Balancing cell adhesion and Wnt signaling, the key role of β-catenin

Nusslein-Volhard, 1980, Mutations affecting segment number and polarity in Drosophila, Nature, 287, 795, 10.1038/287795a0 De Robertis, 2000, The establishment of Spemann's organizer and patterning of the vertebrate embryo, Nat Rev Genet, 1, 171, 10.1038/35042039 Logan, 2004, The Wnt signaling pathway in development and disease, Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol, 20, 781, 10.1146/annurev.cellbio.20.010403.113126 Vogelstein, 2004, Cancer genes and the pathways they control, Nat Med, 10, 789, 10.1038/nm1087 Huelsken, 2001, New aspects of Wnt signaling pathways in higher vertebrates, Curr Opin Genet Dev, 11, 547, 10.1016/S0959-437X(00)00231-8 Yamaguchi, 2001, Heads or tails: Wnts and anterior-posterior patterning, Curr Biol, 11, R713, 10.1016/S0960-9822(01)00417-1 Moon, 2002, The promise and perils of Wnt signaling through β-catenin, Science, 296, 1644, 10.1126/science.1071549 Jürgens, 1984, Mutations affecting the pattern of the larval cuticle in Drosophila melanogaster. II. Zygotic Loci on the third chromosome, Roux Arch DevBiol, 193, 283, 10.1007/BF00848157 Cowin, 1986, Plakoglobin: a protein common to different kinds of intercellular adhering junctions, Cell, 46, 1063, 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90706-3 Ozawa, 1989, The cytoplasmic domain of the cell adhesion molecule uvomorulin associates with three independent proteins structurally related in different species, EMBO J, 8, 1711, 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1989.tb03563.x McCrea, 1991, A homolog of the armadillo protein in Drosophila (plakoglobin) associated with E-cadherin, Science, 254, 1359, 10.1126/science.1962194 Kemler, 1993, From cadherins to catenins: cytoplasmic protein interactions and regulation of cell adhesion, Trends Genet, 9, 317, 10.1016/0168-9525(93)90250-L Takeichi, 1995, Morphogenetic roles of classic cadherins, Curr Opin Cell Biol, 7, 619, 10.1016/0955-0674(95)80102-2 Drees, 2005, α-Catenin is a molecular switch that binds E-cadherin–β-catenin and regulates actin-filament assembly, Cell, 123, 903, 10.1016/j.cell.2005.09.021 Yamada, 2005, Deconstructing the cadherin-catenin-actin Complex, Cell, 123, 889, 10.1016/j.cell.2005.09.020 Behrens, 1996, Functional interaction of β-catenin with the transcription factor LEF-1, Nature, 382, 638, 10.1038/382638a0 Huber, 1996, Nuclear localization of β-catenin by interaction with transcription factor LEF-1, Mech Dev, 59, 3, 10.1016/0925-4773(96)00597-7 Molenaar, 1996, XTcf-3 transcription factor mediates β-catenin-induced axis formation in Xenopus embryos, Cell, 86, 391, 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80112-9 Tetsu, 1999, β-catenin regulates expression of cyclin D1 in colon carcinoma cells, Nature, 398, 422, 10.1038/18884 Cottrell, 1992, Molecular analysis of APC mutations in familial adenomatous polyposis and sporadic colon carcinomas, Lancet, 340, 626, 10.1016/0140-6736(92)92169-G Powell, 1992, APC mutations occur early during colorectal tumorigenesis, Nature, 359, 235, 10.1038/359235a0 Morin, 1997, Activation of β-catenin-Tcf signaling in colon cancer by mutations in β-catenin or APC, Science, 275, 1787, 10.1126/science.275.5307.1787 Polakis, 2000, Wnt signaling and cancer, Genes Dev, 14, 1837, 10.1101/gad.14.15.1837 Bienz, 2000, Linking colorectal cancer to Wnt signaling, Cell, 103, 311, 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)00122-7 Munemitsu, 1995, Regulation of intracellular β-catenin levels by the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) tumor-suppressor protein, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 92, 3046, 10.1073/pnas.92.7.3046 Laurent-Puig, 1998, APC gene: database of germline and somatic mutations in human tumors and cell lines, Nucleic Acids Res, 26, 269, 10.1093/nar/26.1.269 Liu, 2000, Mutations in AXIN2 cause colorectal cancer with defective mismatch repair by activating β-catenin/TCF signalling, Nat Genet, 26, 146, 10.1038/79859 Satoh, 2000, AXIN1 mutations in hepatocellular carcinomas, and growth suppression in cancer cells by virus-mediated transfer of AXIN1, Nat Genet, 24, 245, 10.1038/73448 