Autumn-winter diet overlap of fallow, red, and roe deer in forest ecosystems, Southern Poland

Bradshaw R.H.W., Hannon G.E., Lister A.M., A longterm perspective on ungulate-vegetation interactions, For. Ecol. Manage., 2003, 181, 267–280 Cote S.D., Rooney T.P., Tremblay J.P., Dussault Ch., Waller D.M., Ecological impact of deer overabundance, Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst., 2004, 35, 113–47 Martin J.-L., Stockton S.A., Allombert S., Gaston A.J., Top-down and bottom-up consequences of unchecked ungulate browsing on plant and animal diversity in temperate forests: lessons from a deer introduction, Biol. Invasions, 2010, 12, 353–371 Stewart A.J.A., The impact of deer on lowland woodland invertebrates: a review of the evidence and priorities for future research, Forestry, 2001, 74, 259–270 Fuller R.J., Responses of woodland birds to increasing numbers of deer: a review of evidence and mechanisms, Forestry, 2001, 74, 289–298 Flowerdew J.R., Ellwood S.A., Impacts of woodland deer on small mammal ecology, Forestry, 2001, 74, 277–287 Fuller R.J., Gill R.M.A., Ecological impacts of increasing numbers of deer in British woodland, Forestry, 2001, 74, 193–199 Milner J.M., Bonenfant Ch., Mysterud A., Gaillard J.M., Csányi S., Stenseth N.Ch., Temporal and spatial development of red deer harvesting in Europe: biological and cultural factors, J. Appl. Ecol., 2006, 43, 721–734 Bugmann H., Weisberg P.J., Forest — ungulate interactions: monitoring. modeling and management, J. Nat. Conserv., 2003, 10, 193–201 Nugent G., McShea W.J., Parkes J., Woodley S., Waithaka J., Moro J., et al., Policies and management of overabundant deer (native or exotic) in protected areas, Anim. Prod. Sci., 2011, 51, 384–389 Putman R., Apolonio M., Andersen R., Ungulate management in Europe. Problems and practices, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2011 Clutton-Brock T.H., Guiness F.E., Albon S.D., Red deer: behavior and ecology of two sexes, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1982 Danilkin A., Hewison A.J.M., Behavioural ecology of Siberian and European roe deer, Chapman & Hall, London, 1996 Apollonio M., Andersen R., Putman R. [Eds.], European ungulates and their management in the 21st century, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2010 Jackson J., The annual diet of the Fallow deer (Dama dama) in the New Forest, Hampshire, as determined by rumen content analysis, J. Zool., 1977, 181, 465–473 Caldwell J.F., Chapman D.I., Chapman N., Observations on the autumn and winter diet of fallow deer (Dama dama), J. Zool., 1983, 201, 559–563 Borkowski J., Obidziński A., The composition of the autumn and winter diets in two Polish populations of fallow deer, Acta Theriol., 2003, 48, 539–546 Heinze E., Boch S., Fischer M., Hessenmöller D., Klenk B., Müller J., et al., Habitat use of large ungulates in northeastern Germany in relation to forest management, For. Ecol. Manage., 2011, 261, 288–296 Bruno E., Apollonio M., Seasonal variations in the diet of adult male fallow deer in a submediterranean coastal area, Rev. Ecol.