Beekeeper stewardship, colony loss, and Varroa destructor management

Anderson, D.L., and J.W.H. Trueman. 2000. Varroa jacobsoni (acari: Varroidae) is more than one species. Experimental and Applied Acarology 24: 165–189.

Beaurepaire, A.L., K.J. Krieger, and R.F.A. Moritz. 2017. Seasonal cycle of inbreeding and recombination of the parasitic mite Varroa destructor in honeybee colonies and its implications for the selection of acaricide resistance. Infection, Genetics and Evolution 50: 49–54.

Boncristiani, H., R. Underwood, R. Schwarz, J.D. Evans, J. Pettis, and D. vanEngelsdorp. 2012. Direct effect of acaricides on pathogen loads and gene expression levels in honey bees Apis mellifera. Journal of Insect Physiology 58: 613–620.

Brummel, R.F., and K.C. Nelson. 2014. Does multifunctionality matter to US farmers? Farmer motivations and conceptions of multifunctionality in dairy systems. Journal of Environmental Management 146: 451–462.

Dainat, B., J.D. Evans, Y.P. Chen, L. Gauthier, and P. Neumann. 2012. Dead or alive: Deformed wing virus and Varroa destructor reduce the life span of winter honeybees. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 78: 981–987.

Darnhofer, I., and P. Walder. 2014. Farmer types and motivation. In Encyclopedia of food and agricultural ethics, ed. P.B. Thompson and D.M. Kaplan, 710–715. Dordrecht: Springer.

Ellis, C. 2013. The symbiotic ideology: Stewardship, husbandry, and dominion in beef production. Rural Sociology 78: 429–449.

Frey, E., and P. Rosenkranz. 2014. Autumn invasion rates of Varroa destructor (mesostigmata: Varroidae) into honey bee (hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies and the resulting increase in mite populations. Journal of Economic Entomology 107: 508–515.

Gallai, N., J.-M. Salles, J. Settele, and B.E. Vaissière. 2009. Economic valuation of the vulnerability of world agriculture confronted with pollinator decline. Ecological Economics 68: 810–821.

Garforth, C. 2015. Livestock keepers’ reasons for doing and not doing things which governments, vets and scientists would like them to do. Zoonoses and Public Health 62: 29–38.

Ghazoul, J. 2005. Buzziness as usual? Questioning the global pollination crisis. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 20: 367–373.

Goulson, D., E. Nicholls, C. Botías, and E.L. Rotheray. 2015. Bee declines driven by combined stress from parasites, pesticides, and lack of flowers. Science 347: 1255957.

Guzmán-Novoa, E., L. Eccles, Y. Calvete, J. Mcgowan, P.G. Kelly, and A. Correa-Benítez. 2010. Varroa destructor is the main culprit for the death and reduced populations of overwintered honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies in Ontario, Canada. Apidologie 41: 443–450.

Iwasaki, J.M., B.I.P. Barratt, J.M. Lord, A.R. Mercer, and K.J.M. Dickinson. 2015. The New Zealand experience of varroa invasion highlights research opportunities for Australia. Ambio 44: 694–704.

Kulhanek, K., N. Steinhauer, K. Rennich, D.M. Caron, R.R. Sagili, J.S. Pettis, J.D. Ellis, M.E. Wilson, et al. 2017. A national survey of managed honey bee 2015–2016 annual colony losses in the USA. Journal of Apicultural Research 56: 328–340.

Le Conte, Y., M. Ellis, and W. Ritter. 2010. Varroa mites and honey bee health: Can Varroa explain part of the colony losses? Apidologie 41: 353–363.

Leopold, A. 1949. A Sand County almanac, and sketches here and there. New York: Oxford University Press.

Lorenz, S. 2016. The endangerment of bees and new developments in beekeeping: A social science perspective using the example of Germany. International Journal of Environmental Studies 73: 988–1005.

Maderson, S., and S. Wynne-Jones. 2016. Beekeepers’ knowledges and participation in pollinator conservation policy. Journal of Rural Studies 45: 88–98.

Mathevet, R., F. Bousquet, and C.M. Raymond. 2018. The concept of stewardship in sustainability science and conservation biology. Biological Conservation 217: 363–370.

