Axillary lymph node dissection plus radiotherapy may be an optimal strategy for patients with occult breast cancer

Baron, 1990, Occult breast cancer presenting with axillary metastases. Updated management, Arch Surg, 125, 210, 10.1001/archsurg.1990.01410140088014 Ofri, 2020, Occult breast cancer: where are we at?, Breast, 54, 211, 10.1016/j.breast.2020.10.012 He, 2012, Treatment outcomes and unfavorable prognostic factors in patients with occult breast cancer, Eur J Surg Oncol, 38, 1022, 10.1016/j.ejso.2012.08.022 Johnson, 2019, The effect of local therapy on breast cancer-specific mortality of women with occult breast cancer and advanced nodal disease (N2/N3): a population analysis, Breast Cancer Res Treat, 177, 155, 10.1007/s10549-019-05285-x Woo, 2013, Survival outcomes of different treatment methods for the ipsilateral breast of occult breast cancer patients with axillary lymph node metastasis: a single center experience, J Breast Cancer, 16, 410, 10.4048/jbc.2013.16.4.410 Hessler, 2017, Factors influencing management and outcome in patients with occult breast cancer with axillary lymph node involvement: analysis of the national cancer database, Ann Surg Oncol, 24, 2907, 10.1245/s10434-017-5928-x Buchanan, 2005, Utility of breast magnetic resonance imaging in patients with occult primary breast cancer, Ann Surg Oncol, 12, 1045, 10.1245/ASO.2005.03.520 McCartan, 2017, Oncologic outcomes after treatment for MRI occult breast cancer (pT0N+), Ann Surg Oncol, 24, 3141, 10.1245/s10434-017-5965-5 Terada, 2018, Occult breast cancer may originate from ectopic breast tissue present in axillary lymph nodes, Breast Cancer Res Treat, 172, 1, 10.1007/s10549-018-4898-4 Obdeijn, 2000, MR imaging-guided sonography followed by fine-needle aspiration cytology in occult carcinoma of the breast, AJR Am J Roentgenol, 174, 1079, 10.2214/ajr.174.4.1741079 Wang, 2010, Clinical benefits of mastectomy on treatment of occult breast carcinoma presenting axillary metastases, Breast J, 16, 32, 10.1111/j.1524-4741.2009.00848.x Sohn, 2014, Treatment and survival of patients with occult breast cancer with axillary lymph node metastasis: a nationwide retrospective study, J Surg Oncol, 110, 270, 10.1002/jso.23644 Orel, 1999, Breast MR imaging in patients with axillary node metastases and unknown primary malignancy, Radiology, 212, 543, 10.1148/radiology.212.2.r99au40543 Walker, 2010, Population-based analysis of occult primary breast cancer with axillary lymph node metastasis, Cancer, 116, 4000, 10.1002/cncr.25197 Pentheroudakis, 2010, Axillary nodal metastases from carcinoma of unknown primary (CUPAx): a systematic review of published evidence, Breast Cancer Res Treat, 119, 1, 10.1007/s10549-009-0554-3 Varadarajan, 2006, Prognosis of occult breast carcinoma presenting as isolated axillary nodal metastasis, Oncology, 71, 456, 10.1159/000107111 Schoub, 2018, Understanding indications and defining guidelines for breast magnetic resonance imaging, SA J Radiol, 22, 1353 Avril, 1996, Assessment of axillary lymph node involvement in breast cancer patients with positron emission tomography using radiolabeled 2-(fluorine-18)-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose, J Natl Cancer Inst, 88, 1204, 10.1093/jnci/88.17.1204 Liu, 2014, FDG PET/CT reveals the primary tumor in a patient with occult breast carcinoma undetected by other modalities, Clin Nucl Med, 39, 755, 10.1097/RLU.0000000000000503 Wu, 2017, Comparable survival between additional radiotherapy and local surgery in occult breast cancer after axillary lymph node dissection: a population-based analysis, J Cancer, 8, 3849, 10.7150/jca.21217 Macedo, 2016, Optimal surgical management for occult breast carcinoma: a meta-analysis, Ann Surg Oncol, 23, 1838, 10.1245/s10434-016-5104-8 Barton, 2011, The role of ipsilateral breast radiotherapy in management of occult primary breast cancer presenting as axillary lymphadenopathy, Eur J Cancer, 47, 2099, 10.1016/j.ejca.2011.05.010