Danh từ trần, sự kết hợp và các loại sự kiện trong tiếng Trung Quốc quan thoại

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 31 - Trang 221-263 - 2022
Qiongpeng Luo1
1School of Liberal Arts, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

Tóm tắt

Bài viết này khơi gợi và phát triển một phân tích kết hợp cho các cấu trúc kết hợp danh từ trần (BNI) trong tiếng Trung Quốc quan thoại. Các cấu trúc BNI trong tiếng Trung, dưới dạng hợp chất V-O, thể hiện một tập hợp các đặc điểm (ví dụ: phải có phạm vi hẹp, ý nghĩa được thể chế hóa, khả năng diễn đạt giảm, sửa đổi bị hạn chế của các danh từ kết hợp, v.v.) thường liên quan đến các cấu trúc (giả) kết hợp trong các ngôn ngữ khác. Tuy nhiên, khác với các cấu trúc (giả) kết hợp đã được chứng minh khác, chủ yếu mang tính chất động từ, các cấu trúc BNI có thể được sử dụng tự do như các đối số, giống như các biểu thức danh từ hóa. Kết hợp những hiểu biết phân tích từ cả những tiến bộ trong lý thuyết về các loại (Chierchia trong Nat Lang Semant 6: 339–405, 1998; Gehrke trong Nat Lang Linguist Theory 33: 897–938, 2015) và trong lý thuyết về sự kết hợp (Dayal trong Nat Lang Linguist Theory 29: 123–167, 2011; Schwarzs trong Weak referentiality, John Benjamins, 2014), bài viết đề xuất một phân tích dựa trên loại sự kiện bằng cách coi các cấu trúc BNI là các biểu thức về các loại theo kiểu Chierchia trong lĩnh vực các sự kiện, nơi mà các đối số (mẫu chuẩn) chủ đề hiện thực của các bổ ngữ danh từ trần hình thành một phần của các loại sự kiện thay vì đóng vai trò như các đối số ngữ nghĩa độc lập cho các động từ. Mở rộng khái niệm về các loại từ lĩnh vực cá nhân sang lĩnh vực sự kiện không chỉ cung cấp một lý do hợp lý cho các thuộc tính nghịch lý của các cấu trúc BNI mà còn kết nối hai dòng nghiên cứu trước đây được nghĩ là độc lập với nhau, cụ thể là ngữ nghĩa về các loại, thường bị hạn chế trong lĩnh vực cá nhân và ngữ nghĩa về sự kiện, thường bị hạn chế trong các biểu thức động từ chuẩn.

Từ khóa


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