarction, Acta Med Scand, 587, 201

Evemy, 1978, Intravenous and oral practolol in the acute stages of myocardial infarction, Eur J Cardiol, 7, 391

Peter, 1978, Reduction of enzyme levels by propranolol after acute myocardial infarction, Circulation, 57, 1091, 10.1161/01.CIR.57.6.1091

Norris, 1978, Protective effect of propranolol in threatened myocardial infarction, Lancet, 2, 907, 10.1016/S0140-6736(78)91628-8

Macleod, 1980, Prophylactic selective beta blockade in acute myocardial infarction, 229

Lloyd, 1982, Intravenous sotalol in acute myocardial infarction, Circulation, 2–3, 983

Azancot, 1982, Effects of acebutolol on myocardial infarct extension: A randomized electrocardiographic, enzymatic and angiographic study, Circulation, 66, 986, 10.1161/01.CIR.66.5.986

von Essen, 1982, Wirkung van Metropolol auf die Infarktgrosse beim akuten myokardinfarkt: Doppelblindstudie, Dtsch Med Wochenschr, 107, 1267, 10.1055/s-2008-1070113

Nigam, 1983, Cardioprotection by beta-blockade in acute myocardial infarction, 616

Yusuf, 1983, Reduction in infarct size, arrhythmias, chest pain, and morbidity by early intravenous beta-blockade in suspected acute myocardial infarction, Circulation, 67, 32

Sleight, 1982, Early intravenous beta-blockade in myocardial infarction, Br J Clin Pharmacol, 14, 37S, 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1982.tb02057.x

1984, Mortality results from the timolol trials in various British hospitals

Flint, 1983, Early beta-blockade in acute myocardial infarction: Radionuclide study of infarct size and left ventricular function, Eur Heart J, 4, 14

1984, Reduction of infarct size with the early use of timolol in acute myocardial infarction, N Engl J Med, 310, 9, 10.1056/NEJM198401053100103

Federman, 1984

Heber, 1984

Norris, 1984, Prevention of ventricular fibrillation during acute myocardial infarction by intravenous propanolol, Lancet, 2, 883, 10.1016/S0140-6736(84)90651-2

Gupta, 1984, Effect of IV propranolol on the extent of myocardial ischaemic injury in patients with acute anterior myocardial infarction

Campbell, 1984

Roberts, 1984, Effect of propranolol on myocardial infarct size in a randomized blinded multicenter trial, N Engl J Med, 311, 218, 10.1056/NEJM198407263110403

1985, Metoprolol in Acute Myocardial Infarction (MIAMI). A randomised placebo controlled trial, Eur Hear J

Owensby, 1984, Failure of pindolol to alter determinants of myocardial oxygen requirements, enzyme release or clinical course in acute myocardial infarction, Circulation, 70, II 156

Ayerst Multicentre study of early intravenous propranolol; still recruiting (unpublished)

International Study of Infarct Survival (ISIS); Multicentre study of intravenous atenolol (unpublished)

Update of beta-blocker overview (letter). (unpublished)

Andersen, 1979, Effect of alprenolol on mortality among patients with definite or suspected acute myocardial infarction: Preminary results, Lancet, 2, 865, 10.1016/S0140-6736(79)92684-9

Jurgensen, 1981, Limitation of myocardial infarct size in patients less than 66 years treated with alprenolol, Br Heart J, 45, 583, 10.1136/hrt.45.5.583

McIlmoyle, 1981, Early intervention in myocardial ischaemia, Proc Br Cardiac Soc, 3

Boyle, 1983, Effect of very early intervention with metoprolol on myocardial infarct size, Br Heart J, 49, 229, 10.1136/hrt.49.3.229

Salathia, 1985, Very early intervention with metoprolol in suspected acute myocardial infarction, Eur Heart J, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a061844

Hjalmarson, 1981, Effect on mortality of metoprolol in acute myocardial infarction: A double-blind randomised trial, Lancet, 2, 823, 10.1016/S0140-6736(81)91101-6

Hjalmarson, 1983, The Göteborg metoprolol trial: Effects of mortality and morbidity in acute myocardial infarction, Circulation, 67, 26

Herlitz, 1982, Limitation of infaret size in acute myocardial infarction with metoprolol, Am J Cardiol, 49, 1004, 10.1016/0002-9149(82)92424-9

Herlitz, 1984, The Göteborg Metoprolol trial in acute myocardial infarction, Am J Cardiol, 53, 1D

Herlitz, 1984, Effect on long-term survival in a double-blind study with metoprolol in suspected acute myocardial infarction, Eur Heart J, 5, 239

