Back pain: Prevention and management in the workplace

Balasgué, 2012, Non-specific low back pain, Lancet, 379, 482, 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60610-7 Niemelainen, 2006, Prevalence and characteristics of upper or mid-back pain in Finnish men, Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 31, 1846, 10.1097/01.brs.0000226022.05420.1f Verbeek JH, Schaafsma FG. Occupational back pain. In: Baxter PJ, ed. Hunter's diseases of occupations, 10th ed.. Hodder Education, an Hachette UK Company. ©2010 [Hodder & Stoughton Limited]. Picavet, 2008, Utilization of health resources due to low back pain: survey and registered data compared, Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 33, 436, 10.1097/BRS.0b013e318163e054 van Dieën, 2009, Work-related low-back pain: biomechanical factors and primary prevention, 359 Axén, 2013, Trajectories of low back pain, Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol, 27, 601, 10.1016/j.berh.2013.10.004 Pellisé, 2009, Prevalence of low back pain and its effect on health-related quality of life in adolescents, Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, 163, 65, 10.1001/archpediatrics.2008.512 Pransky, 2010, Contemporary low back pain research - and implications for practice, Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol, 24, 291, 10.1016/j.berh.2010.01.001 Costa-Black, 2010, Back pain and work, Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol, 24, 227, 10.1016/j.berh.2009.11.007 Anema, 2008, Medically certified sickness absence, Br Med J, 337, 825, 10.1136/bmj.a1174 Hoy, 2010, The epidemiology of low back pain, Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol, 24, 769, 10.1016/j.berh.2010.10.002 Hoy, 2014, The global burden of low back pain: estimates from the global Burden of disease 2010 study, Ann Rheum Dis, 73, 968, 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-204428 Ozguler, 2000, Individual and occupational determinants of low back pain according to various definitions of low back pain, J Epidemiol Community Health, 54, 215, 10.1136/jech.54.3.215 de Vet, 2002, Episodes of low back pain: a proposal for uniform definitions to be used in research, Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 27, 2409, 10.1097/00007632-200211010-00016 Wynne-Jones, 2014, Absence from work and return to work in people with back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Occup Environ Med, 71, 448, 10.1136/oemed-2013-101571 Dagenais, 2008, A systematic review of low back pain cost of illness studies in the United States and internationally, Spine J, 8, 8, 10.1016/j.spinee.2007.10.005 Schandelmaier, 2012, Return to work coordination programmes for work disability: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials, PLoS One, 7, e49760, 10.1371/journal.pone.0049760 Stigmar, 2013, Promoting work ability in a structured national rehabilitation program in patients with musculoskeletal disorders: outcomes and predictors in a prospective cohort study, BMC Musculoskelet Disord, 14, 57, 10.1186/1471-2474-14-57 Schofield, 2012, The impact of back problems on retirement wealth, Pain, 153, 203, 10.1016/j.pain.2011.10.018 Lambeek, 2011, The trend in total cost of back pain in The Netherlands in the period 2002 to 2007, Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 36, 1050, 10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181e70488 Srinivas, 2012, Application of “less is more” to low back pain, Arch Intern Med, 172, 1016, 10.1001/archinternmed.2012.1838 Lambeek, 2010, Randomised controlled trial of integrated care to reduce disability from chronic low back pain in working and private life, BMJ, 340, c1035, 10.1136/bmj.c1035 Livshits, 2011, Lumbar disc degeneration and genetic factors are the main risk factors for low back pain in women: the UK twin spine Study, Ann Rheum Dis, 70, 1740, 10.1136/ard.2010.137836 Battié, 2007, Heritability of low back pain and the role of disc degeneration, Pain, 131, 272, 10.1016/j.pain.2007.01.010 Punnett, 2005, Estimating the global burden of low back pain