Jin, 2003, Detection of point mutations of the Axin1 gene in colorectal cancers, Int J Cancer, 107, 696, 10.1002/ijc.11435 Rubinfeld, 1997, Stabilization of β-catenin by genetic defects in melanoma cell lines, Science, 275, 1790, 10.1126/science.275.5307.1790 Legoix, 1999, β-catenin mutations in hepatocellular carcinoma correlate with a low rate of loss of heterozygosity, Oncogene, 18, 4044, 10.1038/sj.onc.1202800 Samowitz, 1999, β-catenin mutations are more frequent in small colorectal adenomas than in larger adenomas and invasive carcinomas, Cancer Res, 59, 1442 Vogelstein, 1993, The multistep nature of cancer, Trends Genet, 9, 138, 10.1016/0168-9525(93)90209-Z Fodde, 2001, APC, signal transduction and genetic instability in colorectal cancer, Nat Rev Cancer, 1, 55, 10.1038/35094067 Brabletz, 2001, Variable β-catenin expression in colorectal cancers indicates tumor progression driven by the tumor environment, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 98, 10356, 10.1073/pnas.171610498 Hay, 1995, An overview of epithelio-mesenchymal transformation, Acta Anat (Basel), 154, 8, 10.1159/000147748 Thiery, 2002, Epithelial–mesenchymal transitions in tumour progression, Nat Rev Cancer, 2, 442, 10.1038/nrc822 Birchmeier, 2003, Met, metastasis, motility and more, Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol, 4, 915, 10.1038/nrm1261 Behrens, 1989, Dissecting tumor cell invasion: epithelial cells acquire invasive properties after the loss of uvomorulin-mediated cell–cell adhesion, J Cell Biol, 108, 2435, 10.1083/jcb.108.6.2435 Vleminckx, 1991, Genetic manipulation of E-cadherin expression by epithelial tumor cells reveals an invasion suppressor role, Cell, 66, 107, 10.1016/0092-8674(91)90143-M Behrens, 1993, Loss of epithelial differentiation and gain of invasiveness correlates with tyrosine phosphorylation of the E-cadherin/β-catenin complex in cells transformed with a temperature-sensitive v-SRC gene, J Cell Biol, 120, 757, 10.1083/jcb.120.3.757 Perl, 1998, A causal role for E-cadherin in the transition from adenoma to carcinoma, Nature, 392, 190, 10.1038/32433 Roura, 1999, Regulation of E-cadherin/Catenin association by tyrosine phosphorylation, J Biol Chem, 274, 36734, 10.1074/jbc.274.51.36734 Fujita, 2002, Hakai, a c-Cbl-like protein, ubiquitinates and induces endocytosis of the E-cadherin complex, Nat Cell Biol, 4, 222, 10.1038/ncb758 Piedra, 2003, p120 Catenin-associated Fer and Fyn tyrosine kinases regulate β-catenin Tyr-142 phosphorylation and β-catenin-α-catenin Interaction, Mol Cell Biol, 23, 2287, 10.1128/MCB.23.7.2287-2297.2003 Lilien, 2005, The regulation of cadherin-mediated adhesion by tyrosine phosphorylation/dephosphorylation of β-catenin, Curr Opin Cell Biol, 17, 459, 10.1016/j.ceb.2005.08.009 Graveel, 2004, Activating Met mutations produce unique tumor profiles in mice with selective duplication of the mutant allele, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 101, 17198, 10.1073/pnas.0407651101 Wang, 2004, Mutational analysis of the tyrosine phosphatome in colorectal cancers, Science, 304, 1164, 10.1126/science.1096096 Orsulic, 1999, E-cadherin binding prevents β-catenin nuclear localization and β-catenin/LEF-1-mediated transactivation, J Cell Sci, 112, 1237, 10.1242/jcs.112.8.1237 Stockinger, 2001, E-cadherin regulates cell growth by modulating proliferation-dependent β-catenin transcriptional activity, J Cell Biol, 154, 1185, 10.1083/jcb.200104036 Gottardi, 2001, E-cadherin suppresses cellular transformation by inhibiting β-catenin signaling in an adhesion-independent manner, J Cell Biol, 153, 1049, 10.1083/jcb.153.5.1049 Behrens, 1998, Functional interaction of an axin homolog, conductin, with β-catenin, APC, and GSK3β, Science, 280, 596, 10.1126/science.280.5363.596 Kishida, 1998, Axin, a negative regulator of the wnt signaling pathway, directly interacts with adenomatous polyposis coli and regulates the stabilization of β-catenin, J Biol Chem, 273, 10823, 10.1074/jbc.273.18.10823 Liu, 2002, Control of β-catenin phosphorylation/degradation by a dual-kinase mechanism, Cell, 108, 837, 10.1016/S0092-8674(02)00685-2 Schwarz-Romond, 2002, The ankyrin repeat protein Diversin recruits Casein