-Terre Vie, 1991, 46, 349–362 Kay S., Factors affecting severity of deer browsing damage within coppiced woodlands in the south of England, Biol. Conserv., 1993, 63, 217–222 Moore N.P., Hart J.D., Langton S.D., Factors influencing browsing by fallow deer Dama dama in young broad-leaved plantations, Biol. Conserv., 1999, 87, 255–260 Gill R.M.A., Morgan G., The effects of varying deer density on natural regeneration in woodlands in lowland Britain, Forestry, 2010, 83, 53–63 Trabalza-Marinucci M., Capecci A., Riganelli N., Acuti G., Antonini C., Olivieri O., Dietary preferences and ruminal protozoal populations in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), fallow deer (Dama dama) and mouflon (Ovis musimon), Ital. J. Anim. Sci., 2005, 4, 401–403 Stromayer K.A.K., Warren R.J., Are overabundant deer herds in the eastern United States creating alternate stable states in forest plant communities? Wildlife Soc. B., 1997, 25, 227–234 Husheer S.W., Frampton Ch.M., Fallow deer impacts on Wakatipu beech forest, New Zeal. J. Ecol., 2005, 29, 83–94 Wehausen J.D., Elliott H.W., Range relationships and demography of Fallow and Axis Deer on Point Reyes National Seashore, California Fish and Game, 1982, 68, 132–145 Putman R.J., Competition and coexistence in a multi-species grazing system, Acta Theriol., 1986, 31, 271–291 Garcia-Gonzalez R., Cuartas P., Food habits of Capra pyrenaica, Cervus elaphus, and Dama dama in the Cazorla Sierra (Spain), Mammalia, 1992, 56, 195–202 Putman R.J., Culpin S., Thirgood S.J., Dietary differences between male and female fallow deer in sympatry and in allopatry, J. Zool., 1993, 229, 267–275 Poli B.M., Focardi S., Tinelli A., Composition and metabolizable energy of feed used by fallow deer (Dama dama) in a coastal Mediterranean ecosystem, Small Ruminant Res., 1996, 22, 103–109 Chapman D., Chapman N., Fallow deer: their history, distribution and biology. The 2nd ed., Cochybonddu Books, Machynlleth, 1997 Azorit C., Tellado S., Oya A., Moro J., Seasonal and specific diet variations in sympatric red and fallow deer of southern Spain: a preliminary approach to feeding behaviour, Anim. Prod. Sci., 2012, 52, 720–727 Morse B.W., McElroy M.L., Miller K.V., Seasonal diets of an introduced population of fallow deer on Little St. Simons Island. Georgia, Southeast. Nat., 2009, 8, 57–58 Nugent G., Forage availability and the diet of fallow deer (Dama dama) in the Blue Mountains, Otago, New Zeal. J. Ecol., 1990, 3, 83–95 Chapman D.I., Chapman N., Observations on the biology of fallow deer (Dama dama) in Epping Forest. Essex. England, Biol. Conserv., 1969, 2, 55–62 Focardi S., Aragno P., Montanaro P., Riga F., Interspecific competition from fallow deer Dama dama reduces habitat quality for the Italian roe deer Capreolus capreolus italicus, Ecography, 2006, 29, 407–417 Feretti F., Sforzi A., Lovari S., Behavioural interference between ungulate species: roe are not on velvet with fallow deer, Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol., 2011, 65, 875–887 Kerridge F.J., Bullock D.J., Diet and dietary quality of red deer and fallow deer in late summer, J. Zool., 1991, 224, 333–337 Gębczyńska Z., Food of the roe deer and red deer in the BiaŁowieża Primeval Forest, Acta Theriol., 1980, 25, 487–500 Dumont A., Ouellet J., Crête M., Huot J., Winter foraging strategy of white-tailed deer at the northern limit of its range, Ecoscience, 2005, 12, 476–484 Verheyden-Tixier H., Renaud P.-C., Morellet N., Jamot J., Besle J.-M., Dumont B., Selection for nutrients by red deer hinds feeding on a mixed forest edge, Oecologia, 2008, 156, 715–726 Matyjaszczyk M., Forest Management Plans of Forest District Rudziniec for period from 2006.01.01 to 2015.12.31, vol. 1. General Description of Forests. Analysis [Plan Urządzania Lasu dla Nadleśnictwa Rudziniec na okres od 1 stycznia 2006r. do 31 grudnia 2015 r. tom I. Ogólny opis lasu. Elaborat], Biuro Urządzania Lasu i Geodezji Leśnej w Brzegu, RDLP Katowice, 2006 (in Polish) Miścicki S., Szerszenowicz A., Szerszenowicz K., Szukiel E., The state of post-fire forest regeneration and damage by cervids in the Rudy Raciborskie Forest District. Sylwan, 2002, 146, 43–55, (in Polish with English summary) Gmitrzuk K., Obidziński A., Do large-scale forest regenerations offer to deer more atractive fodder than mature forest: a case of burn out forest in Rudy Raciborskie, Sylwan, 2007, 4, 36–43, (in Polish with English summary) Mysterud A. Lian L-B., Hjermann D.