Morse, R.A., and N.W. Calderone. 2000. The value of honey bees as pollinators of U.S. Crops in 2000. Bee Culture 128: 2–15.

Mullin, C.A., M. Frazier, J.L. Frazier, S. Ashcraft, R. Simonds, D. vanEngelsdorp, and J.S. Pettis. 2010. High levels of miticides and agrochemicals in North American apiaries: Implications for honey bee health. PLOS ONE 5: e9754.

Naug, D. 2009. Nutritional stress due to habitat loss may explain recent honeybee colony collapses. Biological Conservation 142: 2369–2372.

Nordhaus, H. 2010. The beekeeper’s lament: How one man and half a billion honey bees help feed America. New York: Harper Perennial.

Pettis, J.S., and K.S. Delaplane. 2010. Coordinated responses to honey bee decline in the USA. Apidologie 41: 256–263.

Piso, Z., I. Werkheiser, S. Noll, and C. Leshko. 2016. Sustainability of what? Recognising the diverse values that sustainable agriculture works to sustain. Environmental Values 25: 195–214.

Potts, S.G., S.P.M. Roberts, R. Dean, G. Marris, M.A. Brown, R. Jones, P. Neumann, and J. Settele. 2010. Declines of managed honey bees and beekeepers in Europe. Journal of Apicultural Research 49: 15–22.

Raymond, C.M., C. Bieling, N. Fagerholm, B. Martin-Lopez, and T. Plieninger. 2016. The farmer as a landscape steward: Comparing local understandings of landscape stewardship, landscape values, and land management actions. Ambio 45: 173–184.

Rinkevich, F., R. Danka, and K. Healy. 2017. Influence of Varroa mite (Varroa destructor) management practices on insecticide sensitivity in the honey bee (Apis mellifera). Insects 8: 9.

Rosenkranz, P., P. Aumeier, and B. Ziegelmann. 2010. Biology and control of Varroa destructor. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 103: S96–S119.

Ryabov, E.V., A.K. Childers, Y. Chen, S. Madella, A. Nessa, D. vanEngelsdorp, and J.D. Evans. 2017. Recent spread of Varroa destructor virus-1, a honey bee pathogen, in the United States. Scientific Reports 7: 17447.

Spivak, M. S., Z. Browning, M. Goblirsch, K. Lee, C. R. Otto, M. Smart and J. Wu-Smart. 2017. Why does bee health matter? The science surrounding honey bee health concerns and what we can do about it. 1-16.

Spivak, M., and M. Gilliam. 1998. Hygienic behaviour of honey bees and its application for control of brood diseases and varroa. Bee World 79: 124–134.

Spivak, M., E. Mader, M. Vaughan, and N.H. Euliss. 2011. The plight of the bees. Environmental Science and Technology 45: 34–38.

Steinhauer, N., K. Kulhanek, K. Antúnez, H. Human, P. Chantawannakul, M.P. Chauzat, and D. vanEngelsdorp. 2018. Drivers of colony losses. Current Opinion in Insect Science 26: 142–148.

Suryanarayanan, S. 2015. Pesticides and pollinators: A context-sensitive policy approach. Current Opinion in Insect Science 10: 149–155.

Suryanarayanan, S., and D.L. Kleinman. 2017. Vanishing bees: Science, politics, and honeybee health. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.

vanEngelsdorp, D., and M.D. Meixner. 2010. A historical review of managed honey bee populations in Europe and the United States and the factors that may affect them. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 103: S80–S95.

vanEngelsdorp, D., R. Underwood, D. Caron, and J. Hayes. 2007. An estimate of managed colony losses in the winter of 2006–2007: A report commissioned by the Apiary Inspectors of America. American Bee Journal 147: 599–603.

vanEngelsdorp, D., D. Caron, J. Hayes, R. Underwood, M. Henson, K. Rennich, A. Spleen, M. Andree, et al. 2012. A national survey of managed honey bee 2010–2011 winter colony losses in the USA: Results from the bee informed partnership. Journal of Apicultural Research 51: 115–124.

Worrell, R., and M.C. Appleby. 2000. Stewardship of natural resources: Definition, ethical and practical aspects. Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 12: 263–277.