kinase Iepsilon to the β-catenin degradation complex and acts in both canonical Wnt and Wnt/JNK signaling, Genes Dev, 16, 2073, 10.1101/gad.230402 Hsu, 1998, Modulation of transcriptional regulation by LEF-1 in response to Wnt-1 signaling and association with β-catenin, Mol Cell Biol, 18, 4807, 10.1128/MCB.18.8.4807 Hecht, 2000, Curbing the nuclear activities of β-catenin. Control over Wnt target gene expression, EMBO Rep, 1, 24, 10.1093/embo-reports/kvd012 Hecht, 1999, Functional characterization of multiple transactivating elements in β-catenin, some of which interact with the TATA-binding protein in vitro, J Biol Chem, 274, 18017, 10.1074/jbc.274.25.18017 Hecht, 2000, The p300/CBP acetyltransferases function as transcriptional coactivators of β-catenin in vertebrates, EMBO J, 19, 1839, 10.1093/emboj/19.8.1839 Sun, 2000, Regulation of β -catenin transformation by the p300 transcriptional coactivator, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 97, 12613, 10.1073/pnas.220158597 Takemaru, 2000, The transcriptional coactivator CBP interacts with β-catenin to activate gene expression, J Cell Biol, 149, 249, 10.1083/jcb.149.2.249 Barker, 2001, The chromatin remodelling factor Brg-1 interacts with β-catenin to promote target gene activation, EMBO J, 20, 4935, 10.1093/emboj/20.17.4935 Bauer, 2000, Pontin52 and reptin52 function as antagonistic regulators of β-catenin signalling activity, EMBO J, 19, 6121, 10.1093/emboj/19.22.6121 Etard, 2000, Expression of Xenopus homologs of the β-catenin binding protein pontin52, Mech Dev, 94, 219, 10.1016/S0925-4773(00)00305-1 Bellosta, 2005, Myc interacts genetically with Tip48/Reptin and Tip49/Pontin to control growth and proliferation during Drosophila development, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 102, 11799, 10.1073/pnas.0408945102 Etard, 2005, Pontin and Reptin regulate cell proliferation in early Xenopus embryos in collaboration with c-Myc and Miz-1, Mech Dev, 122, 545, 10.1016/j.mod.2004.11.010 Park, 2005, Kaiso/p120-catenin and TCF/β-catenin complexes coordinately regulate canonical Wnt gene targets, Dev Cell, 8, 843, 10.1016/j.devcel.2005.04.010 Spring, 2005, The catenin p120ctn inhibits Kaiso-mediated transcriptional repression of the β-catenin/TCF target gene matrilysin, Exp Cell Res, 305, 253, 10.1016/j.yexcr.2005.01.007 Waltzer, 1998, Drosophila CBP represses the transcription factor TCF to antagonize Wingless signalling, Nature, 395, 521, 10.1038/26785 Aberle, 1996, Single amino acid substitutions in proteins of the armadillo gene family abolish their binding to α-catenin, J Biol Chem, 271, 1520, 10.1074/jbc.271.3.1520 Pokutta, 2000, Structure of the dimerization and β-catenin-binding region of α-catenin, Mol Cell, 5, 533, 10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80447-5 Piedra, 2001, Regulation of β-catenin structure and activity by tyrosine phosphorylation, J Biol Chem, 276, 20436, 10.1074/jbc.M100194200 Korswagen, 2000, Distinct β-catenins mediate adhesion and signalling functions in C. elegans, Nature, 406, 527, 10.1038/35020099 Castano, 2002, β-catenin N- and C-terminal tails modulate the coordinated binding of adherens junction proteins to β-catenin, J Biol Chem, 277, 31541, 10.1074/jbc.M204376200 Graham, 2000, Crystal structure of a β-catenin/Tcf complex, Cell, 103, 885, 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)00192-6 von Kries, 2000, Hot spots in β-catenin for interactions with LEF-1, conductin and APC, Nat Struct Biol, 7, 800, 10.1038/79039 Huber, 2001, The structure of the β-catenin/E-cadherin complex and the molecular basis of diverse ligand recognition by β-catenin, Cell, 105, 391, 10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00330-0 Brembeck, 2004, Essential role of BCL9-2 in the switch between β-catenin's adhesive and transcriptional functions, Genes Dev, 18, 2225, 10.1101/gad.317604 Xu, 2004, Continuous association of cadherin with β-catenin requires the non-receptor tyrosine-kinase Fer, J Cell Sci, 117, 3207, 10.1242/jcs.01174 Kramps, 2002, Wnt/wingless signaling requires BCL9/legless-mediated recruitment of pygopus to the nuclear β-catenin-TCF complex, Cell, 109, 47, 10.1016/S0092-8674(02)00679-7 