Rydén, 1983, A double-blind trial of metoprolol in acute myocardial infarction: Effects on ventricular tachycardia, N Engl J Med, 308, 614, 10.1056/NEJM198303173081102

Reynolds, 1972, Effects of beta-adrenergic receptor blocker in myocardial infarction treated for one year from onset, Br Heart J, 34, 252, 10.1136/hrt.34.3.252

Wilhelmsson, 1974, Reduction of sudden deaths after myocardial infarction by treatment with alprenolol, Lancet, 92, 1157, 10.1016/S0140-6736(74)90807-1

Ahlmark, 1974, Reduction of sudden deaths after myocardial infarction, Lancet, 2, 1563, 10.1016/S0140-6736(74)90299-2

Multicentre International Study, 1977, Supplementary report: Reduction in mortality after myocardial infarction with long-term beta-adrenoreceptor blockade, Br Med J, 2, 419, 10.1136/bmj.2.6084.419

Baber, 1980, Multicentre post-infarction trial of propranolol in 49 hospitals in the United Kingdom, Italy and Yugoslavia, Br Heart J, 44, 96, 10.1136/hrt.44.1.96

Rehnqvist, 1980, Effect of metoprolol after acute myocardial infarction, Proc Eur Congr Cardiol, 16

1981, Timolol-induced reduction in mortality and reinfarction in patients surviving acute myocardial infarction, N Engl J Med, 304, 801, 10.1056/NEJM198104023041401

Gundersen, 1983, Influence of heart size on mortality and reinfarction in patients treated with timolol after myocardial infarction, Br Heart J, 50, 135, 10.1136/hrt.50.2.135

Pederson, 1983, A multicenter study on timolol in secondary prevention after myocardial infarction, Acta Med Scand, 674, 1

Taylor, 1982, A long-term prevention study with oxprenolol in coronary heart disease, N Engl J Med, 307, 1293, 10.1056/NEJM198211183072101

Hansteen, 1982, One year's treatment with propranolol after myocardial infarction: Preliminary report of Norwegian Multicentre Trial, Br Med J, 284, 155, 10.1136/bmj.284.6310.155

1982, A randomized trial of propranolol in patients with acute myocardial infarction: I. Mortality results, JAMA, 247, 1707, 10.1001/jama.1982.03320370021023

1983, A randomized trial of propranolol in patients with acute myocardial infarction: II. Morbidity results, JAMA, 250, 2814, 10.1001/jama.1983.03340200048027

Julian, 1982, Controlled trial of sotalol for one year after myocardial infarction, Lancet, 1, 1142, 10.1016/S0140-6736(82)92225-5

Australian and Swedish Pindolol Study Group The effect of Pindolol on the two years mortality after complicated myocardial infarction Eur Heart J 4

Manger Cats, 1983, Effect of treatment with 2×100 mg metoprolol on mortality in a single-center study with low placebo-mortality rate after infarction, Circulation, 68, 181

1984, A secondary prevention study with slow-release oxprenolol after myocardial infarction: Morbidity and mortality, Eur Heart J, 5, 189

Rehnqvist, 1983, Influence on ventricular arrhythmias by chronic post-infarction treatment with metoprolol, Circulation, 68, 369

Olsson, 1984, Metoprolol after acute myocardial infarction: Evaluation of beneficial mechanism and influence on sympathoadrenal function

Ciba-Geigy Lopressor Intervention Trial; long term study of oral metoprolol (unpublished)

Yusuf, 1981, Variability of electrocardiographic and enzyme evolution of myocardial infarction in man, Br Heart J, 45, 271, 10.1136/hrt.45.3.271

Adgey, 1982, Initiation of ventricular fibrillation outside hospital in patients with acute ischaemic heart disease, Br Heart J, 47, 55, 10.1136/hrt.47.1.55

Yusuf, 1980, Heart rate and ectopic prematurity in relation to sustanined ventricular arrhythmias, Br Heart J, 44, 233, 10.1136/hrt.44.3.233

Campbell, 1981, Ventricular arrhythmias in the first 12 hours of acute myocardial infarction: Natural history study, Br Heart J, 46, 351, 10.1136/hrt.46.4.351

Rutherford, 1976, Plasma propranolol concentration in patients with angina and acute myocardial infarction, Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol, 3, 297, 10.1111/j.1440-1681.1976.tb00606.x

Yusuf, 1980, Beta-adrenergic blockade in acute myocardial infarction

Ramsdale, 1982, Ischemic pain relief in patients with acute myocardial infarction by intravenous atenolol, Am Heart J, 103, 459, 10.1016/0002-8703(82)90330-1