attributable to combined occupational exposures, Am J Ind Med, 48, 459, 10.1002/ajim.20232 Hoogendoorn, 1999, Physical load during work and leisure time as risk factors for back pain, Scand J Work Environ Health, 25, 387, 10.5271/sjweh.451 Coenen, 2014, The effect of lifting during work on low back pain: a health impact assessment based on a meta-analysis, Occup Environ Med, 71, 871, 10.1136/oemed-2014-102346 Kwon, 2011, Systematic review: occupational physical activity and low back pain, Occup Med (Lond), 61, 541, 10.1093/occmed/kqr092 Kuijer, 2011, Low back pain: we cannot afford ignoring work [Letter to the Editor], Spine J, 11, 164, 10.1016/j.spinee.2010.10.016 van Dieën, 2012, Non-specific low back pain, Lancet, 379, 1874, 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60803-4 Roffey, 2010, Causal assessment of occupational standing or walking and low back pain: results of a systematic review, Spine J, 10, 262, 10.1016/j.spinee.2009.12.023 Hartvigsen, 2000, Is sitting-while-at-work associated with low back pain? A systematic, critical literature review, Scand J Public Health, 28, 230 Hoogendoorn, 2000, Systematic review of psychosocial factors at work and private life as risk factors for back pain, Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 25, 2114, 10.1097/00007632-200008150-00017 Hartvigsen, 2004, Psychosocial factors at work in relation to low back pain and consequences of low back pain; a systematic, critical review of prospective cohort studies, Occup Environ Med, 61, e2 Burdorf, 1997, Positive and negative evidence of risk factors for back disorders, Scand J Work Environ Health, 23, 243, 10.5271/sjweh.217 Bernard, 1997 Linton, 2000, A review of psychological risk factors in back and neck pain, Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 25, 1148, 10.1097/00007632-200005010-00017 Campbell, 2013, The influence of employment social support for risk and prognosis in nonspecific back pain: a systematic review and critical synthesis, Int Arch Occup Environ Health, 86, 119, 10.1007/s00420-012-0804-2 Waters, 1993, Revised NIOSH equation for the design and evaluation of manual lifting tasks, Ergonomics, 36, 749, 10.1080/00140139308967940 Kuijer, 2014, An evidence-based multidisciplinary practice guideline to reduce the workload due to lifting for preventing work-related low back pain, Ann Occup Environ Med, 26, 16, 10.1186/2052-4374-26-16 Hulshof, 2006, Evaluation of an occupational health intervention programme on whole-body vibration in forklift truck drivers: a controlled trial, Occup Environ Med, 63, 461, 10.1136/oem.2005.020032 Tiemessen, 2009, Effectiveness of an occupational health intervention program to reduce whole body vibration exposure: an evaluation study with a controlled pretest-post-test design, Am J Ind Med, 52, 943, 10.1002/ajim.20769 Driessen, 2010, The effectiveness of physical and organisational ergonomic interventions on low back pain and neck pain: a systematic review, Occup Environ Med, 67, 277, 10.1136/oem.2009.047548 Rivilis, 2008, Effectiveness of participatory ergonomic interventions on health outcomes: a systematic review, Appl Ergon, 39, 342, 10.1016/j.apergo.2007.08.006 van Eerd, 2010, Process and implementation of participatory ergonomic interventions: a systematic review, Ergonomics, 53, 1153, 10.1080/00140139.2010.513452 Driessen, 2010, Process evaluation of a participatory ergonomics programme to prevent low back pain and neck pain among workers, Implement Sci, 5, 65, 10.1186/1748-5908-5-65 Driessen, 2011, Participatory ergonomics to reduce exposure to psychosocial and physical risk factors for low back pain and neck pain: results of a cluster randomised controlled trial, Occup Environ Med, 68, 674, 10.1136/oem.2010.056739 Pehkonen, 2009, Evaluation of a participatory ergonomic intervention process in kitchen work, Appl Ergon, 40, 115, 10.1016/j.apergo.2008.01.006 Haukka, 2008, A randomised controlled trial on whether a participatory ergonomics intervention could prevent musculoskeletal disorders, Occup Environ Med, 65, 849, 10.1136/oem.2007.034579 