BL-01, an Fc-bearing, tetravalent CD20 × CD5 bispecific antibody, redirects multiple immune cells to kill tumors in vitro and in vivo

Golay, 2017, Direct targeting of cancer cells with antibodies: What can we learn from the successes and failure of unconjugated antibodies for lymphoid neoplasias?, Journal of autoimmunity, 85, 6, 10.1016/j.jaut.2017.06.002 Carter, 2006, Potent antibody therapeutics by design, Nature reviews. Immunology, 6, 343, 10.1038/nri1837 Liu, 2020, Fc-Engineering for Modulated Effector Functions-Improving Antibodies for Cancer Treatment, Antibodies (Basel), 9, 64, 10.3390/antib9040064 Golay, 2020, The Role of Complement in the Mechanism of Action of Therapeutic Anti-Cancer mAbs, Antibodies (Basel), 9, 58, 10.3390/antib9040058 Chaudhry, 2015, What is the status of novel anti-CD20 antibodies for chronic lymphocytic leukemia and are they set to leave rituximab in the shadows?, Expert review of hematology, 8, 733, 10.1586/17474086.2015.1087844 Golay, 2012, Mechanism of action of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies: promises and pitfalls of in vitro and in vivo assays, Archives of biochemistry and biophysics, 526, 146, 10.1016/j.abb.2012.02.011 Bordron, 2018, Resistance to complement activation, cell membrane hypersialylation and relapses in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients treated with rituximab and chemotherapy, Oncotarget, 9, 31590, 10.18632/oncotarget.25657 Torka, 2019, Mechanisms of Resistance to Monoclonal Antibodies (mAbs) in Lymphoid Malignancies, Current hematologic malignancy reports, 14, 426, 10.1007/s11899-019-00542-8 Golay, 2001, CD20 levels determine the in vitro susceptibility to rituximab and complement of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: further regulation by CD55 and CD59, Blood, 98, 3383, 10.1182/blood.V98.12.3383 Brinkmann, 2017, The making of bispecific antibodies, mAbs, 9, 182, 10.1080/19420862.2016.1268307 Spiess, 2015, Alternative molecular formats and therapeutic applications for bispecific antibodies, Molecular immunology, 67, 95, 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.01.003 Nayyar, 2019, Overcoming Resistance to Natural Killer Cell Based Immunotherapies for Solid Tumors, Frontiers in oncology, 9, 51, 10.3389/fonc.2019.00051 van Spriel, 2000, Immunotherapeutic perspective for bispecific antibodies, Immunology today, 21, 391, 10.1016/S0167-5699(00)01659-5 Yilmaz, 2020, The potential role of Bi-specific antibodies in acute myeloid leukemia, Best practice & research, Clinical haematology, 33 Bargou, 2008, Tumor regression in cancer patients by very low doses of a T cell-engaging antibody, Science, 321, 974, 10.1126/science.1158545 Topp, 2012, Long-term follow-up of hematologic relapse-free survival in a phase 2 study of blinatumomab in patients with MRD in B-lineage ALL, Blood, 120, 5185, 10.1182/blood-2012-07-441030 Chitadze, 2020, Bispecific antibodies in acute lymphoblastic leukemia therapy, Expert review of hematology, 13, 1211, 10.1080/17474086.2020.1831380 Klinger, 2016, Harnessing T cells to fight cancer with BiTE(R) antibody constructs-past developments and future directions, Immunological reviews, 270, 193, 10.1111/imr.12393 Zugmaier, 2015, Long-term survival and T-cell kinetics in relapsed/refractory ALL patients who achieved MRD response after blinatumomab treatment, Blood, 126, 2578, 10.1182/blood-2015-06-649111 Sidaway, 2017, Haematological cancer: Treg predict responsiveness to blinatumomab, Nature reviews. Clinical oncology, 14, 262 Kobayashi, 2021, Correlation between increased immune checkpoint molecule expression and refractoriness to blinatumomab evaluated by longitudinal T cell analysis, International journal of hematology, 113, 600, 10.1007/s12185-020-03047-w Kohnke, 2015, Increase of PD-L1 expressing B-precursor ALL cells in a patient resistant to the CD19/CD3-bispecific T cell engager antibody blinatumomab, Journal of hematology & oncology, 8, 111, 10.1186/s13045-015-0213-6 Golay, 2014, A novel method using blinatumomab for efficient, clinical-grade expansion of polyclonal T cells for adoptive immunotherapy, Journal of immunology, 193, 4739, 10.4049/jimmunol.1401550 Golay, 2018, Cord blood-derived cytokine-induced killer cells combined with blinatumomab as a therapeutic strategy for CD19(+) tumors, Cytotherapy, 20, 1077, 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.06.003 Franceschetti, 2009, Cytokine-induced killer cells are terminally differentiated activated CD8 cytotoxic T-EMRA lymphocytes, Experimental hematology, 37, 616-28 e2, 10.1016/j.exphem.2009.01.010 Rettinger, 2012, The cytotoxic potential of interleukin-15-stimulated cytokine-induced killer cells against leukemia cells, Cytotherapy, 14, 91, 10.3109/14653249.2011.613931 Introna, 2017, CIK as therapeutic agents against tumors, Journal of autoimmunity, 85, 32, 10.1016/j.jaut.2017.06.008 Introna, 2017, Phase II Study of Sequential Infusion of Donor