Holland, 1977, Solid angle theory and the electrocardiogram: Physiologic and quantitative interpretations, Prog Cardiovasc Dis, 19, 430, 10.1016/0033-0620(77)90009-3

Roe, 1977, The relationship between enzymatic and histologic estimates of the extent of myocardial infarction in conscious dogs with permanent coronary occlusion, Circulation, 55, 438, 10.1161/01.CIR.55.3.438

Yusuf, 1980, Early intravenous atenolol treatment in suspected acute myocardial infarction, Lancet, 2, 273, 10.1016/S0140-6736(80)90231-7

Gold, 1976, Propranolol-induced reduction of signs of ischemic injury during acute myocardial infarction, Am J Cardiol, 38, 689, 10.1016/0002-9149(76)90344-1

Reid, 1976, Electrocardiographic surface mapping of the heart following myocardial infarction and the influence of beta-blockade, Postgrad Med J, 52, 135

Selwyn, 1978, Natural history and evaluation of Q waves during myocardial infarction, Br Heart J, 40, 383, 10.1136/hrt.40.4.383

Thompson, 1976, Acute myocardial infarction: Evaluation of ST segment mapping, Br Heart J, 38, 1020, 10.1136/hrt.38.10.1020

Norris, 1976, Failure of ST segment evaluation to predict severity of myocardial infarction, Br Heart J, 38, 85, 10.1136/hrt.38.1.85

Rossi, 1983, Reduction of ventricular arrhythmias by early intravenous atenolol in suspected acute myocardial infarction, Br Med J, 286, 506, 10.1136/bmj.286.6364.506

Boyle, 1980, Metoprolol and atropine in acute myocardial infarction, Ir Med J, 73, 477

Mueller, 1979, Propranolol during the evolution and subsequent 10 days of myocardial infarction in man: Hemodynamic, initial cardiac energetic and neuro-humoral responses, Clin Cardiol, 2, 393, 10.1002/clc.4960020602

Lehmann, 1981, The treatment of acute myocardial infarction with beta receptor blockers: 2. Hemodynamic effects of propranolol with and without combination with nitroglycerine, Z Kardiol, 70, 748

1982, Long-term and short-term beta-blockade after myocardial infarction, Lancet, 2, 1159

Johansson, 1980, A comparative study of cardioselective beta-blockade and diazepam in patients with acute myocardial infarction and tachycardia, Acta Med Scand, 207, 47, 10.1111/j.0954-6820.1980.tb09674.x

Golikov, 1983, Propranolol treatment for myocardial infarction patients with the hyperdynamic syndrome, Kardiologia, 23, 24

Davies, 1975, Prospective controlled trial of long-term propranolol on acute cononary events in patients with unstable coronary artery disease, Clin Pharmacol Ther, 17, 232

Peto, 1982, Statistical aspects of cancer trials

1981, 2, 539

Cruickshank, 1980, The clinical importance of cardio-selectivity and lipophilicity in betablockers, Am Heart J, 100, 160, 10.1016/0002-8703(80)90112-X

Furberg, 1982, Should every survivor of a heart attack be given a betablocker?, Br Med J, 285, 738, 10.1136/bmj.285.6343.738-b

Von der Lippe, 1981, Effect of timolol on late ventricular arrhythmias after acute myocardial infarction, in Symposium on acute and long-term management of myocardial ischaemia, Acta Med Scand, 651, 253, 10.1111/j.0954-6820.1981.tb03665.x

Cobb, 1981, Effect of propranolol on long-term survival in patients resuscitated from out of hospital ventricular fibrillation, Circulation, 64, 35

Yusuf, 1980, Improvement of electrocardiogram by chronic beta-adrenoceptor blockade during healing phase of clinical and experimental myocardial infarction, Br Heart J, 43, 99

Vaughan-Williams, 1977, Adaptation of the heart and sympathetic system to prolonged adrenoreceptor blockade, Proc R Soc Med, 70, 49

Campbell, 1981, Anti-platelet activity of beta-adrenergic antagonists: Inhibition of thromboxane synthesis and platelet aggregation in platelets receiving long-term propranol treatment, Lancet, 2, 1382, 10.1016/S0140-6736(81)92800-2

1980, 1, 1172

Peto, 1976, Design and analysis of randomized clinical trials requiring prolonged observation of each patient: 1. Introduction and design, Br J Cancer, 34, 585, 10.1038/bjc.1976.220

1980, Influence of adherence to treatment and response of cholesterol on mortality in the Coronary Drug Project, N Eng J Med, 18, 1038

Cox, 1972

Cox, 1984

Mazur, 1984, Prevention of sudden death by propanolol in post-infarction patients with advanced grades of ventricular extra systole, Eur Heart J, 5, 67