Bigos, 2009, High-quality controlled trials on preventing episodes of back problems: systematic literature review in working-age adults, Spine J, 9, 147, 10.1016/j.spinee.2008.11.001 Bell, 2009, Exercise for the primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of low back pain in the workplace: a systematic review, J Occup Rehabil, 19, 8, 10.1007/s10926-009-9164-5 Verbeek, 2011, Manual material handling advice and assistive devices for preventing and treating back pain in workers, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 10.1002/14651858.CD005958.pub3 Burdorf, 2013, Assessment of the impact of lifting device use on low back pain and musculoskeletal injury claims among nurses, Occup Environ Med, 70, 491, 10.1136/oemed-2012-101210 Mahmud, 2010, Pre-employment examinations for preventing occupational injury and disease in workers, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 10.1002/14651858.CD008881 Martimo, 2008, Effect of training and lifting equipment for preventing back pain in lifting and handling: systematic review, BMJ, 336, 429, 10.1136/bmj.39463.418380.BE Dagenais, 2010, Synthesis of recommendations for the assessment and management of low back pain from recent clinical practice guidelines, Spine J, 10, 514, 10.1016/j.spinee.2010.03.032 Hayden, 2005, Exercise therapy for treatment of non-specific low back pain, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 10.1002/14651858.CD000335.pub2 Schaafsma, 2013, Physical conditioning as part of a return to work strategy to reduce sickness absence for workers with back pain, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 8, 10.1002/14651858.CD001822.pub3 Rubinstein, 2012, Spinal manipulative therapy for acute low-back pain, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 9, 10.1002/14651858.CD008880.pub2 Chavannes, 2005, NHG-Standaard Aspecifieke lage rugpijn (Eerste herziening) Huisarts Wet, 48, 113 Hulshof, 2013, The role and influence of care providers on work disability Foster, 2013, Stratified models of care, Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol, 27, 649, 10.1016/j.berh.2013.10.005 Haskins, 2012, Clinical prediction rules in the physiotherapy management of low back pain: a systematic review, Man Ther, 17, 9, 10.1016/j.math.2011.05.001 Beneciuk, 2013, The STarT back screening tool and individual psychological measures: evaluation of prognostic capabilities for low back pain clinical outcomes in outpatient physical therapy settings, Phys Ther, 93, 321, 10.2522/ptj.20120207 Beneciuk, 2015, Subgrouping for patients with low back pain: a Multidimensional approach incorporating cluster analysis and the STarT back screening tool, J Pain, 16, 19 Kamper, 2010, Treatment-based subgroups of low back pain: a guide to appraisal of research studies and a summary of current evidence, Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol, 24, 181, 10.1016/j.berh.2009.11.003 Whitehurst, 2012, Exploring the cost-utility of stratified primary care management for low back pain compared with current best practice within risk-defined subgroups, Ann Rheum Dis, 71, 1796, 10.1136/annrheumdis-2011-200731 Roelen, 2011, The history of registered sickness absence predicts future sickness absence, Occup Med (Lond), 61, 96, 10.1093/occmed/kqq181 Van Nieuwenhuyse, 2006, The role of physical workload and pain related fear in the development of low back pain in young workers: evidence from the BelCoBack Study; results after one year of follow up, Occup Environ Med, 63, 45, 10.1136/oem.2004.015693 Steenstra, 2015, Predicting time on prolonged benefits for injured workers with acute back pain, J Occup Rehabil, 25, 267, 10.1007/s10926-014-9534-5 Shaw, 2013, What circumstances prompt a workplace discussion in medical evaluations for back pain?, J Occup Rehabil, 23, 125, 10.1007/s10926-012-9392-y Steenstra, 2005, Prognostic factors for duration of sick leave in patients sick listed with acute low back pain: a systematic review of the literature, Occup Environ Med, 62, 851, 10.1136/oem.2004.015842 Jensen, 2013, Prediction