Belenkaya, 2002, pygopus Encodes a nuclear protein essential for wingless/Wnt signaling, Development, 129, 4089, 10.1242/dev.129.17.4089 Parker, 2002, Pygopus, a nuclear PHD-finger protein required for Wingless signaling in Drosophila, Development, 129, 2565, 10.1242/dev.129.11.2565 Thompson, 2002, A new nuclear component of the Wnt signalling pathway, Nat Cell Biol, 4, 367, 10.1038/ncb786 Thompson, 2004, A complex of Armadillo, Legless, and Pygopus coactivates dTCF to activate wingless target genes, Curr Biol, 14, 458, 10.1016/j.cub.2004.02.026 Hoffmans, 2004, Identification and in vivo role of the Armadillo-Legless interaction, Development, 131, 4393, 10.1242/dev.01296 Townsley, 2004, Pygopus and Legless target Armadillo/β-catenin to the nucleus to enable its transcriptional co-activator function, Nat Cell Biol, 6, 626, 10.1038/ncb1141 Townsley, 2004, Pygopus residues required for its binding to Legless are critical for transcription and development, J Biol Chem, 279, 5177, 10.1074/jbc.M309722200 Hoffmans, 2005, Pygopus and legless provide essential transcriptional coactivator functions to armadillo/β-catenin, Curr Biol, 15, 1207, 10.1016/j.cub.2005.05.054 Stadeli, 2005, Dissecting nuclear Wingless signalling: Recruitment of the transcriptional co-activator Pygopus by a chain of adaptor proteins, Mech Dev, 122, 1171, 10.1016/j.mod.2005.07.004 Brembeck, 2003, BCL9-2, the homolog of BCL9/legless, is an essential component of the nuclear β-catenin/Lef-Tcf complex and acts in the Wnt signaling pathway in vivo, Workshop on Wnt Genes and Wnt Signalling, Instituto Juan March, Madrid (Spain), 151, 14 Melchior, 2000, SUMO–nonclassical ubiquitin, Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol, 16, 591, 10.1146/annurev.cellbio.16.1.591 Kelly, 2000, Maternally controlled β-catenin-mediated signaling is required for organizer formation in the zebrafish, Development, 127, 3899, 10.1242/dev.127.18.3899 Adachi, 2004, Role of a BCL9-related β-catenin-binding protein, B9L, in tumorigenesis induced by aberrant activation of Wnt signaling, Cancer Res, 64, 8496, 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-2254 Rowley, 2001, Chromosome translocations: dangerous liaisons revisited, Nat Rev Cancer, 1, 245, 10.1038/35106108 Kuppers, 2005, Mechanisms of B-cell lymphoma pathogenesis, Nat Rev Cancer, 5, 251, 10.1038/nrc1589 Willis, 1998, Molecular cloning of translocation t(1;14)(q21;q32) defines a novel gene (BCL9) at chromosome 1q21, Blood, 91, 1873, 10.1182/blood.V91.6.1873 Le Baccon, 2001, Novel evidence of a role for chromosome 1 pericentric heterochromatin in the pathogenesis of B-cell lymphoma and multiple myeloma, Genes Chromosomes Cancer, 32, 250, 10.1002/gcc.1189 Itoyama, 2002, Molecular cytogenetic analysis of genomic instability at the 1q12-22 chromosomal site in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Genes Chromosomes Cancer, 35, 318, 10.1002/gcc.10120 Lestou, 2003, Characterization of the recurrent translocation t(1;1)(p36.3;q21.1-2) in non-Hodgkin lymphoma by multicolor banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis, Genes Chromosomes Cancer, 36, 375, 10.1002/gcc.10181 Rowley, 1993, Rearrangements involving chromosome band 11Q23 in acute leukaemia, Semin Cancer Biol, 4, 377 Guo, 1999, Allelic deletion at 11q23 is common in MYCN single copy neuroblastomas, Oncogene, 18, 4948, 10.1038/sj.onc.1202887 Knosel, 2002, Incidence of chromosomal imbalances in advanced colorectal carcinomas and their metastases, Virchows Arch, 440, 187, 10.1007/s004280100493 Gottardi, 2004, Distinct molecular forms of β-catenin are targeted to adhesive or transcriptional complexes, J Cell Biol, 167, 339, 10.1083/jcb.200402153 Ohsugi, 1999, β-catenin is a major tyrosine-phosphorylated protein during mouse oocyte maturation and preimplantation development, Dev Dyn, 216, 168, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0177(199910)216:2<168::AID-DVDY7>3.0.CO;2-R Saha, 2001, A phosphatase associated with metastasis of colorectal cancer, Science, 294, 1343, 10.1126/science.1065817 Fearon, 1990, A genetic model for colorectal tumorigenesis, Cell, 61, 759, 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90186-I