Ø., Scaledependent trade-offs in foraging by European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) during winter, Can. J. Zool., 1999, 77, 1486–1492 Ruckstuhl K.E., Neuhaus P., Sexual segregation in ungulates: a comparative test of three hypotheses, Biol. Rev., 2002, 77, 77–96 Chamrad A.D., Box T.W., Point frame for sampling rumen contents, J. Wildlife Manage., 1964, 28, 473–477 Storms D., Aubry P., Hamann J-L., Said S., Fritz H., Saint-Andrieux C., Seasonal variation in diet composition and similarity of sympatric red deer Cervus elaphus and roe deer Capreolus capreolus, Wildl. Biol, 2008, 14, 237–250 Gaare E., Sörensen A., White R.G., Are rumen samples representative of the diet? Oikos, 1978, 29, 390–395 McInnis M.L., Vavra M., Krueger W.C., A Comparison of four methods used to determine the diets of large herbivores, J. Range Manage., 1983, 36, 302–306 Levins R., Evolution in changing environment, Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1968 Hurlbert S.H., The measurement of niche overlap and some relatives, Ecology, 1978, 59, 67–77 Sneath P.H.A., Sokal R.R., Numerical taxonomy. The principles and practice of numerical classification, W.H. Freeman & Company, San Francisco, 1973 Conover W.J., Practical Nonparametric Statistics. Third Edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1999 Schoener T.W., The Anolis lizards of Bimini: resource partitioning in a complex fauna, Ecology, 1968, 49, 704–726 Butts G.L., Anderegg M.J., Armstrong W.E., Harmel D.E., Ramsey C.W., Sorola S.H., Food habits of five exotic ungulates on Kerr Wildlife Management Area, Texas Parks and Wildl. Dep. Tech. Ser., 1982, 30 Ivlev V.S., Experimental ecology of the feeding of fishes, Yale University Press, New Haven, 1961 Gebert C., Verheyden-Tixier H., Variations of diet composition of red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) in Europe, Mammal Rev., 2001, 31, 189–201 Cornelis J., Casaer J., Herm M., Impact of season, habitat and research techniques on diet composition of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus): a review, J. Zool., 1999, 248, 195–207 Prins R.A., Geelen M.J.H., Rumen characteristics of red deer, fallow deer and roe deer, J. Wild. Manage., 1971, 35, 673–680 Hofmann R.R., Evolutionary steps of ecophysiological adaptation and diversification of ruminants: a comparative view of their digestive system, Oecologia, 1989, 78, 443–457 Latham J., Staines B.W., Gorman M.L., Comparative feeding ecology of red (Cervus elaphus) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in Scottish plantation forests, J. Zool., 1999, 247, 409–418 Pianka E.R., Niche overlap and diffuse competition, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 1974, 71, 2141–2145 De Boer W.F., Prins H.H.T., Large herbivores that strive mightily but eat and drink as friends, Oecologia, 1990, 82, 264–274 Bertolino S., Di Montezemolo N.C., Bassano B., Food-niche relationships within a guild of alpine ungulates including an introduced species, J. Zool., 2009, 277, 63–69 Dolman P.M., Wäber K., Ecosystem and competition impacts of introduced deer, Wildlife Res., 2008, 35, 202–214 Putman R., The natural history of deer, Comstock Pub. Associates, Ithaca N.Y, 1988