Lymphocyte Infusion and Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells for Patients Relapsed after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Biology of blood and marrow transplantation: journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, 23, 2070, 10.1016/j.bbmt.2017.07.005 Narayan, 2019, Donor-Derived Cytokine-Induced Killer Cell Infusion as Consolidation after Nonmyeloablative Allogeneic Transplantation for Myeloid Neoplasms, Biology of blood and marrow transplantation: journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, 25, 1293, 10.1016/j.bbmt.2019.03.027 Merker, 2019, Clearance of Hematologic Malignancies by Allogeneic Cytokine-Induced Killer Cell or Donor Lymphocyte Infusions, Biology of blood and marrow transplantation: journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, 25, 1281, 10.1016/j.bbmt.2019.03.004 Edinger, 2003, Revealing lymphoma growth and the efficacy of immune cell therapies using in vivo bioluminescence imaging, Blood, 101, 640, 10.1182/blood-2002-06-1751 Thorne, 2006, Synergistic antitumor effects of immune cell-viral biotherapy, Science, 311, 1780, 10.1126/science.1121411 Golay, 2016, Design and Validation of a Novel Generic Platform for the Production of Tetravalent IgG1-like Bispecific Antibodies, Journal of immunology, 196, 3199, 10.4049/jimmunol.1501592 Burgueno-Bucio, 2019, The multiple faces of CD5, Journal of leukocyte biology, 105, 891, 10.1002/JLB.MR0618-226R Cerutti, 2012, Lepidopteran cells, an alternative for the production of recombinant antibodies?, mAbs, 4, 294, 10.4161/mabs.19942 Leidi, 2009, M2 macrophages phagocytose rituximab-opsonized leukemic targets more efficiently than m1 cells in vitro, Journal of immunology, 182, 4415, 10.4049/jimmunol.0713732 Bologna, 2011, Mechanism of action of type II, glycoengineered, anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody GA101 in B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia whole blood assays in comparison with rituximab and alemtuzumab, Journal of immunology, 186, 3762, 10.4049/jimmunol.1000303 Golay, 2000, Biologic response of B lymphoma cells to anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab in vitro: CD55 and CD59 regulate complement-mediated cell lysis, Blood, 95, 3900, 10.1182/blood.V95.12.3900.012k14_3900_3908 Rouge, 2020, Structure of CD20 in complex with the therapeutic monoclonal antibody rituximab, Science, 367, 1224, 10.1126/science.aaz9356 Juliant, 2013, Engineering the baculovirus genome to produce galactosylated antibodies in lepidopteran cells, Methods in molecular biology, 988, 59, 10.1007/978-1-62703-327-5_5 Shibata-Koyama, 2009, The N-linked oligosaccharide at Fc gamma RIIIa Asn-45: an inhibitory element for high Fc gamma RIIIa binding affinity to IgG glycoforms lacking core fucosylation, Glycobiology, 19, 126, 10.1093/glycob/cwn110 Ferrara, 2006, The carbohydrate at FcgammaRIIIa Asn-162. An element required for high affinity binding to non-fucosylated IgG glycoforms, The Journal of biological chemistry, 281, 5032, 10.1074/jbc.M510171200 Shields, 2002, Lack of fucose on human IgG1 N-linked oligosaccharide improves binding to human Fcgamma RIII and antibody-dependent cellular toxicity, The Journal of biological chemistry, 277, 26733, 10.1074/jbc.M202069200 Liu, 2015, Afucosylated antibodies increase activation of Fc gamma RIIIa-dependent signaling components to intensify processes promoting ADCC, Cancer immunology research, 3, 173, 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-14-0125 Weiner, 2010, Rituximab: mechanism of action, Seminars in hematology, 47, 115, 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2010.01.011 Cartron, 2002, Therapeutic activity of humanized anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody and polymorphism in IgG Fc receptor Fc gammaIIIa gene, Blood, 99, 754, 10.1182/blood.V99.3.754 Glennie, 2007, Mechanisms of killing by anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies, Molecular immunology, 44, 3823, 10.1016/j.molimm.2007.06.151 Boross, 2012, Mechanisms of action of CD20 antibodies, Am J Cancer Res, 2, 676 Sommaggio, 2020, Adoptive cell therapy of triple negative breast cancer with redirected cytokine-induced killer cells, Oncoimmunology, 9, 10.1080/2162402X.2020.1777046 Niu, 2015, In vitro analysis of the proliferative capacity and cytotoxic effects of ex vivo induced natural killer cells, cytokine-induced killer cells, and gamma-delta T cells, BMC immunology, 16, 61, 10.1186/s12865-015-0124-x Zou, 2020, Application of the chemokine-chemokine receptor axis increases the tumor-targeted migration ability of cytokine-induced killer cells in patients with colorectal cancer, Oncology letters, 20, 123 Marin, 2006, Characterization of in vitro migratory properties of anti-CD19 chimeric receptor-redirected CIK cells for their potential use in B-ALL immunotherapy, Experimental hematology, 34, 1219, 10.1016/j.exphem.2006.05.004