model for unsuccessful return to work after hospital-based intervention in low back pain patients, BMC Musculoskelet Disord, 14, 140, 10.1186/1471-2474-14-140 Davey, 2009, Predictors of nurse absenteeism in hospitals: a systematic review, J Nurs Manag, 17, 312 Kamper, 2014, Multidisciplinary biopsychosocial rehabilitation for chronic low back pain, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 10.1002/14651858.CD000963.pub3 Choi, 2010, Exercises for prevention of recurrences of low-back pain, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 10.1002/14651858.CD006555.pub2 Carroll, 2010, Workplace involvement improves return to work rates among employees with back pain on long-term sick leave: a systematic review of the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of interventions, Disabil Rehabil, 32, 607, 10.3109/09638280903186301 Henschke, 2010, Behavioural treatment for chronic low-back pain, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 10.1002/14651858.CD002014.pub3 Palmer, 2012, Effectiveness of community- and workplace-based interventions to manage musculoskeletal-related sickness absence and job loss: a systematic review, Rheumatol Oxf, 51, 230, 10.1093/rheumatology/ker086 Anema, 2009, Can cross country differences in return-to-work after chronic occupational back pain be explained? an exploratory analysis on disability policies in a six country cohort study, J Occup Rehabil, 19, 419, 10.1007/s10926-009-9202-3 Lambeek, 2010, Effect of integrated care for sick listed patients with chronic low back pain: economic evaluation alongside a randomised controlled trial, BMJ, 341, 10.1136/bmj.c6414 van Oostrom, 2009, Workplace interventions for preventing work disability, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 10.1002/14651858.CD006955.pub2 Shaw, 2008, A literature review describing the role of return-to-work coordinators in trial programs and interventions designed to prevent workplace disability, J Occup Rehabil, 18, 2, 10.1007/s10926-007-9115-y Vermeulen, 2011, A participatory return-to-work intervention for temporary agency workers and unemployed workers sick-listed due to musculoskeletal disorders: results of a randomized controlled trial, J Occup Rehabil, 21, 313, 10.1007/s10926-011-9291-7 Fisker, 2013, Early coordinated multidisciplinary intervention to prevent sickness absence and labour market exclusion in patients with low back pain: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial, BMC Musculoskelet Disord, 14, 93, 10.1186/1471-2474-14-93 Fritz, 2003, Comparison of classification-based physical therapy with therapy based on clinical practice guidelines for patients with acute low back pain: a randomized clinical trial, Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 28, 1363, 10.1097/01.BRS.0000067115.61673.FF Hill, 2011, Comparison of stratified primary care management for low back pain with current best practice (STarT Back): a randomised controlled trial, Lancet, 378, 1560, 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60937-9 Shaw, 2007, Patient clusters in acute, work-related back pain based on patterns of disability risk factors, J Occup Environ Med, 49, 185, 10.1097/01.jom.0000254205.47334.c3 Shaw, 2009, The “Decade of the Flags” Working Group. Early patient screening and intervention to address individual-level occupational factors (“Blue Flags”) in back disability, J Occup Rehabil, 19, 64, 10.1007/s10926-008-9159-7 Steenstra, 2010, Validation of a risk factor-based intervention strategy model using data from the readiness for return to work cohort study, J Occup Rehabil, 20, 394, 10.1007/s10926-009-9218-8 Shaw, 2009, Does the presence of psychosocial “yellow flags” alter patient-provider communication for work-related, acute low back pain?, J Occup Environ Med, 51, 1032, 10.1097/JOM.0b013e3181b2f539 Baril, 2003, Management of return-to-work programs for workers with musculoskeletal disorders: a qualitative study in three Canadian provinces, Soc Sci Med, 57, 2101, 10.1016/S0277-9536(03)00131-X Shaw, 2013, Workplace issues